Assessment of hand-grip and key-pinch strength at three arm positions among healthy college students: Dominant versus non-dominant hand

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in global smartphone usage driven by different purposes. This study aimed to explore the effect of smartphone usage on neck muscle (flexors and extensors) endurance, hand grip, and pinch strength among young, healthy college students. In total, 40 male students were recruited for this study; 20 of them belonged to the smartphone-addicted group, while the other 20 were in the non-addicted group based on their smartphone addiction scale—short version (SAS-SV) scores (the threshold for determining smartphone addiction: 31/60). Neck flexor endurance time, the ability to perform a neck extensor muscle endurance test, and hand and pinch grip strength were assessed. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to assess between-group differences in the mean values of neck flexor endurance time, hand grip, and pinch grip. A significant group effect (Wilks’ lambda = 0.51, F (5,34) = 6.34, p = 0.001, partial eta squared = 0.48) was found. A decrease in neck flexor endurance time was observed in the smartphone-addicted group compared with that of the non-addicted group (p < 0.001). However, there was no notable difference in the neck extensor muscle endurance test or in hand grip and pinch grip strength of both hands between groups (p > 0.05). Using a smartphone for a prolonged time might affect neck flexor muscle endurance; however, more research is needed to explore the long-term effects of using smartphones on neck muscle endurance and hand/pinch grip strength and the risk of developing upper limb neuromusculoskeletal dysfunction.

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Gender and Handedness in Grip Strength — A Double Whammy for Females

Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193128703100813 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 31 (8) ◽

pp. 906-910 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Glenn D. Miller ◽

Andris Freivalds

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Hand Grip Strength ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Male And Female ◽

Female Workers ◽

Left Handedness ◽

Left Handed ◽

Hand Grip

With increasing number of women entering into jobs traditionally held by men, it has been found that tools and equipment originally deisgned for the “average man” do not fit women, smaller mean or other persons. Thirty college students (7 females, 8 dominant left handed males and 8 dominant right handed males) squeezed alternately with both dominant and non-dominant hands twice a Lafayette dynamometer at 5 grip span settings. The results indicated that grip strength increased with increasing grip span up to the preferred grip span. Female grip strength was 53% of male grip strength. The non-dominant hand produced 89.6% of dominant hand grip strength. More interestingly both male and female left handers exihibited nearly identical grip strengths for both hands, leading one to suspect that left handed people are being forced to adapt to a right handed world. It thus appears that certain female workers may be at a double disadvantage with gender and left handedness reducing grip strength by 2/3. However, tools and equipment can be modified to accommodate weaker individuals.

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Comparison of Grip and Pinch Strength between Dominant and Non-dominant Hand according to Type of Handedness of Female College Students

Journal of international academy of physical therapy research ◽

10.5854/jiaptr.2011.2.1.201 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 201-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ji-Sung Kim ◽

Sa-Gyeom Lee ◽

Sung-Kyu Park ◽

Sang-Min Lee ◽

Bo-Kyung Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Female College Students ◽

Pinch Strength ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Female College

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Association of Age with Hand Grip Strength, Pinch Strength and Reaction Time in Gynaecologists and Obstetricians

International Journal of Health Sciences and Research ◽

10.52403/ijhsr.20211221 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 157-161

Author(s):

Roopa Desai ◽

Jagruti v ◽

Shilpa Khandare

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Hand Grip Strength ◽

Pinch Strength ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Pinch Grip ◽

Hand Grip ◽

Key Words Age ◽

Literature Evidence ◽

Prolonged Reaction Time

According to scientific literature, evidence of relationship exists between dexterity and age. With increasing age, the performances get slower, less smooth, less coordinated and less controlled. Lesser the reaction time, better is the achievement seen sports, music, driving, academics and also in day-to-day activities. We can always predict reacting abilities of an individual based on his reaction time. In case of surgeons, this helps us to identify the surgeons with prolonged reaction time and identify the cause. Some studies suggest that there is direct relationship that exists between muscle strength and increased age. Aim: This study aimed in assessing the association of age with hand grip strength, pinch strength and reaction time in Gynaecologists and Obstetricians. Methods: This study involved 30 Gynaecologists and Obstetricians. Hand grip strength, Pinch Grip Strength and Reaction time were assessed on both dominant and non- dominant hand. Results: The result showed positive correlation of age with hand grip strength and pinch strength and negative correlation of age with reaction in Gynaecologists and Obstetricians. Conclusion: There is low association of age with hand grip strength and pinch strength, there is reduction in reaction time as age increases in Gynaecologists and Obstetricians. Key words: Age, Hand grip strength, Pinch Grip Strength, Reaction time, Gynecologists.

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Involvement of the wrist and hand joints and tendons in an Egyptian systemic lupus erythematosus cohort

Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation ◽

10.1186/s43166-020-00030-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Omneya Mohamed-Ayman Abdel-Moniem ◽

Sherine El-Sherif ◽

Mohamed Sami Barakat ◽

Diaa Fahmy Mohasseb ◽

Yousra Hisham Abdel-Fattah

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Power Doppler ◽

Pinch Strength ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Hand Grip ◽

Asymptomatic Patients ◽

Subclinical Synovitis

Abstract Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients often suffer hand function limitations even in the absence of symptoms related to joint or tendon disorders. Recent researches reported the presence of ultrasonographic (US) subclinical synovitis and tendon involvement in asymptomatic patients. We aimed to assess US patterns in SLE patients and determine their relationship with clinical assessment, disease activity and hand functional status using handheld dynamometry. Results We assessed 30 SLE patients (60 hands) using US; 21 (70%) patient had synovial hypertrophy, 8 (26%) showed a power Doppler (PD) activity, 6 (20%) had erosions and 11 (36.6%) had tendon US abnormality. Both patients with hand arthralgia/arthritis (symptomatic) and patients without arthralgia/arthritis (asymptomatic) had a statistically insignificant difference regarding the global synovitis score (p = 0.2) and disease activity (p = 0.3). However, the symptomatic group had a significantly increased number of joints with effusion (p = 0.04) and tendons involved (p = 0.04). The mean grip strength had a significant negative correlation with SLEDAI-2 K score (rs = − 0.4, p = 0.02) in the total patient group. In the asymptomatic group, a negative correlation was found between both mean grip (rs = − 0.5, p = 0.04) and pinch strength (rs = − 0.6, p = 0.01) with PD index, and mean pinch strength with the Jaccoud’s arthropathy index (rs = − 0.49, p = 0.05). Conclusions SLE patients may have higher subclinical synovitis, erosions and tendon involvement than expected, which may in turn reduce hand grip and pinch strength. Disease activity may also have a negative impact on the hand grip functional strength.

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Correlation between thumb length on handgrip strength, hand dexterity and musculoskeletal problem among dental professional

Brazilian Dental Science ◽

10.14295/bds.2016.v19i2.1171 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 23 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tilak Francis ◽

Siva Anandhi

Keyword(s):

Grip Strength ◽

Musculoskeletal Disorder ◽

Hand Grip Strength ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Work Related ◽

Finger Dexterity ◽

Hand Grip ◽

Dental Practitioners ◽

Dental Professional ◽

Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorder

Objective: The key factor for potency of the teeth is their muscular strength. The dominant hand plays an important role in most of the daily muscular activities involving dental procedure. There are many factors, which may affect the grip strength, and very few studies especially in India have shown their correlation with grip strength. Work related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSD) are an important occupational health problem affecting dental practitioners. This study assessed the prevalence of WRMSD in dental interns in relation to the thumb length and hand grip strength. Material and Methods: Thumb length template, jammer dynamometer, nine-hole peg board, and RULA assessment. Methods: Thumb length was measured by thumb length template. Grip strength was measured by jammer dynamometer, unilateral hand finger dexterity was measured by nine-hole pegboard, and work related musculoskeletal disorder was assessed by RULA. Results: Thumb length was positively correlated with grip strength and work related musculoskeletal disorder. Thumb length was negatively correlated with unilateral hand finger dexterity among dental professionals. Conclusion: Thumb length is a better predictor for measuring hand grip strength and work related musculoskeletal disorder, than unilateral hand finger dexterity.KeywordsDental professional; Hand grip strength; Thumb length; Unilateral hand finger dexterity; Work related musculoskeletal disorder.

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A pilot study investigating the effect of pedalling exercise during dialysis on 6-min walking test and hand grip and pinch strength

The International Journal of Artificial Organs ◽

10.1177/0391398818823761 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 161-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manasi Desai ◽

Ahmed Mohamed ◽

Andrew Davenport

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Muscle Function ◽

Exercise Programme ◽

Hand Grip Strength ◽

Pinch Strength ◽

Cycling Exercise ◽

Walking Test ◽

Hand Grip

Introduction: Haemodialysis patients are at an increased risk of sarcopenia. Physical inactivity is now recognised as a major cause of muscle wasting in haemodialysis patients. It is unclear as to what and how much exercise is required to show benefit. We therefore performed a pilot study of cycling during haemodialysis. Methods: Patients underwent a progressive submaximal individualised cycling exercise, 3× a week during haemodialysis for 4 months using bed-cycle ergometers. Body composition was measured by multifrequency segmental bioimpedance and muscle function by 6-min walking test, and hand grip strength and pinch strength. Results: In total, 56% of patients in a dialysis centre fulfilled exercise study inclusion criteria and 13 (72.2%) of 18 patients completed the exercise programme, with the mean age of 64.0 ± 16.6 years and 76.9% being male. The 6-min walking test increased following exercise from 349 ± 105 to 398 ± 94.2 m, p < 0.05, as did both hand grip strength and pinch strength, with 20.4 ± 9.1 versus 23.4 ± 9.9 kg, p < 0.01, and 4.3 ± 1.8 versus 5.9 ± 2.4 kg, p < 0.05, respectively. There were no changes in appendicular muscle mass or other body composition detected with bioimpedance in either the exercise group, or 21 control patients, propensity matched for body composition, comorbidity and frailty. Muscle strength did not change in the control group. Haemodialysis sessional Kt/Vurea was greater at the end of the exercise programme compared to controls (1.63 ± 0.63 vs 1.21 ± 0.12, p < 0.01). Conclusion: The majority of dialysis centre patients met our exercise study entry criteria and could potentially benefit from cycling during haemodialysis. We found that muscle function and strength improved after a 4-month, thrice weekly cycling exercise programme.

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Effect of Exercise and/or Fitness Education on Fitness in Older, Sedentary, Obese Women

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.4.1.42 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 42-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Patricia A. Gillett ◽

Andrea T. White ◽

Michael S. Caserta

Keyword(s):

Muscular Strength ◽

Aerobic Training ◽

Aerobic Power ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Obese Women ◽

Hand Grip ◽

Fitness Education ◽

Resting Blood Pressure ◽

Health And Fitness ◽

And Control

This paper reports on fitness changes in sedentary, obese (MBMI = 32.0 kg/m2), 60- to 70-year-old women following 4 months of exercise-based intervention. One hundred eighty-two women were randomly assigned to the following groups: health and fitness education (ED) (n= 70), health and fitness education combined with aerobic training (EX) (n= 76), and control (CO) (n= 36). Pre- and postintervention assessments included predicted VO2max, body composition, resting blood pressure, muscular strength, and flexibility. Significant improvements in aerobic power (31.9%,p< .001), percent body fat (−5.4%,p< .05), and dominant hand-grip strength (4.1%,p< .001) were found in EX compared to ED and CO. Also observed was a significant improvement in flexibility for both EX (13.8%) and ED (12.5%,p< .01) compared to CO. Ninety percent (n= 164) of the women adhered to the program. Program factors contributing to adherence are discussed.

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How does simulation of an observed external body state influence categorisation of an easily graspable object?

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology ◽

10.1177/1747021818801484 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 72 (6) ◽

pp. 1466-1477

Author(s):

Denis Brouillet ◽

Arthur-Henri Michalland ◽

Ronan Guerineau ◽

Mooruth Draushika ◽

Guillaume Thebault

Keyword(s):

Response Times ◽

Second Phase ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Pain Mechanisms ◽

Hand Grip ◽

Group 2 ◽

Two Phases ◽

Response Group ◽

Power Grasp ◽

Motor Programme

Several works have provided evidence of a resonant motor effect while observing a hand interacting with painful stimuli. The aim of this work is to show that participants are sensitive to the observation of an injured hand when they have to categorise an easily graspable object with their own hand. In Experiment 1, participants indicated whether or not photographs of objects (graspable or non-graspable, left or right oriented) could be grasped with their dominant hand, by tapping a key on a keyboard. Target objects were preceded by primes consisting of photographs of hands (injured vs healthy) in a grasping posture (power grasp). Experiment 2 consisted of two phases: In the first phase, participants had to categorise square or circle shapes. After their response (Group 1: tapping a key vs Group 2: constricting a hand grip), photograph of two types of hand (injured vs healthy) was displayed on the computer screen. In the second phase, participants had to indicate whether objects could be easily grasped with their dominant hand. Target objects were preceded by primes (square and circle) as shown in the first phase. Results show that response times were slower when the graspable target objects were right oriented and preceded by the photograph or a geometric shape associated with an injured hand. This response delay was accentuated in the handgrip condition. These results highlight that the view of an injured hand activates motor programme and pain mechanisms associated with participants relative to the consequences of the simulated grasping action.

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Measurement of Muscle Strength in Haemodialysis Patients by Pinch and Hand Grip Strength and Comparison to Lean Body Mass Measured by Multifrequency Bio-Electrical Impedance

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1159/000447023 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 68 (4) ◽

pp. 268-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Yukie Omichi ◽

Methavee Srivareerat ◽

Kwanpeemai Panorchan ◽

George H.B. Greenhall ◽

Sanjana Gupta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Cell Mass ◽

Hand Grip Strength ◽

Whole Body ◽

Pinch Strength ◽

Segmental Body ◽

Hand Grip ◽

Total Body ◽

Venous Fistula

Background: Muscle weakness is a risk factor for mortality in haemodialysis (HD) patients; we wished to determine whether measuring the composition of the arm with bioimpedance was associated with arm muscle strength. Methods: We measured pinch strength (PS) and hand grip strength (HGS) in 250 adult HD patients with corresponding post-dialysis multifrequency bioelectrical assessments with segmental body analysis. Results: Mean age 64.0 ± 15.6, 66% male and 45.6% diabetic. The maximum HGS in the dominant or non-fistula arm was 18.9 ± 9.2 kg and PS 4.09 ± 1.96 kg respectively, with a correlation of r = 0.80, p < 0.001. HGS was associated with body cell mass (β 0.37, p < 0.001) and PS with appendicular muscle mass (β 0.06, p < 0.001). Both HGS and PS were independently associated with the ratio of extracellular water (ECW) to total body water (TBW); β -139.5, p = 0.024, β -44.8, p < 0.001 in the arm. The presence of an arterio-venous fistula increased the ECW/TBW ratio in the arm from 0.383 ± 0.009 to 0.390 ± 0.012, p < 0.05. Conclusion: Muscle strength measured by HGS and PS was associated with both markers of whole body and segmental body composition within the arm, particularly ECW/TBW. Bioimpedance measurements and assessment of muscle strength should be measured in the non-fistula arm.

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