Media Pembelajaran Videoscribe-Hots Bermuatan IPA Pada Topik Struktur Dan Fungsi Bagian Tumbuhan Kelas IV SD

Kurangnya ketersediaan media pembelajaran pada pembelajaran daring berdampak kepada rendahnya semangat belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang video pembelajaran berbasis Videoscribe pada topik struktur dan fungsi bagian tumbuhan kelas IV SD berkategori valid. Penelitian ini berjenis RnD (pengembangan), menggunakan model penelitian ADDIE. Subjek penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 orang ahli materi, 2 orang ahli media, 2 orang ahli desain pembelajaran, 2 orang praktisi, dan 10 orang siswa kelas IV SD. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan data berupa instrumen penilaian rating scale. Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Indeks Validitas Aiken’s untuk mengetahui tingkat validitasnya. Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji ahli diperoleh rentangan Indeks Validitas Aiken’s adalah 0,8 – 1 yang berada pada V ≥ 0,8 dengan kriteria validitas tinggi, respon praktisi sebesar 97% berkategori sangat baik, dan respon siswa sebesar 97% berkategori sangat baik. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut media video pembelajaran berbasis videoscribe pada topik struktur dan fungsi bagian tumbuhan kelas IV SD layak untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.

Comparison of L-Shape and Side-Lying Positions on Breastfeeding Outcomes among Mothers Delivered by Cesarean Section: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Introduction: Ineffective breastfeeding techniques is one of the factors contributing to poor breastfeeding outcomes in post-cesarean mothers. To assist post-cesarean mothers to find a comfortable breastfeeding position, a trial was conducted to compare different positions of breastfeeding in these individuals. Methods: A randomized clinical parallel trial was carried out on primipara post-cesarean mothers admitted to All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India. Participants were enrolled by convenience sampling technique, which was further randomized (block size= 4) and allocated to receive either "L" shape (n= 30) or side-lying (n= 30) position for breastfeeding. The assigned intervention was provided at least six times a day for four consecutive days. Data were collected using breastfeeding assessment Tool, maternal breastfeeding evaluation scale and numeric pain rating scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23. Results: The baseline characteristics of participants in both groups were similar. The mean comparison of breastfeeding outcome and maternal satisfaction indicated no significant difference between the two positions. However, the mean scores of maternal pain were statistically significant. Hence, it was inferred that the maternal pain was significantly less in post-cesarean mothers in "L" shape compared to side-lying. Conclusion: There is significantly less pain in post-cesarean mothers during breastfeeding in "L" shape than side-lying. Furthermore, maternal satisfaction and breastfeeding outcomes were found to be similar in both positions.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN GERAKAN RELAKSASI TERHADAP PENURUNAN KELUHAN NYERI PUNGGUNG BAWAH PADA PEKERJA PENENUN ULOS DI GALERY ULOS SIANIPAR MEDAN TAHUN 2020

Static positions during work such as sitting for too long can cause exercise loads, stretching muscles, ligament of the spine causing a feeling of comfort in the lower back. One of the non-pharmacological pain management used in pain reduction is by doing relaxation movements. This research wasa quantitative study with a quasi-experimental approach to giving relaxation be used one group pretest posttest. Population of the research is 65 workers with 32 workers as the sample (using purposive sampling technique). The instrument used was numerical rating scale. Data analysis was performed by using univariate and bivariate (using wilcoxon test with α = 0,05).The result of this study showed that the p-value is 0,0001. It was indicate that the value of p < 0,05. It could be concluded that the relaxation was that there is an effect of providing relaxation movements to decrease complaints of low back pain in ulos weaver workers in the gallery ulos sianipar medan. A suggestion to the workers is they should do a relaxation when before and after working and using ergonomic position.

PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS

Objective: To find the prevalence of depression in admitted patients of pulmonary tuberculosis. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Tuberculosis centre, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi and Medicinedepartment Combined Military Hospital Peshawar, from Dec 2017 to May 2018. Methodology: One hundred and six patients of both genders admitted due to pulmonary tuberculosis for more than 2 weeks were taken into study. Individuals on treatment for depression before diagnosis of tuberculosis on medical records and patients with chronic debilitating diseases liable to depression were excluded. All patients were interviewed and scored on Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Data was noted on especially designed proforma. Statistical analysis was done on SPSS-22. Results: Mean age of the patients was 37.452 ± 9.26 years with range from 20 to 60 years. Mean duration oftuberculosis was 4.283 ± 1.21 months and mean duration of hospitalization was 3.584 ± 0.65 weeks while meanweight was 70.839 ± 8.85 Kg. Majority of the patients were male 54 (50.9%) and married 79 (74.5%). Depressionwas seen in 45 (42.5%) patients. Conclusion: The effects of chronic diseases such as tuberculosis are not only physical but also include mentalhealth dysfunction which can lead to poor drug compliance and ultimately drug resistance. In our studydepression was recorded in 42.5% of patients hospitalized for treatment of tuberculosis. Thus, all admittedpatients of tuberculosis should be screened for depression and managed in collaboration with psychiatrist.Keywords: , ,

Rating Scale Data and its Utility: Additional Evidence to be Explored in the Medical Education Continuum

The purposes of this study are to assess the utility of self-appraisals and ratings of program directors (PDs) and to introduce new ways to use self-assessed and rating scale data. The data for this study was collected from graduates of our school who were enrolled in different residency programs around the country. The interns and PDs completed a similar set of questions. The correlation between the ratings of the two group was .21. The Cronbach’s alpha of interns and PD surveys were .89 and .97, respectively. The interns consistently rated themselves lower compared to ratings the PDs assigned them. The two groups agreed on the areas of strengths and weaknesses based on their mean ratings and rank-ordering of competencies. This study proposes that lowest mean ratings of measures that appear at the bottom in the rank-ordering be considered as areas that deserve special attention. The results of this study brought validity evidence to the utility of self-appraisals and PD’s ratings of interns.

Testing for the resistance of newly generated hybrid cacao germplasm in the gene pool of Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN) against Phytophthora megakarya pathogen causing black pod disease of cocoa

ABSTRACTBlack pod disease caused by P. Palmivora and P. megakarya is an important disease affecting cacao in West Africa which produces 70% of the world output. Resistance to the pathogen is therefore, an important factor to be considered when breeding for high yielding and earliness in fruiting. Resistance to the pathogen using Leaf Disc Test (LDT) was conducted at the Plant Pathology Laboratory, Ibadan, on detached 15mm diameter discs of two-month-old leaves obtained from nineteen newly generated cacao hybrids in the gene pool of the Institute. Attached Whole Leaf Test (AWLT) was also conducted on few selected hybrids in the screen house at the same institute. Ten μl zoospores suspension of P. megakarya pathogen adjusted to inoculum strength of 3×105 zoospores/ml using haemocytometer was used for the inoculation of the cacao LD. Using 0-5 disease rating scale, data was taken on the 5th and 7th day after inoculation for LDT and on the 6th day after inoculation for AWLT. Data obtained were subjected to Analysis of Variance and significant means were separated using Student Newman Kuels Test at p<0.05. The LDT classified the hybrids into five groups namely: Resistant (hybrid 001, 003 and 005); Moderately Resistant (hybrid 006, 007, 008,013,015,018 and 019) Moderately Susceptible (hybrid 004, 014 and 017); Susceptible (hybrid 002, 010, 011 and 016) and Highly Susceptible (hybrid 009 and 012). Scores from LDT significantly correlated (r= 0.92**) with that of AWLT. It was observed from the study that cacao hybrid 001, 003 and 005 showed traits of resistant and therefore, could be incorporated into the national breeding programs for the development of high-yielding and resistant cacao cultivars. The moderately resistant hybrids could be conserved for future germplasm enhancement program.

Infertility and Depression: Frequency of Depression in Infertile Males

Background: There is increasing concern that the depression may be associated with infertility. Objective: The current research was aimed to explore the frequency of depression in infertile males. Study Design: This was a cross sectional study. Duration: March 2016 to September 2018. Place: Department of Medicine, PUMHS Nawabshah, Pakistan. Materials and Methods: A total of 385 infertile male subjects who reported for the semen analysis at young age group were included in the study. Depression was assessed by using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Data was collected via self-made proforma and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 385 infertile males were studied. Mean age of individuals was 30.28+6.18 years. Mild depression was found in 34.8% patients, moderate depression was seen in 18.2% patients, severe depression was in 8.1% patients and very severe depression was in 9(2.3%) patients. Moderate and severe depression was higher in cases of Oligospermia and Azoospermia as compared to those having normal sperm count, while results were statistically insignificant (p=0.747). Conclusions: In the observation of this study, there was a significant relationship between infertility and depression in infertile males. Depression was found in 64.6% of infertile males, ranging from mild to very severe levels.

Estimates and demographic correlates of hoarding disorder in non-clinical sample in Pakistan

Objective: To establish sample estimates of hoarding behaviour with demographic correlates in a non-clinical sample. Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted in Islamabad, Pakistan, from February to April, 2018, and comprised data collected from Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad and Rawalpindi after approval from the COMSATS University, Islamabad. Data was collected using a self-developed demographic sheet, along with the hoarding rating scale. Data was analysed using SPSS, Version 20. Results: Of the 375 subjects, 118(31.5%) were males and 257(68.5%) were females. The overall mean age was 42.25+/-13.007 years. Mean hoarding rating scale score was 8.34+/-6.69, with 76(20.3%) subjects falling in the clinical range of hoarding tendencies. There was a significant difference in the scores for Early Adulthood, Middle Adulthood and Late Adulthood (p<0.001). Gender comparison revealed significant difference (p<0.001). A significant positive correlation between hoarding and age was found (p<0.01) whereas a negative correlation was found between hoarding and monthly household income (p<0.01). Conclusion: Hoarding tendencies were found to be in the clinical range for one-fifth of the sample. Key Words: Hoarding disorder, Estimates, Demographics, Continuou...

Testing of the Indonesian Version of the Instrument “Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale” Using Rasch Modelling [Pengujian Kualitas Instrumen Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale Versi Bahasa Indonesia Menggunakan Pemodelan Rasch]

Teachers who have self-efficacy regarding their abilities play an important part in the educational process. The instrument “Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES)”, which consists of 24 items, measures the self-efficacy of a teacher in conducting his or her role in the classroom. This research was aimed at testing the psychometric properties of the Indonesian language version of the TSES, using Rasch testing. 245 State Primary School teachers in the Special Capital District (Daerah Khusus Ibukota - DKI) of Jakarta, Indonesia, took part in the study. Analysis results indicated that the reliability index and the separation of item and person scales of the TSES fulfil the criteria well. In the study of the structure of the organisation of the instrument, tests of the unidimensional quality and accuracy of the items/models showed they fulfil the conditions for measurement by Rasch modelling. In the rating scale, data analysis indicated the necessity of simplification of the range of response choices, and also of the variation in the difficulty of the items, which is not very uniform, so that a large proportion of respondents were not easily measurable, via this instrument. The results of the research indicated two items which showed bias, when dealt with by different groups of respondents. Based upon the information resulting from this testing, this script discusses recommendations for the modification of the Indonesian language version of the TSES instrument, with the aim of producing an instrument having good psychometric qualities, to measure the self-efficacy of teachers. Guru yang mempunyai efikasi diri akan kemampuannya merupakan bagian penting dalam proses pendidikan. Instrumen Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES), yang berisi 24 butir, mengukur efikasi diri seorang guru dalam menjalankan perannya di kelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji properti psikometrik TSES versi Bahasa Indonesia dengan menggunakan pemodelan Rasch. Sebanyak 245 orang guru SD Negeri di DKI Jakarta berpartisipasi dalam studi ini. Hasil analisis menunjukkan indeks reliabilitas serta separasi item dan person skala TSES memenuhi kriteria yang baik. Dalam kajian struktur penyusun instrumen, uji unidimensionalitas dan ketepatan butir-model memenuhi syarat dalam pengukuran pemodelan Rasch. Dalam hal skala peringkat (rating scale), analisis data menunjukkan perlunya penyederhanaan rentang pilihan jawaban; juga variasi tingkat kesulitan butir yang tidak terlalu beragam sehingga sebagian besar responden tidak dapat terukur dengan baik melalui instrumen ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan dua butir yang memiliki bias ketika di kerjakan oleh kelompok responden yang berbeda. Berdasarkan informasi hasil pengujian tersebut, tulisan ini membahas usulan modifikasi instrumen TSES versi Bahasa Indonesia dengan tujuan menghasilkan instrumen efikasi diri guru yang memiliki properti psikometrik yang baik.