Hybrid twin-metal aluminum–magnesium electrolytes for rechargeable batteries

The paper presents the results of the comparative analysis of operation modes of an autonomous hybrid power complex with/without the energy store. We offere the technique which defines the power characteristics of the main components of a hybrid power complex: the consumers of the electric power, wind power and photo-electric installations (the last ones have been constructed). The paper establishes that, in order to compensate the seasonal fluctuations of power in autonomous power systems with renewable energy resources, the accumulative devices are required, with a capacity of tens of MWh including devices that are capable to provide energy storage with duration about half a year. This allows abandoning the storage devices for smoothing the seasonal fluctuations in the energy balance.The analysis of operation modes of energy stores has shown that for a stock and delivery of energy on time intervals, lasting several hours, the accumulative devices with rather high values of charging and digit power aren't required. It allows using the lead-acid rechargeable batteries of the deep category for smoothing the daily peaks of surplus and a capacity shortage. Moreover, the analysis of operation modes of energy stores as a part of the hybrid complexes has demonstrated that in charging/digit currents of the energy store the low-frequency and high-frequency pulsations of big amplitude caused by changes of size of output power of the renewable power installations and loading are inevitable. If low-frequency pulsations (the period of tens of minutes) can partially be damped due to the restriction of size of the maximum charging current of rechargeable batteries, then it is essentially impossible to eliminate high-frequency pulsations (the period of tens of seconds) in the power systems with the only store of energy. The paper finds out that the combined energy store having characteristics of the accumulator in the modes of receiving and delivery of power on daily time intervals, and at the same time having properties of the supercondenser in the modes of reception and return of impulses of power on second intervals of time is best suited to requirements of the autonomous power complexes with renewable energy resources.

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Investigations of the corrosion activity of the KAlCl4 melts by the methods of physicochemical analysis

Practice of Anticorrosive Protection ◽

10.31615/j.corros.prot.2019.94.4-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 59-66

Author(s):

E.S. Filatov

Keyword(s):

Water Vapor ◽

Hydrochloric Acid ◽

Input Data ◽

Corrosion Potential ◽

Physicochemical Analysis ◽

Metal Alloys ◽

Corrosion Activity ◽

Protection Efficiency ◽

Gas Atmosphere ◽

Metal Aluminum

Corrosion behavior of metal alloys in a melt of potassium chloroaluminate (KAlCl4) was investigated. Metal aluminum was used as a protector for protection against continuous frontal corrosion. The equilibrium potentials of aluminum and the corrosion potential of the alloys were measured. The data were obtained to evaluate the corrosion ability of the system of molten salt of potassium chloroaluminate - gas (argon) by measuring the redox potential of the specified environment depending on the composition of the gas atmosphere above it, i.e. from impurities of water vapor, hydrochloric acid, oxygen and other, for example, carbonaceous gases. The calculations of the protection efficiency using the potential difference between the metal aluminum and the protected material were performed. The regularities of changes in the equilibrium potentials of aluminum from the temperature and concentration were established as the fundamental data for possible use at determining the composition ratio of potassium chlorides and aluminum in potassium chloroaluminate as input data for the development of a sensor of composition of chloroaluminate potassium.

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An Adaptive Scheduler for Real-Time Operating Systems to Extend WSN Nodes Lifetime

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing ◽

10.1155/2018/4185650 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Roberto Rodriguez-Zurrunero ◽

Ramiro Utrilla ◽

Elena Romero ◽

Alvaro Araujo

Keyword(s):

Operating System ◽

Real Time ◽

Operating Systems ◽

Research Area ◽

Rechargeable Batteries ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

Portable Devices ◽

Wireless Devices ◽

Changing Environments ◽

Tasks Scheduling

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are a growing research area as a large of number portable devices are being developed. This fact makes operating systems (OS) useful to homogenize the development of these devices, to reduce design times, and to provide tools for developing complex applications. This work presents an operating system scheduler for resource-constraint wireless devices, which adapts the tasks scheduling in changing environments. The proposed adaptive scheduler allows dynamically delaying the execution of low priority tasks while maintaining real-time capabilities on high priority ones. Therefore, the scheduler is useful in nodes with rechargeable batteries, as it reduces its energy consumption when battery level is low, by delaying the least critical tasks. The adaptive scheduler has been implemented and tested in real nodes, and the results show that the nodes lifetime could be increased up to 70% in some scenarios at the expense of increasing latency of low priority tasks.

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Intermittently differential privacy in smart meters via rechargeable batteries

Electric Power Systems Research ◽

10.1016/j.epsr.2021.107410 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 199 ◽

pp. 107410

Author(s):

Xing Liu ◽

Huiwei Wang ◽

Guo Chen ◽

Bo Zhou ◽

Aqeel ur Rehman

Keyword(s):

Differential Privacy ◽

Rechargeable Batteries ◽

Smart Meters

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Quantification of the ion transport mechanism in protective polymer coatings on lithium metal anodes

Chemical Science ◽

10.1039/d0sc06651f ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hongyao Zhou ◽

Haodong Liu ◽

Xing Xing ◽

Zijun Wang ◽

Sicen Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ion Transport ◽

Transport Mechanism ◽

Polymer Coatings ◽

Rechargeable Batteries ◽

Cycle Life ◽

Lithium Metal ◽

Lithium Metal Anodes ◽

Protective Polymer ◽

Deposition Morphology ◽

Metal Anodes

Protective Polymer Coatings (PPCs) protect lithium metal anodes in rechargeable batteries to stabilize the Li/electrolyte interface and to extend the cycle life by reducing parasitic reactions and improving the lithium deposition morphology.

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Recent Progress and Perspectives of Sodium Metal Anodes for Rechargeable Batteries

Chemical Research in Chinese Universities ◽

10.1007/s40242-021-0449-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hengyi Fang ◽

Suning Gao ◽

Zhuo Zhu ◽

Meng Ren ◽

Quan Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Recent Progress ◽

Rechargeable Batteries ◽

Sodium Metal ◽

Metal Anodes

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Battery-Related Injuries in Children and Adults

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1071181320641405 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 1665-1670

Author(s):

Jacqueline Zimmermann ◽

Danielle King ◽

Caroline Crump

Keyword(s):

Emergency Room ◽

Surveillance System ◽

Rechargeable Batteries ◽

Injury Surveillance ◽

Consumer Product ◽

Age Group ◽

Injury Surveillance System ◽

Probability Sample ◽

Injury Data ◽

Button Cell

The aim of the current study was to analyze the circumstances behind battery injuries, including the mode of injuries experienced (e.g., a shock or consumption), as well as the battery types and products most frequently involved in battery injuries. The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS), a probability sample of US hospitals that collects information from emergency room (ER) visits related to a consumer product, was utilized. Injury data from the NEISS database was coded to identify a) the accident mode that led to the injury, b) the battery type involved, and c) the product that was powered by the battery or charger, if available. The data revealed that battery-related injuries were most often associated with (1) children consuming button cell batteries associated with toys and other household objects, and (2) adults becoming burned when handling vehicle batteries. Surprisingly, injuries associated with rechargeable batteries were the least frequent; however, when burns occurred, they were predominantly related to e- cigarettes, as well as vehicles. Results are discussed in terms of general exposure to specific battery types and products analyzing these battery types within each age group.

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