Discharge coefficient of side weirs on converging channels using extreme learning machine modeling method

Measurement ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 107321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohrab Zarei ◽  
Fariborz Yosefvand ◽  
Saeid Shabanlou
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Gharib ◽  
Majeid Heydari ◽  
Saeid Kardar ◽  
Saeid Shabanlou

AbstractSide weirs are broadly used in irrigation channels, drainage systems and sewage disposal canals for controlling and adjusting the flow in main channels. In this study, a new artificial intelligence model entitled “self-adaptive extreme learning machine” (SAELM) is developed for simulating the discharge coefficient of side weirs located upon rectangular channels. Also, the Monte Carlo simulations are implemented for assessing the abilities of the numerical models. It should be noted that the k-fold cross-validation approach is used for validating the results obtained from the numerical models. Based on the parameters affecting the discharge coefficient, six artificial intelligence models are defined. The examination of the numerical models exhibits that such models simulate the discharge coefficient valued with acceptable accuracy. For instance, mean absolute error and root mean square error for the superior model are computed 0.022 and 0.027, respectively. The best SAELM model predicts the discharge coefficient values in terms of Froude number (Fd), ratio of the side weir height to the downstream depth (w/hd), ratio of the channel width at downstream to the downstream depth (bd/hd) and ratio of the side weir length to the downstream depth (L/hd). Based on the sensitivity analysis results, the Froude number of the side weir downstream is identified as the most influencing input parameter. Lastly, a matrix is presented to estimate the discharge coefficient of side weirs on convergent channels.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Mohammed Majeed Hameed ◽  
Mohamed Khalid AlOmar ◽  
Faidhalrahman Khaleel ◽  
Nadhir Al-Ansari

Despite modern advances used to estimate the discharge coefficient ( C d ), it is still a major challenge for hydraulic engineers to accurately determine C d for side weirs. In this study, extra tree regression (ETR) was used to predict the C d of rectangular sharp-crested side weirs depending on hydraulic and geometrical parameters. The prediction capacity of the ETR model was validated with two predictive models, namely, extreme learning machine (ELM) and random forest (RF). The quantitative assessment revealed that the ETR model achieved the highest accuracy in the predictions compared to other applied models, and also, it exhibited excellent agreement between measured and predicted C d (correlation coefficient is 0.9603). Moreover, the ETR achieved 6.73% and 22.96% higher prediction accuracy in terms of root mean square error in comparison to ELM and RF, respectively. Furthermore, the performed sensitivity analysis shows that the geometrical parameter such as b/B has the most influence on C d . Overall, the proposed model (ETR) is found to be a suitable, practical, and qualified computer-aid technology for C d modeling that may contribute to enhance the basic knowledge of hydraulic considerations.


Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 4470
Author(s):  
Zhu ◽  
Zhu ◽  
Guo ◽  
Jiang ◽  
Sun

The analytical model (AM) of suspension force in a bearingless flywheel machine has model mismatch problems due to magnetic saturation and rotor eccentricity. A numerical modeling method based on the differential evolution (DE) extreme learning machine (ELM) is proposed in this paper. The representative input and output sample set are obtained by finite-element analysis (FEA) and principal component analysis (PCA), and the numerical model of suspension force is obtained by training ELM. Additionally, the DE algorithm is employed to optimize the ELM parameters to improve the model accuracy. Finally, absolute error (AE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) are introduced as evaluation indexes to conduct comparative analyses with other commonly-used machine learning algorithms, such as k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), the back propagation (BP) algorithm, and support vector machines (SVMs). The results show that, compared with the above algorithm, the proposed method has smaller fitting and prediction errors; the RMSE value is just 22.88% of KNN, 39.90% of BP, and 58.37% of SVM, which verifies the effectiveness and validity of the proposed numerical modeling method.


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