Scoping Review and Gap Analysis of Research Related to the Health of Women in the U.S. Military, 2000 to 2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Robyn Martin Englert ◽  
Abigail Marter Yablonsky
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
The U.S

A Scoping Review of Human Trafficking Screening and Response

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802110572
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Macy ◽  
L. B. Klein ◽  
Corey A. Shuck ◽  
Cynthia Fraga Rizo ◽  
Tonya B. Van Deinse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
The U.S

Service providers are increasingly asked to identify individuals who are experiencing trafficking and to connect them with resources and support. Nonetheless, identification is complicated by the reality that those who are experiencing trafficking may rarely self-identify, and providers may fail to identify individuals who are experiencing trafficking due to lack of guidance on how to screen for trafficking capably and sensitively. With the aim of guiding practice, we undertook a scoping review to search for and synthesize trafficking screening tools and response protocols. Following the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR), we located 22 screening tools contained in 26 sources. We included any documents that described or tested human trafficking screening tools, screening or identification protocols, response protocols, or guidelines that were published in any year. All documents were abstracted using a standardized form. Key findings showed that most tools were developed by practice-based and non-governmental organizations located in the U.S. and were administered in the U.S. Few screening tools have been rigorously evaluated. The common types of screening questions and prompts included (a) work conditions; (b) living conditions; (c) physical health; (d) travel, immigration, and movement; (e) appearance and presentation; (f) mental health, trauma, and substance abuse; (g) associations and possessions; and (h) arrests and prior involvement with law enforcement. We were not able to locate specific response protocols that provided step-by-step guidance. Nonetheless, the review revealed available practice-based and research-based evidence to help inform guidance concerning how screening and identification of human trafficking may be administered.

scholarly journals Intersectionality-based quantitative health research and sex/gender sensitivity: a scoping review

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Mena ◽  
◽  
Gabriele Bolte
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Gender And Race ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Background The implementation of a theoretical intersectionality framework into quantitative data analyses is gaining increasing interest in health research. The substantive foundation of intersectionality was established in the U.S., based on the claim of black feminists to broaden the scope of contemporary gender studies by considering the intersection between sex/gender and race/ethnicity more firmly. The aim of our scoping review with particular emphasis on sex/gender was to assess how intersectionality-informed studies in epidemiological research considered different social dimensions in their multivariable and multivariate analyses. Methods Following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR), we conducted a literature review in PubMed. Three distinct health-related fields were brought into focus: diabetes representing a frequent chronic disease, smoking as a wide-spread behavioural health determinant and physical activity as a central target for health promotion. Initially, we compared which and how different social dimensions were accounted for and how inter-categorical and intersectionality-informed analyses were conducted. Further, we assessed sex/gender sensitivity by comparing operationalisation of sex/gender, how sex/gender theories were used and which central theoretical sex/gender concepts were referred to when aiming at explanation of (intersectional) sex/gender differences. Results Our results suggest, that intersectionality-based analyses within the three selected health-related fields are mainly conducted in the U.S. and focused on the intersection between sex/gender and race/ethnicity by using them jointly as subgrouping variables and as parts of interaction terms in regression analyses. Income and education as proxies for social class as well as age are mainly used for adjustment in quantitative analyses. Other approaches for calculating interactions (i.a. synergy-index, CART-analysis) are an exception. Even though sex/gender was considered in every included study and Gender was the most frequent theoretical sex/gender concept referred to when theoretically explaining sex/gender differences, it was exclusively operationalised as binary and solution-linked sex/gender variables were hardly considered in quantitative analyses. Conclusion The systematic integration of solution-linked variables indicating modifiable aspects of sex/gender-related living conditions and disadvantages could improve sex/gender sensitivity as part of intersectionality-based quantitative data analysis in health research.

Toward a national fuels mapping strategy: Lessons from selected mapping programs

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Loveland
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Mapping Strategy ◽  
Ecological Principles ◽  
Wetlands Inventory ◽  
In Fire ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Mapping Program

This paper was presented at the conference ‘Integrating spatial technologies and ecological principles for a new age in fire management’, Boise, Idaho, USA, June 1999 The establishment of a robust national fuels mapping program must be based on pertinent lessons from relevant national mapping programs. Many large-area mapping programs are under way in numerous Federal agencies. Each of these programs follows unique strategies to achieve mapping goals and objectives. Implementation approaches range from highly centralized programs that use tightly integrated standards and dedicated staff, to dispersed programs that permit considerable flexibility. One model facilitates national consistency, while the other allows accommodation of locally relevant conditions and issues. An examination of the programmatic strategies of four national vegetation and land cover mapping initiatives can identify the unique approaches, accomplishments, and lessons of each that should be considered in the design of a national fuel mapping program. The first three programs are the U.S. Geological Survey Gap Analysis Program, the U.S. Geological Survey National Land Cover Characterization Program, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Survey National Wetlands Inventory. A fourth program, the interagency Multiresolution Land Characterization Program, offers insights in the use of partnerships to accomplish mapping goals. Collectively, the programs provide lessons, guiding principles, and other basic concepts that can be used to design a successful national fuels mapping initiative.

scholarly journals DEMENTIA CARE MODELS IN THE U.S.: SCOPING REVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 137-137
Author(s):  
M Kovaleva ◽  
F Epps ◽  
C Clevenger ◽  
K Hepburn
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Care Models ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Understanding the healthcare experiences and needs of African immigrants in the United States: a scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ogbonnaya I. Omenka ◽  
Dennis P. Watson ◽  
Hugh C. Hendrie
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Immigrant Health ◽  
African Immigrants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
African Immigrant ◽  
Healthcare Experiences ◽  
African Immigrant Health ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Background Africans immigrants in the United States are the least-studied immigrant group, despite the research and policy efforts to address health disparities within immigrant communities. Although their healthcare experiences and needs are unique, they are often included in the “black” category, along with other phenotypically-similar groups. This process makes utilizing research data to make critical healthcare decisions specifically targeting African immigrants, difficult. The purpose of this Scoping Review was to examine extant information about African immigrant health in the U.S., in order to develop lines of inquiry using the identified knowledge-gaps. Methods Literature published in the English language between 1980 and 2016 were reviewed in five stages: (1) identification of the question and (b) relevant studies, (c) screening, (d) data extraction and synthesis, and (e) results. Databases used included EBSCO, ProQuest, PubMed, and Google Scholar (hand-search). The articles were reviewed according to title and abstract, and studies deemed relevant were reviewed as full-text articles. Data was extracted from the selected articles using the inductive approach, which was based on the comprehensive reading and interpretive analysis of the organically emerging themes. Finally, the results from the selected articles were presented in a narrative format. Results Culture, religion, and spirituality were identified as intertwined key contributors to the healthcare experiences of African immigrants. In addition, lack of culturally-competent healthcare, distrust, and complexity, of the U.S. health system, and the exorbitant cost of care, were identified as major healthcare access barriers. Conclusion Knowledge about African immigrant health in the U.S. is scarce, with available literature mainly focusing on databases, which make it difficult to identify African immigrants. To our knowledge, this is the first Scoping Review pertaining to the healthcare experiences and needs of African immigrants in the U.S.

How Far Have We Come? An Updated Scoping Review of Young Carers in the U.S.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bailey A. Hendricks ◽  
Melinda S. Kavanaugh ◽  
Marie A. Bakitas
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Young Carers ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Genetic Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease in Racial/Ethnic Minority Populations in the U.S.: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Rubin ◽  
Lucy A. Ingram ◽  
Nicholas V. Resciniti ◽  
Brianna Ashford-Carroll ◽  
Katherine Henrietta Leith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Genetic Risk Factors ◽  
Minority Populations ◽  
Ethnic Minority Populations ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
The U.S

Objectives: As the United States (U.S.) population rapidly ages, the incidence of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRDs) is rising, with racial/ethnic minorities affected at disproportionate rates. Much research has been undertaken to test, sequence, and analyze genetic risk factors for ADRDs in Caucasian populations, but comparatively little has been done with racial/ethnic minority populations. We conducted a scoping review to examine the nature and extent of the research that has been published about the genetic factors of ADRDs among racial/ethnic minorities in the U.S.Design: Using an established scoping review methodological framework, we searched electronic databases for articles describing peer-reviewed empirical studies or Genome-Wide Association Studies that had been published 2005–2018 and focused on ADRD-related genes or genetic factors among underrepresented racial/ethnic minority population in the U.S.Results: Sixty-six articles met the inclusion criteria for full text review. Well-established ADRD genetic risk factors for Caucasian populations including APOE, APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 have not been studied to the same degree in minority U.S. populations. Compared to the amount of research that has been conducted with Caucasian populations in the U.S., racial/ethnic minority communities are underrepresented.Conclusion: Given the projected growth of the aging population and incidence of ADRDs, particularly among racial/ethnic minorities, increased focus on this important segment of the population is warranted. Our review can aid researchers in developing fundamental research questions to determine the role that ADRD risk genes play in the heavier burden of ADRDs in racial/ethnic minority populations.

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