The influence of testing positions and resistance locations on muscle activities during shoulder internal rotation strength measurements in young healthy adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Ito ◽  
Hisashi Matsumoto ◽  
Tomoya Ishida ◽  
Shota Shimizu ◽  
Naomi Oizumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Rotation Strength

Hip external and internal rotation strength: Consistency over time and between sides

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W. Bohannon ◽  
Jeremy Vigneault ◽  
Jon Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Rotation Strength ◽  
Over Time

Shoulder Rotation Function following the Sup-ER Protocol in Children with Brachial Plexus Injuries

Hand ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 155894472093736
Author(s):  
Leeor S. Yefet ◽  
Doria Bellows ◽  
Marija Bucevska ◽  
Rebecca Courtemanche ◽  
Kim Durlacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elbow Function ◽  
Rotation Strength ◽  
Rotation Function

Background: Our group previously developed an upper extremity repositioning (Sup-ER) protocol for brachial plexus birth injuries (BPBIs) that may improve supination and external rotation (ER) at 2 years of age. Questions were raised about the potential for the protocol to cause internal rotation (IR) deficits. The goal of this study was to explore the longer-term outcomes of the Sup-ER protocol and investigate IR/ER function. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional cohort study examined 16 children older than 4 years of age with significant enough BPBI to be treated with the Sup-ER protocol. Total shoulder and elbow function were assessed, including passive and active ranges of motion and strength of IR and ER. Results: Range of motion (ROM) for most active movements was decreased in the affected compared to unaffected arm. Notably, IR passive ROM was similar in the affected (78.7°) and unaffected arm (82.8°). External rotation strength of the affected arm was weaker (42.8 N) compared to the unaffected arm (57.9 N). IR strength had a greater deficit in the affected (43.2 N) arm compared to the unaffected arm (72.2 N), but both ER and IR showed less deficit than described in the literature. Conclusions: Despite differences in ranges of motion between the affected and unaffected arms, ROMs for the affected arm were comparable to the functional limits as reported in the literature. The Sup-ER protocol shows potential to optimize long-term shoulder rotation function in children with BPBI without compromising IR.

Functional Adaptations in Isokinetic Performance and Shoulder Mobility in Elite Ultimate Frisbee Players

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Koeble ◽  
Wolfgang Seiberl
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
National Team ◽  
Body Side ◽  
Agonist And Antagonist ◽  
Ultimate Frisbee ◽  
Isokinetic Performance ◽  
Rotation Strength ◽  
Male Subjects

AbstractUltimate Frisbee is a team sport where players mainly use their dominant arm for throwing a flying disc. Little is known about possible functional adaptations to this unilateral strain. The purpose of this study was to investigate shoulder rotation strength and range of motion (ROM) in elite Ultimate Frisbee players. We were especially interested in possible sport-specific functional adaptations of peak torque and work ratios as well as the range of motion of agonist and antagonist shoulder rotators regarding laterality between the dominant and non-dominant body sides. For this reason, the concentric external and internal isokinetic (60°/s) shoulder rotation torque and passive glenohumeral rotation ROM were examined in 15 male subjects (27.5 ± 5.5 yrs; all current or former members of the German National Team) and comparisons of dominant to non-dominant body sides were conducted. Maximum strength (work) during external shoulder rotation was higher on the dominant body side compared with the non-dominant body side (8.4 ± 8.4 %; p < 0.01). No side-to-side differences were found in maximum internal rotation strength. Internal rotation ROM and total ROM were smaller on the dominant body side (21 ± 18 %; p < 0.01 and 5 ± 9 %; p < 0.05). Our findings indicate similar adaptation patterns of shoulder rotation mobility compared to other overhead sports, but differing results regarding shoulder rotation strength. Stretching exercises and monitoring programs are recommended for elite Ultimate Frisbee players, starting at the early stages of the career.

scholarly journals Test-Retest Reliability of Isokinetic Arm Strength Measurements in Competitive Swimmers

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Collado-Mateo ◽  
Francisco J. Dominguez-Muñoz ◽  
Nuno Batalha ◽  
Jose Parraça ◽  
Pablo Tomas-Carus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Rotation ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Antagonist Muscles ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Rotation Strength ◽  
Competitive Swimmers

Abstract Swimming motor patterns lead internal rotators to grow stronger than antagonist muscles, what may increase the risk of injury in swimmers. Injury prevention often involves the improvement of external rotators strength, as well as the external rotation/internal rotation ratio. The current research aimed to evaluate the test-retest reliability of shoulder concentric rotation strength in competitive swimmers using an isokinetic dynamometer. The study enrolled 35 competitive swimmers aged between 13 and 19 years. Concentric movements were performed including internal and external rotations of the shoulder joint following the instructions of the standardized protocol. The angular velocity of the test was defined at 60º/s. Outcome measures were peak torque (Nm) and work (J), measured in both, the dominant and non-dominant arms. The external rotation/internal rotation ratio was also calculated. Reliability was excellent for peak torque and work. For the external rotation/internal rotation ratio, the ICC oscillated between 0.744 and 0.860 for the work ratio of the non-dominant arm and the peak torque ratio of the dominant arm, respectively. In general terms, better reliability was observed for peak torque compared with work, for external rotation compared with internal rotation, and for the dominant arm compared with the non-dominant one.

Structural and Functional Results of Subscapularis and Conjoint Tendon After Latarjet Procedure at 8-Year Average Follow-up

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652110615
Author(s):  
Sebastien Azizi ◽  
Lukas Urbanschitz ◽  
Susanne Bensler ◽  
Christopher G. Lenz ◽  
Paul Borbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Bone Block ◽  
Subscapularis Tendon ◽  
Latarjet Procedure ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rotation Strength ◽  
Nonoperative Side ◽  
Conjoint Tendon

Background: The Latarjet procedure involves initial dissection through a longitudinal split of the subscapularis tendon with only a final partial closure to accommodate the transferred coracoid bone. Furthermore, by transferring the coracoid bone block to the anterior glenoid, the surgeon completely alters the resting and dynamic route of the attached conjoint tendon. The eventual structural and functional integrity of the subscapularis and conjoint tendons is currently unknown. Purpose: To examine the structural and functional integrity of the subscapularis and the conjoint tendon after the Latarjet procedure at an 8-year average follow-up. Study design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Twenty patients with anterior shoulder instability at a mean age of 30 years (range, 19-50 years) underwent the open Latarjet procedure. Clinical examination at the final follow-up included quantitative isometric measurement of abduction and internal rotation strength compared with the nonoperative side. Patients were assessed via radiograph examination and preoperative computed tomography. Final position and healing of the transferred coracoid bone block were evaluated using standard radiographs. At follow-up, the subscapularis and conjoint tendon were evaluated via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with metal artifact reduction techniques and via ultrasound. Results: Nineteen of the 20 shoulders remained stable at the final follow-up; there was 1 redislocation (5%) after 14 months. The mean Rowe score was 83 points (SD, 17.9 points), the mean Constant score was 85 points (SD, 8.1 points), and the Subjective Shoulder Value was 80% (SD, 18%). The mean abduction strength of the operative shoulder was 7.41 ± 2.06 kg compared with 8.33 ± 2.53 kg for the nonoperative side ( P = .02). The mean internal rotation strength at 0° for the operative shoulder was 8.82 ± 3.47 kg compared with 9.06 ± 3.01 kg for the nonoperative side ( P = .36). The mean internal rotation strength in the belly-press position for the operative shoulder was 8.12 ± 2.89 kg compared with 8.50 ± 3.03 kg ( P = .13). Four of 20 shoulders showed mild tendinopathic changes of the subscapularis tendon but no partial or complete tear. One patient exhibited fatty degeneration Goutallier stage 1. Conjoint tendon was in continuity in all 20 shoulders on MRI scans. Conclusion: Abduction, but not internal rotation strength, was slightly reduced after the Latarjet procedure at a mean of 8 years of follow-up. The subscapularis tendon was intact based on ultrasound examination, and the conjoint tendon was intact based on MRI scans. Subscapularis muscle girth relative to the supraspinatus muscle remained intact from preoperative measurements based on MRI scans.

The Influence of Arthroscopic Subscapularis Tendon and Capsule Release on Internal Rotation Strength in Treatment of Frozen Shoulder

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 921-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Liem ◽  
Felix Meier ◽  
Lothar Thorwesten ◽  
Bjoern Marquardt ◽  
Joern Steinbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Subscapularis Tendon ◽  
Rotation Strength ◽  
Capsule Release

scholarly journals Discovery of rotation axis alignments in Milky Way globular clusters

2020 ◽  
Vol 638 ◽  
pp. L12
Author(s):  
Andrés E. Piatti
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Globular Cluster ◽  
Globular Clusters ◽  
Milky Way ◽  
Rotation Axis ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Orbit Inclination ◽  
Inclination Angles ◽  
Rotation Strength

There is an increasing number of recent observational results that show that some globular clusters exhibit internal rotation while they travel along their orbital trajectories around the Milky Way center. Based on these findings, we searched for any relationship between the inclination angles of the globular cluster orbits with respect to the Milky Way plane and those of their rotation. We discovered that the relative inclination, in the sense of inclination of the rotation axis to orbit axis, is a function of the orbit inclination of the globular cluster. Rotation and orbit axes are aligned for an inclination of ∼56°, while the rotation axis inclination is far from the orbit inclination between ∼20° and −20° when the latter increases from 0° up to 90°. We further investigated the origin of this linear relationship and found no correlation with the semimajor axes and eccentricities of the globular cluster orbits, nor with the internal rotation strength, the globular cluster sizes, actual and tidally disrupted masses, or half-mass relaxation times, among others. The uncovered relationship will affect the development of numerical simulations of the internal rotation of globular clusters, our understanding of the interaction of globular clusters with the gravitational field of the Milky Way, and the observational campaigns made to increase the number of globular clusters with detected internal rotation.

Effects of 6-Week Sling-Based Training of the External-Rotator Muscles on the Shoulder Profile in Elite Female High School Handball Players

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 286-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Genevois ◽  
Philippe Berthier ◽  
Vincent Guidou ◽  
Franck Muller ◽  
Boris Thiebault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Strengthening Exercises ◽  
Shoulder Region ◽  
Female High School ◽  
Rotation Strength ◽  
External Rotator

Context:In women's handball, the large numbers of throws and passes make the shoulder region vulnerable to overuse injuries. Repetitive throwing motions generate imbalance between shoulder internal- and external-rotator muscles. It has not yet been established whether sling-based training can improve shoulder external-rotator muscle strength.Objective:This study investigated the effectiveness of a 6-wk strengthening program in improving shoulder functional profile in elite female high school handball players.Design:Crossover study.Setting:National elite handball training center.Participants:25 elite female high school handball players.Interventions:The program, completed twice per week for 6 wk, included sling-based strengthening exercises using a suspension trainer for external rotation with scapular retraction and scapular retraction alone.Main Outcomes:Maximal shoulder external- and internal-rotation strength, shoulder external- and internal-rotation range of motion (ROM), and maximal throwing velocity were assessed preintervention and postintervention for dominant and nondominant sides.Results:After sling training, external- and internal-rotation strength increased significantly for both sides (P ≤ .001, and P = .004, respectively), with the result that there was no significant change in external- and internal-rotation strength ratios for either the dominant or the nondominant shoulder. No significant differences were observed for external-rotation ROM, while internal-rotation ROM decreased moderately, in particular in the dominant shoulder (P = .005). Maximal throwing velocity remained constant for the dominant arm, whereas a significant increase was found for the nondominant arm (P = .017).Conclusions:This 6-wk strengthening program was effective in improving shoulder external-rotator muscle strength but resulted in a decrease in the ROM in shoulder internal rotation, while throwing velocity remained stable. Adding a stretching program to this type of sling-based training program might help avoid potential detrimental effects on shoulder ROM.

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