Formulation of Non-Fired Bricks Made from Secondary Aluminum Ash

The secondary aluminum ash is the black slag left after the primary aluminum ash is extracted from the metal aluminum. To address the environmental pollution and resource waste caused by the accumulation and landfill of aluminum ash, this study fabricated non-fired bricks by using secondary aluminum ash as the principal raw material, which was supplemented by cement, slaked lime, gypsum and engineering sand. The effects of mix proportions of various admixtures on the mechanical properties of non-fired bricks were investigated, and on this basis, the hydration mechanism was analyzed. The results showed that the mix proportions were 68.3% aluminum ash, 11.4% cement, 6.4% slaked lime, 4.2% gypsum and 9.7% engineering sand. The compressive strength of the fabricated bricks reached 22.19 MPa, and their quality indicators were in line with the MU20 requirements for Non-fired Rubbish Gangue Bricks. Evident hydration reaction occurred inside the non-fired bricks, with main products being calcium silicate hydrate (CSH), calcium aluminate hydrate (CAH) and ettringite (AFt). Besides, a dense structure was formed, which enhanced the brick strength.

Estimation SARS-CoV-2 viability in time on experimental surfaces over

Infected SARS-CoV-2 virus occurs not only through contact with an infected person, but also through surfaces with wich the illnes has contacted. The problem of preserving an infectious virus over time capable of infecting remains actual. We evaluated the SARS-CoV-2 viability preservation on different model surfaces over time. Ceramic tiles, metal (aluminum foil), wood (chipboard), plastic and cloth (towel) were used as model materials. Assessment of the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was carried out by quantitative RT-PCR. Viable virus was determined by tissue culture assay on 293T/ACE2 cells. It was found that the SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected on all studied surfaces for 360 minutes, but a significant decrease RNA by 1 log10 copies/ml was detected after contact of the virus with cloth (towel). While the viability of the virus was completely lost after 120 minutes. Type of experimental surface significantly affects viability preservation.

Pengaruh Kecepatan Pengadukan pada Proses Stircasting terhadap Sifat Mekanik pada Paduan Aluminium

<p class="Abstract">The composite material is a material composed of a mixture or combination of two or more of the major elements that macro differ in shape and material composition that basically can not be separated. In this research, the aluminum used was the outcome of production cesspool with the addition of volcanic dust from Mount Kelud by 2% as reinforcement. The stir casting process is the casting process by adding a material (powder form) in pure metal (aluminum), which has been melted and then stirring constantly. After that, the composite materials (the volcanic dust from Mount Kelud) were mixed slowly into the stirred liquid material. In this research, the variations of stirring speed were 0,200,300,400,500 and 600 rpm. The stirring each time for 4 minutes. In this study, the stirring speed in the casting process was 0, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 rpm. Tensile test, Impact test, and microstructure observations were carried out on the casting results. From these tests, the highest modulus of elasticity and impact value was obtained at the 600rpm stirring process. It may due to globular grains are more evenly distributed. And the result of metallographic testing was stirring speed could affect the amount and density of composite grain structure. The faster the stirring, the grain structure was getting smaller and close.</p>

Aluminum Slag Separation Process Analysis Through a Vibratory Machine in the Foundry Process

A The aluminum smelting industry has some challenges, due to the characteristics of the alloy that cause reactions that should be controlled. During the foundry process, the alloy is oxidized by contact of the molten aluminum with the ambient air. Oxide films forming on the surface of the molten metal must be removed during the cleaning of the furnaces in order to avoid contamination of the alloy to be used in the production of parts. Analyzing the melting process of a metallurgy at the industrial complex in Manaus, we saw that during the cleaning of the furnaces a metal tool is used to remove the slag, which brings with it a high level of aluminum brought about by the mechanical drag of the tool. As the company in question does not have resources to recover the metal aluminum contained in the slag, it is destined for the other institution which carried out the processing through the process of refusion of the slag and extraction of aluminum. The high level of losses in the process due to the discarding of slag generates considerable financial damage to the institution, reflected directly in the cost of manufacturing the products. In this way, the aim of the present work was to develop equipment for the extraction of the metal aluminum contained in the slag and consequently to reduce the losses in the process. The design of the equipment was chosen through a product development methodology, which made it possible to define the design specification, which can count on a container for the receipt and separation of the slag by means of the vibration brought on by motorvibrators installed at its ends, followed by a slingshot drawer responsible for the storage of the metal after the solidification and support/translate cars of the containers.

Unraveling intrinsic correlation effects with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

Interaction effects can change materials properties in intriguing ways, and they have, in general, a huge impact on electronic spectra. In particular, satellites in photoemission spectra are pure many-body effects, and their study is of increasing interest in both experiment and theory. However, the intrinsic spectral function is only a part of a measured spectrum, and it is notoriously difficult to extract this information, even for simple metals. Our joint experimental and theoretical study of the prototypical simple metal aluminum demonstrates how intrinsic satellite spectra can be extracted from measured data using angular resolution in photoemission. A nondispersing satellite is detected and explained by electron–electron interactions and the thermal motion of the atoms. Additional nondispersing intensity comes from the inelastic scattering of the outgoing photoelectron. The ideal intrinsic spectral function, instead, has satellites that disperse both in energy and in shape. Theory and the information extracted from experiment describe these features with very good agreement.

Evaluation of Thermal Properties of Certain Flame-Retardant Fabrics Modified with a Magnetron Sputtering Method

The article presents the modification of flame-retardant fabric surfaces made of basalt, Nomex®, and cotton fabric to improve their selected thermal comfort properties. The modification consisted of depositing on the fabric surface by magnetron sputtering the metal (aluminum) and ceramic (zirconium (IV) oxide) coatings with a thickness of 1 μm and 5 μm. Flame-retardant fabrics have been chosen because of the desire to apply them to gloves intended for the use in hot-work environments. The article presents the results of testing reference samples and their modifications, which were subjected to the test of resistance to contact heat for contact temperatures of 100°C and 250°C, resistance to thermal radiation and examined their selected thermal comfort parameters, i.e., the thermal conductivity coefficient and heat absorption coefficient. Almost the 1st efficiency level for contact heat was reached for basalt fabric coated with zirconium (IV) oxide with a thickness of 5 μm. The 1st level of protection against heat radiation was obtained for all reference and modified samples. Based on the Kruskal–Wallis test, it was noticed that a significant change in parameter values is caused by the modification with 5 μm thick coating.

Macro-Micro Analysis on 2-Layer Semiautomatic MIG Welding of AA5052 Material Using ER5356 Electrode

Lightweight structures have widely been used due to their weight saving. Aluminum alloys are among the alternative for their material, and they are mostly manufactured by employing welding process using the same filler material as the base metal. Aluminum welding process can be conducted employing 2-layer semiautomatic MIG when the thickness of the plate is no more than 5 mm. Porosity in aluminum alloy welding is considerably difficult to avoid due to hydrogen and oxygen environment. Macro-micro analyses on 2-layer semiautomatic MIG welding of AA5052 material using ER5356 electrode have been carried out. A pair of AA5052 plates of 400 mm x 75 mm x 5 mm were clamped at three points of one side and welded using 2-layer semiautomatic MIG welding using ER5356 filler such that angular distortion can happen. Welding speed of 6, 7, and 8 mm/s using electrical voltage of 23 Volt, current of 130 Ampere, filler diameter of 0.8 mm, and shielded using argon gas. After completion of the welding, angular distortion was measured using dial indicator possessing accuracy of 0.01 mm. Welding result was micro-Vickers (VHN0.1) hardness, tension and Charpy impact, as well as micro structure using OM and SEM-EDS. The highest tensile strength was found at welding speed of 7 mm/s, angular distortion of 6.780, average VHN0.1 of the BM, HAZ, and WM of 47.82, 49.14, and 51.75, respectively. Tensile strength of 156.5 MPa and joint efficiency of 70%, BM failure strain of 17%, Charpy impact of 0.26 J/mm2. SEM-EDX at spot shows that the amount of Mg is not significant for being Al2Mg3 precipitate such that Vickers hardness distribution do not show any difference among BM, HAZ, and WM.

Influencing Factors of Aluminum Futures Price and Forecast Arbitrage

<p>With the rapid development of China’s social economy, the development of related industries has driven the rapid growth of aluminum consumption. As the second largest metal, aluminum products have been integrated into real life and widely used in aerospace, construction, transportation, electricity, packaging and other fields. This paper takes Shanghai Aluminum Continuous Futures (AL7777) as an example to study its influencing factors and arbitrage possibilities.</p>