scholarly journals Prediction of intramuscular fat content and shear force in Texel lamb loins using combinations of different X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning techniques

Meat Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Clelland ◽  
L. Bunger ◽  
K.A. McLean ◽  
S. Knott ◽  
K.R. Matthews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Intramuscular Fat Content

Evaluation of marbling traits by X-ray computed tomography in Hungarian Simmental bulls

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. s51-s54
Author(s):  
G. Holló ◽  
B. Húth ◽  
I. Holló ◽  
I. Anton
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed

Marbling is an economically important factor in many beef carcass grading schemes. This study aimed to evaluate marbling traits of longissimus thoracis muscle (LT) with different methods: USDA marbling score, intramuscular fat (IMF) content by image analysis of X-ray computed tomography (CT) scans and by conventional analytical method. Bulls (n=46) were slaughtered at an average weight of 536 kg and an average age of 646 days. Mean values of EUROP fat scores varied from 2− to 2+, whereas mean values of EUROP conformation grade from O0 to R0. Average growth rate of bulls was 955 g/day. Average chemical fat content of LT varied from 2.2% to 3.1% across conformation classes, and from 2.3% to 5.0% across fat classes. Intramuscular fat content in the 12th rib and in LT on CT-scans closely correlated with chemical fat content (r=0.81 and 0.85, respectively). The highest frequency of USDA marbling score was ‘small’ (55.2%), followed by ‘slight’ (25.5%), ‘modest’ (17%) and ‘moderate’ (2.1%). Computed tomography scans of LT can be used for the evaluation of marbling in Hungarian Simmental cattle. Bulls with higher growth rate had lower marbling level in LT (r=−0.4 to −0.5). EUROP conformation and fat scores have no relationship with marbling traits in this specific cattle population.

Automatic Knot Detection in Coarse-Resolution Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Images of Softwood Logs

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-187
Author(s):  
Magnus Fredriksson ◽  
Julie Cool ◽  
Stavros Avramidis
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Coarse Resolution ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Accurate Position

Abstract X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning of sawmill logs is associated with costly and complex machines. An alternative scanning solution was developed, but its data have not been evaluated regarding detection of internal features. In this exploratory study, a knot detection algorithm was applied to images of four logs to evaluate its performance in terms of knot position and size. The results were a detection rate of 67 percent, accurate position, and inaccurate size. Although the sample size was small, it was concluded that automatic knot detection in coarse resolution CT images of softwoods is feasible, albeit for knots of sufficient size.

scholarly journals Analysis of Coal Swelling Deformation Caused by Carbon Dioxide Adsorption Based on X-Ray Computed Tomography

Geofluids ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangrong Nie ◽  
Junbin Chen ◽  
Yi Cao ◽  
Diguang Gong ◽  
Hao Deng
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Geologic Sequestration ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Adsorption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Coal Beds ◽  
Coal Swelling ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
As Adsorption

The geologic sequestration of carbon dioxide by coal beds leads to the swelling deformation of coal. In order to investigate the swelling deformation characteristics at the microscopic scale, X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning technology was used. X-ray CT scanning technology detects the internal structure, deformation, and porosity of coal at different gas pressures. Results show that swelling deformation is nonuniform, which is caused by the heterogeneity of the coal structure. Through quantitative measurement of the distance between fractures and pseudocolor processing of CT images, we observed that fractures gradually close with the increase of adsorption pressure. As adsorption pressure increases, the porosity of coal decreases, and the density of coal increases.

Visualization of diffusion phenomena in porous media by means of X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 1448-1456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Sato ◽  
Koichi Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Porous Materials ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Water Permeation ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Stone Structures

The migration of water and contamination materials in rock structures is a significant issue in projects that utilize deep underground locations such as “carbon-dioxide capture and storage” (CCS) and disposal of high-level nuclear waste. These phenomena are also important in the area of preservation of stone structures of cultural heritage signficance, as such stone structures are usually located outside, exposed to wind and rain. The migration of contamination materials in the underground environment, especially in porous rock mass, is governed mainly by water permeation and diffusion. In this study, one-dimensional diffusion testing was conducted and the process in the porous materials was visualized by X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning. Diffusion is the process caused by the concentrate or density gradient, and is a suitable phenomenon for X-ray CT analysis. In this paper, information related to diffusion is extracted from X-ray CT image data and the distribution of concentration is estimated. From the obtained density distribution, diffusion coefficients are evaluated. One-dimensional permeation tests were also conducted and intrinsic permeabilities of porous materials are evaluated, then the relation between diffusion coefficients and intrinsic permeability is discussed.

scholarly journals The anatomy of the palate in Early Triassic Chaohusaurus brevifemoralis (Reptilia: Ichthyosauriformes) based on digital reconstruction

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11727
Author(s):  
Ya-Lei Yin ◽  
Cheng Ji ◽  
Min Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Single Row ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Digital Reconstruction ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
First Time

The palatal anatomy of ichthyosauriforms remains largely unknown. Here, the complete palate of the early-branching ichthyosauriform Chaohusaurus brevifemoralis is reconstructed and described for the first time with the assistance of high-resolution X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning on the basis of the three-dimensionally preserved skull of its paratype (GMPKU-P-3086) from the Lower Triassic of South China. The reconstruction reveals new palatal features of C. brevifemoralis. The palatine contacts the jugal directly, which is observed in ichthyosauriforms for the first time. A single row of denticles is present on each side of the palate. The vomer exceeds the anterior and posterior margins of the internal naris. The pterygoid is posterior to the internal naris. The epipterygoid is present and the ectopterygoid is absent.

scholarly journals Meat quality of Limousin young bulls slaughtered at 6, 9 and 12 months of age

2017 ◽  
pp. 792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grażyna Czyżak- Runowska ◽  
Bożena Grześ ◽  
Edward Pospiech ◽  
Jolanta Komisarek ◽  
Monika Okulicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Force ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Glycolytic Potential ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
Intramuscular Fat Content

The aim of this study was to compare the quality of meat of the young Limousin bulls slaughtered at the age of 6, 9 and 12 months, with particular regard to the residual glycogen content in the meat and the value of the glycolytic potential. The study was conducted on bovine longissimus lumborum muscle. The residual glycogen content, glycolytic potential value (96 h post-mortem), pH value (45 min, 24 h, 48 h and 96 h post-mortem), IMP/ATP index (45 min post-mortem), colour parameters (L*, a* and b*), natural and cooking losses, free water content, the chemical composition, sensory parameters (aroma, flavour, juiciness and tenderness) as well as instrumental tenderness based on cutting test (96 h post-mortem) were analysed. The slaughter age of bulls had significant (p<0.05) effect on following meat parameters: concentration of glycogen, glycolytic potential value, lightness (L*) and redness (a*), shear force value, intramuscular fat content and sensory evaluation of aroma, flavour, juiciness and tenderness.  The longissimus lumborum muscle from young bulls slaughtered at the age of 6 months had significantly (p<0.05) lower values for glycogen concentration, glycolytic potential and intramuscular fat content when compared to animals slaughtered at the age of 12 months. Moreover, the colour of the examined muscle from the youngest bulls was characterised by the highest L* value and the lowest a* value as well as the lowest shear force value when compared to the meat of older bulls slaughtered at the age of 9 and 12 months.

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