Effect of feeding on fatty acid composition of muscles and adipose tissues in young goats raised in the Argan tree forest of Morocco

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been reported as having body fat lowering properties and the ability to modulate the inflammatory system in several models. In the present study, the effects of CLA added to saturated fat diets, from vegetable and animal origins, on the serum adipokine profile of obese Zucker rats were assessed. In addition, the fatty acid composition of epididymal and retroperitoneal adipose tissues was determined and a principal component analysis (PCA) was used to assess possible relationships between fatty acids and serum metabolites. Atherogenic diets (2 % cholesterol) were formulated with palm oil and ovine fat and supplemented or not with 1 % of a mixture (1:1) ofcis-9,trans-11 andtrans-10,cis-12-CLA isomers. CLA-fed animals exhibited lower daily feed intake, final body and liver weights, and hepatic lipids content. Total and LDL-cholesterol levels were increased in CLA-supplemented groups. CLA also promoted higher adiponectin and lower plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) serum concentrations. In contrast to palm oil diets, ovine fat increased insulin resistance and serum levels of leptin, TNF-α and IL-1β. Epididymal and retroperitoneal adipose tissues had similar deposition of individual fatty acids. The PCA analysis showed that thetrans-10,cis-12-CLA isomer was highly associated with adiponectin and PAI-1 levels. Summing up, CLA added to vegetable saturated enriched diets, relative to those from animal origin, seems to improve the serum profile of adipokines and inflammatory markers in obese Zucker rats due to a more favourable fatty acid composition.

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The effect of feeding system on slaughter-carcass characteristics, meat quality, and fatty acid composition of lambs

Archives Animal Breeding ◽

10.5194/aab-59-121-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 121-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Serhat Karaca ◽

Ayhan Yılmaz ◽

Aşkın Kor ◽

Mehmet Bingöl ◽

İsa Cavidoğlu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Intramuscular Fat ◽

Feeding System ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Fat Deposits ◽

Effect Of Feeding

Abstract. In this study, we aimed to determine the slaughter-carcass characteristics, meat quality, and fatty acid composition in lambs raised under intensive and extensive conditions. The animal material consisted of 30 Norduz male lambs, with an average age of 171 days. The lambs were divided into two groups: concentrate-fed lambs (CO) and pasture-fed lambs (PS). The results showed that the CO lambs had heavier carcasses (p< 0.001), a higher dressing percentage (p< 0.001), and higher intramuscular fat (p< 0.01) than the PS lambs. It was determined that the longissimus thoracis muscle of the CO lambs had a lower ultimate pH and higher L* and water-holding capacity than the PS lambs. In this study, intramuscular fat (longissimus thoracis, semimembranosus, triceps brachii), subcutaneous and tail fat samples were used to evaluate the effect of feeding system on fatty acid composition. The polyunsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid ratio (PUFA ∕ SFA) of intramuscular fat was found to be significantly higher in the CO group than in the PS lambs, while similar subcutaneous and tail fat results were found in both groups. Moreover, the PS lambs had a lower n6 ∕ n3 ratio and higher percentage of omega-3 than the CO lambs in all tissues studied (p< 0.05). Overall, the CO lambs have heavier and fattier carcasses with better meat quality traits than the PS lambs. However, the effects of feeding system have varying results based on the fatty acid composition of different types of fat deposits.

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Fatty acid profiles in adipose tissues and liver differ between horses and ponies

10.1101/463018 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Stephanie Adolph ◽

Carola Schedlbauer ◽

Dominique Blaue ◽

Axel Schöniger ◽

Claudia Gittel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Liver Tissue ◽

Lipid Extraction ◽

Lipid Classes ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Health And Disease

AbstractFatty acids, as key components of cellular membranes and complex lipids, may play a central role in endocrine signalling and the function of adipose tissue and liver. Thus, the lipid fatty acid composition may play a role in health and disease status in the equine. This study aimed to investigate the fatty acid composition of different tissues and liver lipid classes by comparing Warmblood horses and Shetland ponies under defined conditions. We hypothesized that ponies show different lipid patterns than horses in adipose tissue, liver and plasma. Six Warmblood horses and six Shetland ponies were housed and fed under identical conditions. Tissue and blood sampling were performed following a standardized protocol. A one-step lipid extraction, methylation and trans-esterification method with subsequent gas chromatography was used to analyse the total lipid content and fatty acid profile of retroperitoneal, mesocolon and subcutaneous adipose tissue, liver and plasma. In the adipose tissues, saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and n-9 monounsaturated fatty acids (n-9 MUFAs) were most present in ponies and horses. N-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFAs), followed by SFAs, were most frequently found in liver tissue and plasma in all animals. Horses, in comparison to ponies, had significantly higher n-6 PUFA levels in all tissues and plasma. In liver tissue, horses had significantly lower hepatic iso-branched-chain fatty acids (iso-BCFAs) than ponies. The hepatic fatty acid composition of selected lipid classes was different between horses and ponies. In the polar PL fraction, horses had low n-9 MUFA and n-3 PUFA contents but higher n-6 PUFA contents than ponies. Furthermore, iso-BCFAs are absent in several hepatic lipid fractions of horses but not ponies. The differences in fatty acid lipid classes between horses and ponies provide key information on the species- and location-specific regulation of FA metabolism, thus affecting health and disease risk.

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Plasma Fatty Acid Composition Was Associated with Apelin Gene Expression in Human Adipose Tissues

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2021/8846483 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Emad Yuzbashian ◽

Golaleh Asghari ◽

Nilofar Beheshti ◽

Mehdi Hedayati ◽

Maryam Zarkesh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Plasma Concentration ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Positive Association ◽

Plasma Fatty Acid ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Plasma Fatty Acid Composition

Background. Apelin is an adipokine with an intermediatory role in obesity and insulin resistance, which can be modified by dietary intake. Aims. In this study, we aimed to determine the association of the plasma fatty acid composition with apelin plasma concentration and gene expression in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissues. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 179 patients aged 19-75 years who were candidates for elective surgery. Through the surgery, SAT and VAT were collected to measure apelin gene expression. Anthropometric measurements, fasting blood samples, and dietary intakes were collected before surgery. Free fatty acids (FFAs) in fasting whole plasma were measured using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Linear regression models were used to estimate standardized β (STZ β ) showing the association of individual and total FFAs with apelin gene expression after adjustment for potential confounding variables. Results. In multivariable analysis, we observed a significant positive association of total plasma free fatty acids (FFAs) (STZ β = 0.241 , P = 0.006 ), saturated fatty acid (SFA) (STZ β = 0.336 , P < 0.001 ), and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) (STZ β = 0.313 , P < 0.001 ) concentrations with apelin gene expression from VAT after controlling for age, sex, body mass index, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), physical activity, and energy intake. In the SFA family, there was a direct association with plasma concentration of myristic acid (STZ β = 0.372 , P < 0.001 ), pentadecanoic acid ( STZ β = 0.252 , P = 0.002 ), and heptadecanoic acid (STZ β = 0.407 , P < 0.001 ) with apelin mRNA expression in VAT. There was no significant association between FFAs and apelin plasma concentration and SAT mRNA levels. Conclusions. In conclusion, circulating plasma FFAs, SFA, and MUFA had a positive association with apelin gene expression in VAT. It seems that plasma fatty acid composition may regulate apelin gene expression in VAT.

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