Consumers' segmentation based on the acceptability of meat from entire male pigs with different boar taint levels in four European countries: France, Italy, Spain and United Kingdom

The article analyzes the effectiveness of the audio-visual regulation and assesses the different arguments for and against the existence of the broadcasting authorities at the state level. The debate of the necessity of a Spanish organism of regulation is still active. Most of the European countries have created some competent authorities, like the OFCOM in United Kingdom and the CSA in France. In Spain, the broadcasting regulation is developed by regional organisms, like the Consejo Audiovisual de Navarra, the Consejo Audiovisual de Andalucía and the Consell de l’Audiovisual de Catalunya (CAC), whose case is also studied in this article. El artículo analiza la efectividad de la regulación audiovisual y valora los diversos argumentos a favor y en contra de la existencia de consejos reguladores a nivel estatal. El debate sobre la necesidad de un organismo de este calado en España todavía persiste. La mayoría de los países comunitarios se han dotado de consejos competentes en esta materia, como es el caso del OFCOM en el Reino Unido o el CSA en Francia. En España, la regulación audiovisual se limita a organismos de alcance autonómico, como son el Consejo Audiovisual de Navarra, el de Andalucía y el Consell de l’Audiovisual de Catalunya (CAC), cuyo modelo también es abordado en este artículo.

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Meat production from entire male pigs: Performance, meat quality and alternatives to boar taint

Annales de Zootechnie ◽

10.1051/animres:19880341 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 203-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. BONNEAU

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Boar Taint ◽

Meat Production ◽

Entire Male

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Analysis on the participation of the main sovereign wealth funds in European listed companies

Finance, Markets and Valuation ◽

10.46503/jgvq7340 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

L. Gómez-Pavón Durán

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

United Kingdom ◽

Home Country ◽

European Countries ◽

Company Size ◽

Economic Sector ◽

Sovereign Wealth Funds ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Determining Factors ◽

The One

The aim of this study is to conduct an analysis of the investment made by the fifteen largest sovereign wealth funds on listed European companies. The analysis is divided into two sections: a descriptive one and a statistical one. The methodology used for this purpose consisted of mining data from Orbis database and running a binomial logistic regression. The main results show that, in the first place, the Norwegian fund is the one that invests in a larger amount of companies and European countries. Another significant result indicates that the United Kingdom is the country that receives the most investment. Finally, the results lead also to the conclusion that, concerning investing, sovereign wealth funds are influenced by a set of factors such as company size, profitability, and leverage, whereas the company’s home country and the economic sector it belongs are not determining factors.

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A comparison of coronavirus disease 2019 and seasonal influenza surveillance in five European countries: France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom

10.22541/au.163629278.88925629/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hélène Bricout ◽

Rigoine de Fougerolles Thierry ◽

Joan Puig-Barbera ◽

Georges Kassianos ◽

Philippe Vanhems ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Medical Information ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Data Communication ◽

European Countries ◽

World Health ◽

Influenza Surveillance ◽

Molecular Testing ◽

Surveillance Systems ◽

The United Kingdom

Background: In response to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak that unfolded across Europe in 2020, the World Health Organisation called for repurposing existing influenza surveillance systems to monitor COVID-19. This analysis aimed to compare descriptively the extent to which influenza surveillance systems were adapted and enhanced, and how COVID-19 surveillance could ultimately benefit or disrupt routine influenza surveillance. Methods: We used a previously developed framework in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom to describe COVID-19 surveillance and its impact on influenza surveillance. The framework divides surveillance systems into 7 sub-systems and 20 comparable outcomes of interest, and uses 5 evaluation criteria based on WHO guidance. Information on influenza and COVID-19 surveillance systems were collected from publicly available resources shared by European and national public health agencies. Results: Overall, non-medically attended, virological, primary care and mortality surveillance were adapted in most countries to monitor COVID-19, whilst community, outbreak, and hospital surveillance were reinforced in all countries. Data granularity improved, with more detailed demographic and medical information recorded. A shift to systematic notification for cases and deaths enhanced both geographic and population representativeness whilst the sampling strategy benefited from the roll out of widespread molecular testing. Data communication was greatly enhanced, contributing to improved public awareness. Conclusions: Well-established influenza surveillance systems are a key component of pandemic preparedness and their upgrade allowed European countries to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, uncertainties remain on how both influenza and COVID-19 surveillance can be jointly and durably implemented.

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Mapping Film Programming across Post-War Europe (1952)

Research Data Journal for the Humanities and Social Sciences ◽

10.1163/24523666-00502009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 109-125

Author(s):

Thunnis van Oort ◽

Åsa Jernudd ◽

Kathleen Lotze ◽

Clara Pafort-Overduin ◽

Daniël Biltereyst ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Data Collection ◽

European Countries ◽

Global Level ◽

Research Projects ◽

Data Set ◽

Aggregated Data ◽

Feature Films ◽

Post War

Abstract This data paper and the data collection from which it emerges aim to present a fully harmonized data set originating in several research projects on post-war cinema programming. The paper will reflect on the collection and structure of this aggregated data set, that consists of titles of feature films screened for public viewing in cinemas in the cities Bari (Italy), Antwerp and Ghent (Belgium), Gothenburg (Sweden), Leicester (United Kingdom) and Rotterdam (Netherlands) for the year 1952. As comparisons of movie-going patterns between European countries are still rare, this paper offers a model for constructing a data set which can be replicated, scaled up and used to compare, contextualize, and eventually theorize practices of cinema-going across countries at a global level.

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The current COVID-19 wave will likely be mitigated in the second-line European countries

10.1101/2020.04.17.20069179 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

S. Soubeyrand ◽

M. Ribaud ◽

V. Baudrot ◽

D. Allard ◽

D. Pommeret ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Mixture Model ◽

European Countries ◽

Systems Science ◽

Second Line ◽

University Center ◽

The Future ◽

Population Structures ◽

Data Driven Approach ◽

Using Data

AbstractObjectiveCountries presently apply different strategies to control the COVID-19 outbreak. Differences in population structures, decision making, health systems and numerous other factors result in various trajectories in terms of mortality at country scale. Our objective in this manuscript is to disentangle the future of second-line European countries (i.e. countries that present, today, a moderate death rate) with respect to the current COVID-19 wave.MethodWe propose a data-driven approach, grounded on a mixture model, to forecast the dynamics of the number of deaths from COVID-19 in a given focal country using data from countries that are ahead in time in terms of COVID-19-induced mortality. In this approach, the mortality curves of ahead-in-time countries are used to build predictors, which are then used as the components of the mixture model. This approach was applied to eight second-line European countries (Austria, Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Poland, Portugal, Romania and Sweden), using Belgium, France, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom as well as the Hubei province in China to build predictors. For this analysis, we used data pooled by the Johns Hopkins University Center for Systems Science and Engineering.ResultsIn general, the second-line European countries tend to follow relatively mild mortality curves (typically, those of Switzerland and Hubei) rather than fast and severe ones (typically, those of Spain, Italy, Belgium, France and the United Kingdom). From a methodological viewpoint, the performance of our forecasting approach is about 80% up to 8 days in the future, as soon as the focal country has accumulated at least two hundreds of deaths.DiscussionOur results suggest that the continuation of the current COVID-19 wave across Europe will likely be mitigated, and not as strong as it was in most of the front-line countries first impacted by the wave.

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Determinants of Capital Structure: United Kingdom Versus Continental European Countries

Journal of International Financial Management and Accounting ◽

10.1111/jifm.12020 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 237-270 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Miguel A. Acedo-Ramírez ◽

Francisco J. Ruiz-Cabestre

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Capital Structure ◽

European Countries

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PSX-A-27 Late-Breaking: The sulfatase mediated regeneration of androstenone from androstenone sulfate in boar fat

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab235.688 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 376-376

Author(s):

Christine Bone ◽

E James Squires

Keyword(s):

Leydig Cells ◽

High Performance ◽

Boar Taint ◽

Pork Products ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Sulfatase Activity ◽

Steroid Sulfate ◽

Student’S T ◽

Entire Male ◽

Student’S T Test

Abstract Boar taint is an off-odour or off-flavour that develops in heated pork products from entire male pigs, which is caused by the accumulation of androstenone, a sex pheromone, in the fat. However, we have previously demonstrated that a significant amount of androstenone undergoes sulfoconjugation upon synthesis in the Leydig cells and circulates in the plasma primarily as a polar steroid sulfate. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if androstenone sulfate can be deconjugated within the adipose tissue by the sulfatase enzyme to return free androstenone and indirectly contribute to the development of boar taint. Backfat was obtained from 6-month-old terminal cross [Duroc x (Landrace x Yorkshire)] boars that had high (n=4) or low (n=4) sulfatase expression as determined by RT-PCR. Sulfatase activity in the fat was measured by quantifying the conversion of androstenone sulfate to free androstenone. Backfat was homogenized and the supernatant was incubated with [3H]-androstenone sulfate for 24-hours. Androstenone was extracted from the incubation using ether and steroid conversion was quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Additionally, fat androstenone concentrations were quantified using an established HPLC procedure. Statistical analysis was conducted using a Student’s t-test. There was a significant difference (p=0.04) in the expression of sulfatase between the high (2.99 ± 0.67) and low (1.21 ± 0.19) sulfatase boars and the percentage of androstenone sulfate that was converted to free androstenone was proportional to the expression of sulfatase. Interestingly, the expression of sulfatase was positively related to the concentration of androstenone in the fat in boars with high sulfatase expression; however, this relation was not as strong in animals with low sulfatase expression. These preliminary results suggest that the development of boar taint may occur indirectly through the deconjugation of androstenone sulfate in boars with high expression of sulfatase in the fat.

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The Demography of CAPD in Europe

Peritoneal Dialysis International ◽

10.1177/089686088400402s01 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 4 (2_suppl) ◽

pp. 80-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

AJ Wing ◽

R Moore ◽

FP Brunner ◽

C Jacobs ◽

P Kramer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

United Kingdom ◽

European Countries ◽

Eastern European ◽

End Stage Renal Failure ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

National Programmes ◽

Different Populations ◽

Eastern European Countries ◽

End Stage

Five per cent of European patients on therapy for end stage renal failure and reported to the EDTA Registry were treated by CAPD on 31st December, 1982. The percentage varied between 12.7% in the United Kingdom to less than 1% in Eastern European countries. In the total area covered by the Registry (population 574 millions) 5.6 patients pmp commenced CAPD during 1982. Commencements reached 18.9 pmp in Switzerland, 17.4 pmp in the United Kingdom and 9.8 pmp in Italy. National programmes of CAPD fulfil different roles in the pattern of RRT and select different populations of patients. Therefore comparisons of the results achieved have not been made.

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