Effect of long-term testosterone therapy on molecular regulators of skeletal muscle mass and fibre-type distribution in aging men with subnormal testosterone

Metabolism ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 154347
Author(s):  
Rikke Kruse ◽  
Stine J. Petersson ◽  
Louise L. Christensen ◽  
Jonas M. Kristensen ◽  
Rugivan Sabaratnam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Testosterone Therapy ◽  
Type Distribution ◽  
Aging Men ◽  
Fibre Type Distribution

630 IMPACT OF LOW SKELETAL MUSCLE MASS AND DENSITY ON OUTCOMES OF LOCALLY ADVANCED ESOPHAGEAL CANCER PATIENTS TREATED WITH RADICAL RADIOTHERAPY

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Ningjing Yang ◽  
Hongyuan Jia ◽  
Long Liang ◽  
Lei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Radical Radiotherapy ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer

Abstract   Low skeletal muscle mass and density are independent predictors of clinical outcomes in multiple gastrointestinal cancers. However, its effect on the long-term survival of locally advanced esophageal cancer patients undergoing radical radiotherapy is still unclear. Methods Patients with stage II-III esophageal cancer undergoing radical radiotherapy, enrolled in a observational cohort study, were included. Skeletal muscle mass and density were measured on CT. Patients with high and low skeletal muscle mass and density were compared regarding overall survival (OS). Results 165 patients (75.8% males, median age 63) were included, from March-2012 to September-2017. Before radiotherapy, 26.7% patients had low skeletal-muscle-mass and 23.0% patients had low skeletal-muscle-density. After radiotherapy, 40.6% patients had low skeletal-muscle-mass and 30.3% patients had low skeletal-muscle-density.The median OS of high skeletal-muscle-mass/density group was significantly higher than that of low skeletal-muscle-mass/density group before radiotherapy (28.7 vs 28.2 months, p = 0.041; 29.6 vs 16.9 months, p = 0.025). The median OS of high skeletal-muscle-mass/density group was also significantly higher than that of low skeletal-muscle-mass/density group after radiotherapy (30.3 vs 20.3 months, P = 0.012; 29.6 vs 17.2 months, p = 0.018). Conclusion Low skeletal muscle mass and density are associated with long-term outcome in patients undergoing radical radiotherapy. It is suggested that oncologists should pay more attention to the management of muscle mass and density of patients with esophageal cancer undergoing radiotherapy in order to improve their nutritional status and long-term survival.

Skeletal Muscle Mass Regulation in Critical Illness

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zudin Puthucheary ◽  
Hugh Montgomery ◽  
Nicholas Hart ◽  
Stephen Harridge
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Critical Illness ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Protein Homeostasis ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
And Function ◽  
Inadequate Nutrition

Muscle is a dynamic, plastic, and malleable tissue that is highly sensitive to mechanical and metabolic signals. Muscle mass is regulated by protein homeostasis, with protein being continually turned over, reflecting a balance between synthesis and breakdown. This chapter discusses the effect of critical illness on skeletal muscle mass, protein homeostasis, and the intracellular signalling driving anabolism and catabolism. The focus will be on the unique challenges to which the skeletal muscle are exposed, such as inflammation, sepsis, sedation, and inadequate nutrition, which, in combination with the disuse signals of immobilization and bed rest, engender dramatic changes in muscle structure and function. The mechanisms regulating muscle loss during critical illness are being unravelled, but many questions remain unanswered. Detailed understanding of these mechanisms will help drive strategies to minimize or prevent intensive care-acquired muscle weakness and the long-term consequences experienced by ICU survivors.

scholarly journals Clinical impact of sarcopenia assessment in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing treatments

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 927-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Marasco ◽  
Matteo Serenari ◽  
Matteo Renzulli ◽  
Luigina Vanessa Alemanni ◽  
Benedetta Rossini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
And Function

Abstract Changes in body composition are associated with poor outcomes in cancer patients including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sarcopenia, defined as the loss of skeletal muscle mass, quality and function, has been associated with a higher rate of complications and recurrences in patients with cirrhosis and HCC. The assessment of patient general status before HCC treatment, including the presence of sarcopenia, is a key-point for achieving therapy tolerability and to avoid short- and long-term complications leading to poor patients’ survival. Thus, we aimed to review the current literature evaluating the role of sarcopenia assessment related to HCC treatments and to critically provide the clinicians with the most recent and valuable evidence. As a result, sarcopenia can be predictive of poor outcomes in patients undergoing liver resection, transplantation and systemic therapies, offering the chance to clinicians to improve the muscular status of these patients, especially those with high-grade sarcopenia at high risk of mortality. Further studies are needed to clarify the predictive value of sarcopenia in other HCC treatment settings and to evaluate its role as an additional staging tool for identifying the most appropriate treatment. Besides, interventional studies aiming at increasing the skeletal muscle mass for reducing complications and increasing the survival in patients with HCC are needed.

Variability in skeletal muscle fibre characteristics during repeated muscle biopsy sampling in human vastus lateralis

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua P. Nederveen ◽  
George Ibrahim ◽  
Stephen A. Fortino ◽  
Tim Snijders ◽  
Dinesh Kumbhare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Biopsy ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type Distribution ◽  
Fibre Type Distribution

The percutaneous muscle biopsy procedure is an invaluable tool for characterizing skeletal muscle and capillarization. Little is known about methodological or biological variation stemming from the technique in heterogeneous muscle. Five muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis of a group of young men (n = 29, 22 ± 1 years) over a 96-h period. We investigated the repeatability of fibre distribution, indices of muscle capillarization and perfusion, and myofibre characteristics. No differences between the biopsies were reported in myofibre type distribution, cross-sectional area (CSA), and perimeter. Capillary-to-fibre perimeter exchange index and individual capillary-fibre contacts were unchanged with respect to the location of the muscle biopsy and index of capillarization. The variability in the sampling distribution of fibre type specific muscle CSA increased when fewer than 150 muscle fibres were quantified. Variability in fibre type distribution increased when fewer than 150 muscle fibres were quantified. Myofibre characteristics and indices of capillarization are largely consistent throughout the vastus lateralis when assessed via the skeletal muscle biopsy technique. Novelty Markers of muscle capillarization and perfusion were unchanged across multiple sites of the human vastus lateralis. Myofibre characteristics such as muscle cross-sectional area, perimeter, and fibre type distribution were also unchanged. Variation of muscle CSA was higher when fewer than 150 muscle fibres were quantified.

scholarly journals Relationship between swallowing function and the skeletal muscle mass of older adults requiring long‐term care

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1185-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohji Murakami ◽  
Hirohiko Hirano ◽  
Yutaka Watanabe ◽  
Ayako Edahiro ◽  
Yuki Ohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Swallowing Function ◽  
Term Care
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