Prevalence of human cosavirus and saffold virus with an emergence of saffold virus genotype 6 in patients hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2014–2016

Background Infection with viruses especially rotavirus, norovirus, astrovirus, and adenovirus has been known to be a major cause of acute gastroenteritis in children under 5 years of age globally, particularly in developing countries. Also, some genotypes of enteroviruses (EVs) have been reported to be associated with gastroenteritis. This study is aimed to investigate the prevalence and genotype diversity of EV in children admitted to hospitals with acute gastroenteritis. Methods A total of 1,736 fecal specimens were collected from children hospitalized with diarrhea in Chiang Mai, Thailand from 2015 to 2018. All specimens were tested for the presence of EV by RT-PCR of the 5′ untranslated region. The genotypes of EV were further identified by nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the viral protein 1 (VP1) gene. Results EV was detected in 154 out of 1,736 specimens (8.9%) throughout the study period. The prevalence of EV detected in 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018 was 7.2%, 9.0%, 11.2%, and 8.6%, respectively. EV was detected all year round with a high prevalence during rainy season in Thailand. Overall, 37 genotypes of EV were identified in this study. Among these, coxsackievirus (CV)-A24 and CV-B5 (7.5% each), and EV-C96 (6.8%) were the common genotypes detected. Conclusion This study demonstrates the prevalence, seasonal distribution, and genotype diversity of EV circulating in children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand during the period 2015 to 2018.

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Detection and molecular characterization of human cosavirus in a pediatric patient with acute gastroenteritis, Japan

Infection Genetics and Evolution ◽

10.1016/j.meegid.2014.09.019 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 125-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Shoko Okitsu ◽

Pattara Khamrin ◽

Aksara Thongprachum ◽

Shuichi Nishimura ◽

Angela F.C. Kalesaran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Pediatric Patient ◽

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Human Cosavirus

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Genetic recombination and diversity of sapovirus in pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand, 2010–2018

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.8520 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. e8520 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kattareeya Kumthip ◽

Pattara Khamrin ◽

Hiroshi Ushijima ◽

Limin Chen ◽

Shilin Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Genetic Recombination ◽

Age Groups ◽

Etiologic Agent ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Chiang Mai ◽

Predominant Genotype ◽

Recombinant Strains ◽

Stool Samples ◽

First Time

Background Human sapovirus (SaV) is an etiologic agent of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in all age groups worldwide. Genetic recombination of SaV has been reported from many countries. So far, none of SaV recombinant strain has been reported from Thailand. This study examined the genetic recombination and genotype diversity of SaV in children hospitalized with AGE in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Methods Stool samples were collected from children suffering from diarrhea who admitted to the hospitals in Chiang Mai, Thailand between 2010 and 2018. SaV was detected by RT-PCR and the polymerase and capsid gene sequences were analysed. Results From a total of 3,057 samples tested, 50 (1.6%) were positive for SaV. Among positive samples, SaV genotype GI.1 was the most predominant genotype (40%; 20/50), followed by GII.1 and GII.5 (each of 16%; 8/50), GI.2 (14%; 7/50), GIV.1 (4%; 2/50), and GI.5 (2%; 1/50). In addition, 4 SaV recombinant strains of GII.1/GII.4 were identified in this study (8%; 4/50). Conclusions The data revealed the genetic diversity of SaV circulating in children with AGE in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2010 to 2018 and the intragenogroup SaV recombinant strains were reported for the first time in Thailand.

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High divergence of human astrovirus genotypes circulating in pediatric patients hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2017 to 2020

10.21203/rs.3.rs-870222/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hongyu Wei ◽

Pattara Khamrin ◽

Kattareeya Kumthip ◽

Arpaporn Yodmeeklin ◽

Niwat Maneekarn

Keyword(s):

Molecular Epidemiology ◽

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Nucleotide Sequencing ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Chiang Mai ◽

Common Causes ◽

Human Astrovirus ◽

The Common ◽

Reference Sequences

Abstract ABSTRCT Human astrovirus (HAstV) is one of the common causes of acute gastroenteritis in children. The investigation of the molecular epidemiology of HAstV is essential for monitoring the emergence and/or re-emergence of new HAstV genotypes, as well as understanding the evolution of HAstV genotypes circulating in children suffering from acute gastroenteritis. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and distribution of HAstV genotypes circulating in children < 5 years of age hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2017 to 2020. A total of 1,500 fecal specimens collected from children diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis during 2017 to 2020 were screened for HAstV by RT-PCR and identified by nucleotide sequencing. The obtained sequences were compared with the reference sequences retrieved from GenBank database and analysed by MEGA X software to assign their genotypes. Of 1,500 fecal samples, 39 (2.6%) were positive for HAstV. Of these, both classic and novel HAstV genotypes, including classic HAstV1-HAstV5, novel HAstV-MLB1, MLB2, and novel HAstV-VA2, were detected in this study. The data in this study revealed a wide variety of HAstV genotypes circulating in pediatric patients admitted to the hospitals with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2017 to 2020.

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Predominance of human bocavirus genotypes 1 and 2 in oysters in Thailand

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.00456-21 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kattareeya Kumthip ◽

Pattara Khamrin ◽

Hiroshi Ushijima ◽

Niwat Maneekarn

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Infection ◽

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Environmental Water ◽

Human Bocavirus ◽

Genotype 1 ◽

Chiang Mai ◽

Oral Transmission ◽

Waterborne Transmission ◽

Few Data ◽

Bivalve Shellfish

Human bocavirus (HBoV) has been recognized as one of important pathogens of respiratory infection and acute gastroenteritis in young children worldwide. HBoV is most likely transmitted by the respiratory route and fecal-oral transmission. Recently, HBoV has been detected in several types of environmental water and bivalve shellfish. However, study of the existence of HBoV in oyster is still undocumented in Thailand. In this study, 144 oyster samples collected from different markets in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2017 to 2018 were investigated for the presence of HBoV by nested-PCR and sequencing. HBoV was detected in 11 out of 144 samples (7.6%). Nine HBoV-positive samples (81.8%) were identified as genotype 1 (HBoV1) and two (18.2%) as HBoV2. A monthly investigation of HBoV in oyster samples from July 2017 to June 2018 showed that HBoV was sporadically detected in some particular months spanning the rainy and colder season with its peak in January. This study demonstrates the presence and genotype diversity of HBoV in oyster samples in Thailand. The finding contributes to evaluating the risk of foodborne transmission of HBoV and monitoring the outbreak of HBoV in Thailand and other countries. Importance Human bocavirus is recognized as an important cause of respiratory infection and of acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide. Human bocavirus is widely detected in many clinical specimens as well as in several environmental samples. Most of the studies describe the incidence of bocavirus infection in human while only few data are available for the occurrence of human bocavirus in food materials, particularly, in bivalve shellfish. Our findings provide the evidence for the existence and prevalence of human bocavirus in oysters suggesting that further monitoring the potential risk of food and waterborne transmission of this virus to human should be undertaken.

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Genetic characterization of group C rotavirus isolated from a child hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand

Virus Genes ◽

10.1007/s11262-008-0274-5 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 314-321 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

P. Khamrin ◽

S. Peerakome ◽

R. Malasao ◽

M. Mizuguchi ◽

S. Okitsu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Genetic Characterization ◽

Chiang Mai ◽

Group C Rotavirus

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Circulation of Aichi virus genotype B strains in children with acute gastroenteritis in India

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268810002979 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 139 (11) ◽

pp. 1687-1691 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

H. VERMA ◽

S. D. CHITAMBAR ◽

V. GOPALKRISHNA

Keyword(s):

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Health Problems ◽

Aichi Virus ◽

Western India ◽

Age Group ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Junction Region ◽

Virus Genotype ◽

Major Health ◽

Stool Specimens

SUMMARYAcute gastroenteritis (AG) is considered as one of the major health problems affecting humans of all ages. A number of viruses have been recognized as important causes of this disease. Recently, Aichi virus has been shown to play an aetiological role in sporadic infections and outbreaks of AG. A study on surveillance of enteric viruses was conducted during 2004–2008 in three cities in Maharashtra state, western India. A total of 1240 stool specimens from children aged ⩽8 years hospitalized for AG were screened for the presence of Aichi virus by RT–PCR of the 3C–3D junction region followed by sequencing for the identification of genotype. Aichi virus was detected at a prevalence of 1·1% in the <5 years age group and characterized as genotype B. This is the first report on the circulation of Aichi virus genotype B in India.

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