The Clinical Importance of Changes in the 0 to 10 Numeric Rating Scale for Worst, Least, and Average Pain Intensity: Analyses of Data from Clinical Trials of Duloxetine in Pain Disorders

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Farrar ◽  
Yili L. Pritchett ◽  
Michael Robinson ◽  
Apurva Prakash ◽  
Amy Chappell
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Average Pain Intensity ◽  
Average Pain ◽  
Numeric Rating

scholarly journals A prospective cohort register-based study of chronic postsurgical pain and long-term use of pain medication after otorhinolaryngological surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Graf ◽  
Katharina Geißler ◽  
Winfried Meißner ◽  
Orlando Guntinas-Lichius
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Postsurgical Pain ◽  
Average Pain Intensity ◽  
Chronic Postsurgical Pain ◽  
Average Pain ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Perioperative Assessment ◽  
Numeric Rating

AbstractData on chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) after otorhinolaryngological surgery are sparse. Adult in-patients treated in 2017 were included into the prospective PAIN OUT registry. Patients’ pain on the first postoperative day (D1), after six months (M6) and 12 months (M12) were evaluated. Determining factor for CPSP was an average pain intensity ≥ 3 (numeric rating scale 0–10) at M6. Risk factors associated with CPSP were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. 10% of 191 included patients (60% male, median age: 52 years; maximal pain at D1: 3.5 ± 2.7), had CPSP. Average pain at M6 was 0.1 ± 0.5 for patients without CPSP and 4.2 ± 1.2 with CPSP. Average pain with CPSP still was 3.7 ± 1.1 at M12. Higher ASA status (Odds ratio [OR] = 4.052; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.453–11.189; p = 0.007), and higher minimal pain at D1 (OR = 1.721; CI = 1.189–2.492; p = 0.004) were independent predictors of CPSP at M6. Minimal pain at D1 (OR = 1.443; CI = 1.008–2.064; p = 0.045) and maximal pain at M6 (OR = 1.665; CI = 1.340–2.069; p < 0.001) were independent predictors for CPSP at M12. CPSP is an important issue after otorhinolaryngological surgery. Better instrument for perioperative assessment should be defined to identify patients at risk for CPSP.

Baseline endometriosis-associated pain burden: Data from 1600+ women enrolled in elagolix clinical trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Leyland ◽  
Stephanie J Estes ◽  
Samantha Eichner ◽  
Ahmed M Soliman ◽  
Yabing Mai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Pelvic Pain ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Scale Range ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale Score ◽  
Numeric Rating

Background: The daily pain burden experienced by women with endometriosis has not been well studied. Objective: To characterize baseline pain among women with moderate-to-severe endometriosis-associated pain enrolled in phase 3 studies of elagolix, an oral, nonpeptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist. Study design: Data were pooled from the screening phase of two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials. After cessation of endometriosis medications, patients entered the screening phase during which symptoms (dysmenorrhea, nonmenstrual pelvic pain, and dyspareunia) and rescue medication use were recorded daily in electronic diaries. Endometriosis-associated pain was also scored using the Numeric Rating Scale (range 0–10). Baseline was defined as the last 35 days during the screening period. Results: Endometriosis-associated pain was reported by the 1686 study participants on most days during the baseline interval. Pain was often moderate or severe, with a mean Numeric Rating Scale score of 5.6 ± 1.7. Women reported dysmenorrhea an average of 8.1 ± 3.0 days (97.9% ± 7.0% of menstruating days), nonmenstrual pelvic pain on 20.5 ± 5.4 days (90.3% ± 15.8% of nonmenstruating days), and dyspareunia on 8.7 ± 8.0 days (81.7% ± 29.7% of sexually active days). When they occurred, dysmenorrhea, nonmenstrual pelvic pain, and dyspareunia were frequently moderate or severe in intensity. Women were free of pelvic pain for an average of 2.4 ± 3.9 days during the 35-day evaluation interval. Conclusion: Among women with untreated moderate-to-severe endometriosis pain, the daily burden of pain was extensive, both during menstruation and on nonmenstruating days.

scholarly journals THE DIFFERENCE OF PAIN SCALE USING NUMERIC RATING SCALE AND VISUAL ANALOG SCALE IN POST-OPERATIVE PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Natya Ayu Paluwih ◽  
Riama Marlyn Sihombing ◽  
Kinanthi Lebdawicaksaputri
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Mild Pain ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Perceived Pain ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Numeric Rating

Post-operative pain is acute and subjective therefore the perceived pain intensity will be different. In one of the western Indonesia Hospitals in measuring the pain threshold using 2 tools namely Numeric Rating Scale and Wong Baker Face. Measurement of the pain intensity can be done with NRS and VAS scale. The objective of this research was to identify the difference of pain scale using the NRS and VAS scale in post-operative patients. The research method was descriptive quantitative using comparative approach. The study was conducted on 1 November 2017 – 12 December 2017.The population of the study are the post-operative patients at the In-Patient wards in a private hospital in Western Part of Indonesia. The samples were obtained using purposive sampling with n = 41. Research instrument consists of observation sheet using NRS and VAS scale. The results showed most respondents during the first eight hours using NRS scale had mild pain (80.5%); first 16 hours had light pain (63.4%); and had mild pain in the first 24 hours (85.4%). Using VAS scale, most of the respondents on the first eight hours has mild pain (87.8%); first 16 hours has mild pain (68.3%); and has mild pain in the first 24 hours (87.8%). The conclusion of this study is there is no difference in pain scale of post-operative patients using VAS scale and NRS scale. So, hospitals can also use the VAS scale to assess pain scale in post-operative patients.

scholarly journals Fatigue numeric rating scale validity, discrimination and responder definition in patients with psoriatic arthritis

RMD Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dafna Gladman ◽  
Peter Nash ◽  
Hitoshi Goto ◽  
Julie A Birt ◽  
Chen-Yen Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Routine Clinical Practice ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Numeric Rating

ObjectivesThis study assessed the psychometric properties of the fatigue numeric rating scale (NRS) and sought to establish values for clinically meaningful change (responder definition).MethodsUsing disease-specific clinician-reported and patient-reported data from two randomised clinical trials of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), the fatigue NRS was evaluated for test–retest reliability, construct validity and responsiveness. A responder definition was also explored using anchor-based and distribution-based methods.ResultsTest–retest reliability analyses supported the reproducibility of the fatigue NRS in patients with PsA (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.829). Mean (SD) values at baseline and week 2 were 5.7 (2.2) and 5.7 (2.4), respectively. Supporting construct validity of the fatigue NRS, moderate-to-large correlations with other assessments measuring similar concepts as measured by Sackett’s conventions were demonstrated. Fatigue severity was reduced when the underlying disease activity was improved and reductions remained consistent at week 12 and 24. A 3-point improvement was identified as being optimal for demonstrating a level of clinically meaningful improvement in fatigue NRS after 12–24 weeks of treatment.ConclusionsFatigue NRS is a valid and responsive patient-reported outcome instrument for use in patients with PsA. The established psychometric properties from this study support the use of fatigue NRS in clinical trials and in routine clinical practice. Robust validation of reliability for use in routine clinical practice in treating patients with active PsA in less active disease states and other more diverse ethnic groups is needed.

Statistical Models for the Analysis of Zero-Inflated Pain Intensity Numeric Rating Scale Data

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph L. Goulet ◽  
Eugenia Buta ◽  
Harini Bathulapalli ◽  
Ralitza Gueorguieva ◽  
Cynthia A. Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Rating Scale Data ◽  
Scale Data ◽  
Numeric Rating

scholarly journals The Effect of Celery Therapy and Abdominal Stretching Exercise on Pain Intensity in Adolescent with Dysmenorrhea at the Soppeng High School

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (T2) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Sri Rezkiani Kas ◽  
Nur Nasry Noor ◽  
Muh Tahir Abdullla ◽  
Anwar Mallongi ◽  
Erniwati Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
P Value ◽  
Average Pain Intensity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Average Pain

BACKGROUND: Reproductive health is an important issue and needs to get more attention, especially among adolescents because adolescents are the nation’s next generation so adolescents should have excellent reproductive health because adolescents will later marry and become parents, so the quality of life of adolescents must improve to better direction. AIM: This study aimed to determine the effect of celery therapy and abdominal stretching exercise on pain intensity in adolescents with dysmenorrhea in Soppeng District High School. METHODS: This research uses quasi-experimental. A sample of 30 was selected by consecutive sampling that met the inclusion criteria. Samples taken are non-randomized pre-posttest one-group design with accidental sampling method. Data collection using numeric rating scale measurement tools. Data were not normally distributed by analyzing the Wilcoxon test. RESULTS: The results showed that the characteristics of respondents for age were 14–15 years as many as 16 (53.3%). Based on grade level, the average respondent in class one also had details of 16 (53.3%). The average pain intensity before and after intervention, where the mean value + SD is 0.67 + 0.479–0.27 + 0.450 with p value (P = 0.001 <0.05) which means that there is a difference in the average pain intensity significant before and after therapeutic interventions were given. Celery therapy and abdominal stretching exercise need to be recommended to be used as therapy to treat primary dysmenorrhea in young women at SMAN 1 Watan Soppeng. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of research and hypotheses, it can be concluded that there are significant differences after therapy which means that the administration of celery therapy and abdominal stretching exercise 3 times before menstruation is more effective in reducing pain.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN EFEK ANALGESIK AMITRIPTILIN, GABAPENTIN, DAN PREGABALIN PADA NEUROPATI DIABETIK DAN NEURALGIA TRIGEMINAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibnu Putra ◽  
Yuneldi Anwar ◽  
Khairul Putra Surbakti
Keyword(s):  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Numeric Rating

COMPARATIVE ANALGESIC EFFECTS OF AMITRIPTYLINE, GABAPENTIN, AND PREGABALIN IN DIABETIC NEUROPATHY AND TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIAABSTRACTIntroduction: The management of neuropathic pain is a challenge for clinicians because of its nonspecific and difficult clinical to treat characteristics. The e use of antidepressant drugs such as amitriptyline and anticonvulsants such as gabapentin and pregabalin has shown various efficacy overcoming neuropathic pain.Aim: To compare the analgesic  efficacy of amitriptyline, gabapentin, and pregabalin  in patients with diabetic neuropathy and trigeminal neuralgia.Methods: This is an experimental pre and post test study on patients with diabetic neuropathy and trigeminal neuralgia in neurology clinic Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, from April 2015 to march 2017. in each disease, subjects were divided into three groups, each was treated either with oral amitriptyline 12.5mg, gabapentin 100mg, or pregabalin 75mg twice daily. The Numeric Rating Scale to assess pain intensity were examined before and after two weeks after treatment.Results: The number of diabetic neuropathy subjects was 75, while trigeminal neuralgia subjects was 30, each were divided into three groups treated either with amitriptyline, gabapentin, or pregabalin. There were no differences on pain intensity changes in diabetic neuropathy groups but significant differences were shown in trigeminal neuralgia groups.Discussion: Amitriptyline, gabapentin, and pregabalin effective to lower pain intensity in trigeminal neuralgia significantly compare to diabetic neuropathy.Keywords: Amitriptyline, diabetic neuropathy, gabaptentin, pregabalin, trigeminal neuralgiaABSTRAKPendahuluan: Pengelolaan nyeri neuropatik merupakan tantangan bagi klinisi karena karakteristik klinisnya yang nonspesifik dan tatalaksananya yang sulit. Penggunaan antidepresan seperti amitriptilin dan antikonvulsan seperti gabapentin dan pregabalin mempunyai efikasi yang berbeda-beda dalam mengatasi nyeri neuropatik.Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan efek analgesik dari amitriptilin, gabapentin, dan pregabalin pada penderita neuropati diabetik dan neuralgia trigeminal.Metode: Studi eksperimental pre dan post test terhadap pasien neuropati diabetik atau neuralgia trigeminal yang berobat ke Poliklinik Neurologi RSUP Haji Adam Malik, Medan, sejak bulan April 2015 hingga Maret 2017. Semua subjek dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok untuk setiap penyakit, yang masing-masing mendapatkan amitriptilin 12,5mg, gabapentin 100mg, dan pregabalin 75mg, dengan frekuensi pemberian obat dua kali sehari setiap kelompok. Pengukuran intensitas nyeri dengan menggunakan Numeric rating Scale dilakukan sebelum dan setelah dua minggu pengobatan.Hasil: Didapatkan subjek dengan neuropati diabetik sebanyak 75 orang dan neuralgia trigeminal 30 orang yang masing-masing dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok dengan terapi amitriptilin, gabapentin, dan pregabalin. Tidak terdapat perbedaan rerata perubahan intensitas nyeri yang bermakna pada kelompok neuropati diabetik, namun bermakna pada subjek neuralgia trigeminal.Diskusi: Amitriptilin, gabapentin, dan pregabalin memiliki efikasi dalam menurunkan intensitas nyeri pada neuralgia trigeminal secara bermakna dibandingkan pada neuropati diabetik.Kata kunci: Amitriptilin, gabapentin, neuralgia trigeminal, neuropati diabetik,pregabalin

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