Ethical, legal and social issues in nutrigenomics: The challenges of regulating service delivery and building health professional capacity

2007 ◽  
Vol 622 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 138-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Castle ◽  
Nola M. Ries
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Professional Capacity

Cyberspace at the Grassroots: E-Governance and Citizen/Stakeholder Perceptions at the Local Level in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 245513332110340
Author(s):  
Habib Zafarullah ◽  
Jannatul Ferdous
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Citizen Perceptions

Bangladesh has experimented with e-governance since the early 2000s and currently ranks among the top 10 least developed countries. The deployment of e-governance at the local level has provided benefits to the rural people, with local councils increasingly using information and communications technology (ICT) to expand community-based delivery systems and augment rural service delivery. One-stop cyber centres provide a range of services that are user-friendly, cost-effective and less time-consuming. This study focuses on five sub-districts to inquire about the range of services provided by the e-service centres there. It has recorded citizen perceptions and the level of their satisfaction and the observations of service providers about the e-service mechanism. It also identifies key challenges in service delivery. Citizen satisfaction was measured using 12 indicators, while the service provider observations focused on social issues, governance, resource and technical issues. The study found several issues requiring attention to consolidate the e-governance system in the country.

Applying a Midwifery Lens to Indigenous Health Care Delivery: The Contribution of Campus Learning and Rural Placements to Effecting Systemic Change

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalie D. Thackrah ◽  
Sandra C. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Systemic Change ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Indigenous Australian ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Health Professional Training

Study background Increasing cultural safety in health settings is essential to address stark health disparities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. Respect for cultural knowledge, better communication, and recognition of racism as a determinant of health are required for improved service delivery. How this knowledge is acquired in health professional training and translated to clinical settings is poorly understood. Purpose Impacts of an innovative Indigenous health unit and remote clinical placements on knowledge acquisition and attitude change were explored among midwifery students to inform cultural competency initiatives in health professional training. Methods A multiphased, mixed methods research design used surveys, observations, and interviews. Qualitative analysis was strengthened through triangulation with quantitative data. Results A unit conceived with substantial Indigenous Australian input and which privileged these voices enhanced knowledge and shifted attitudes in a positive direction; however, immediate gains diminished over time. Remote placements had a profound effect on student learning. Exposure to Indigenous Australians in classrooms and communities, and the self-reflection generated, helped dispel stereotypes and challenge assumptions based on limited cultural knowledge and contact. Conclusion Optimization of receptivity to Indigenous Australian content and opportunities for remote placements contributed to students’ developing cultural capabilities with implications for all health professional training. Whether this heightened awareness is enough to address institutional racism identified in health service delivery remains unanswered. The focus must include those established health practitioners and administrators who influence organizational culture if real systemic change is to occur. Given appropriate on-going support, graduates can play a vital role in expediting this process.

What influences Australian women to not drink alcohol during pregnancy?

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra C. Jones ◽  
Joanne Telenta
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Social Norm ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Social Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pregnancy Status

There is a strong social norm against consuming alcohol during pregnancy. However, many women do not realise they are pregnant until the sixth week and are not provided with information about the risks of consuming alcohol until they visit a health professional in the second trimester. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 12 midwives and 12 pregnant women from two regions in NSW in 2008–09 to explore attitudes towards alcohol consumption during pregnancy, and the factors that may encourage or inhibit women from following the recommendation to abstain from drinking while pregnant. Both groups noted the social issues around pregnant women consuming alcohol due to perceived social norms and the challenges in not revealing early pregnancy status at social events.

scholarly journals Primary care initiatives focused on the secondary prevention and management of chronic pain: a scoping review of the Australian literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Pippy Walker ◽  
Simone De Morgan ◽  
Duncan Sanders ◽  
Michael Nicholas ◽  
Fiona M. Blyth
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
System Support ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Professional Capacity

The aim of this scoping review was to identify initiatives focused on the secondary prevention and management of chronic pain in Australian primary care to understand options available to Primary Health Networks and to identify evidence gaps. The Medline, EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Cochrane databases, as well as relevant websites, were searched for eligible records published from 2007 to 2018. Initiative characteristics and outcomes evaluated were extracted and synthesised. In all, 84 initiatives from 167 published and grey literature records were identified, including: (1) consumer initiatives that aimed to improve access to multidisciplinary care, health literacy and care navigation (n=56); (2) health professional capacity building initiatives that aimed to ensure health professionals are skilled and provide best-practice evidence-based care (n=21); and (3) quality improvement and health system support initiatives (n=7). Evidence gaps were found relating to initiatives addressing the secondary prevention of chronic pain, those targeting vulnerable and regional populations, health professional capacity building initiatives for all primary health care providers and quality improvement and system support initiatives. Addressing evidence gaps related to effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and implementation should be the focus for future chronic pain initiatives in primary care settings.

Sociocultural Factors to Consider When Addressing the Vulnerability of Social Service Users

Affilia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheal L. Shier ◽  
Marion E. Jones ◽  
John R. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Social Service ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Homeless Women ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Societal Issues

In a study conducted in 2008–2009, 25 employed homeless women in Calgary, Canada, were interviewed to gain a better understanding of their pathways from homelessness. The data analysis uncovered a mix of personal and societal issues to consider and provides a framework for understanding the complexity of sociocultural factors that contribute to the vulnerability of users of services. In combination, these many sociocultural factors affected the participants’ personal exit from homelessness. The role of service delivery organizations in helping to identify vulnerabilities experienced by service users and respond to these issues in practice will have an influence on resolving social issues like homelessness.

Barriers to transforming government in Jamaica

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd Waller ◽  
Aldrane Genius
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
International Development ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government

Purpose – This study aims to highlight the barriers inhibiting the implementation of initiatives that seek to transform the efficiency, effectiveness and service delivery of government processes and systems through the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs, e-Government) in Jamaica. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology used for this study was “Qualitative Description”. Qualitative Description is guided by the Qualitative Descriptive Research Design and is epistemologically located within the Interpretivist Paradigm. The data collected for this study were based on the principle of judgmental sampling. In total, 23 experts working at various levels of e-Government implementation in Jamaica were interviewed for this study. Findings – It can be argued from the data analyzed that the factors which undermine the use of ICTs to improve government efficiency, effectiveness and public service delivery in Jamaica include: technical issues (ICT infrastructure, privacy and security), social issues (culture and the digital divide) and financial issues. Organizational issues such as top management support, resistance to change to electronic ways, lack of collaboration, lack of qualified personnel and training courses were not identified as barriers to e-Government in Jamaica. Research limitations/implications – The direct implications of the study are confined to the shores of Jamaica. Practical implications – This study provides government agencies in Jamaica with an opportunity to identify the practical gaps in e-Government implementation. At the global level, the study provides international development agencies that are currently funding, and those that have an interest in funding e-Government initiatives in Jamaica, with an understanding of the challenges to e-Government implementation in the country. Additionally, the study provides an opportunity for scholars doing cross-national qualitative study to compare and contrast the e-Government barriers identified in Jamaica with other countries and to further determine factors which may contribute to these similarities and differences and explore a possible holistic solution to these barriers. Social implications – The study draws attention to the problem of exclusion for those citizens affected by the digital divide, the problem of infrastructure and/or structural challenges such as poverty and are unable to access e-Government services. The study also highlights the problem of trust in the government by Jamaican citizens and the implication of this trust issue for e-Government implementation in the country. Originality/value – The study addresses the global scholarly and policy gap in the literature, as it relates to Caribbean experiences with barriers to e-Government implementation and, therefore, provides data for global comparative analysis. The study also contributes to global attempts to holistically understand the e-Government phenomenon by extending the current discourse to the Caribbean.

scholarly journals Provider and consumer perceptions of allied health service needs

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Sue Rowan
Keyword(s):  
Health Service ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Allied Health ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Consumer Perceptions ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Health Services Access

The study reported in this paper compared data from 20 separate focus groups,representing providers and consumers of health services in the Grampians region,Victoria, on their perceptions of the allied health service issues in that region. Theresults of the study indicated that providers and consumers raised many similar issuesin regard to allied health services ? access to allied health services, service delivery,social and rural issues ? but discussed the issues from different perspectives. Theprovider discussion was concerned with service delivery issues and the consumerdiscussion was focused on broader social issues which affect health.

A Classroom Sign Communication Program for the Severely Handicapped

1981 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-239
Author(s):  
Linda Goodman ◽  
Robin Kroc
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Communication Program ◽  
Severely Handicapped

This article describes a strategy used to teach sign communication to severely handicapped students in the classroom. It recommends that the speech-language pathologist adopt a consultant role in service delivery.

Dimensions of Multiskilling

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Support Personnel ◽  
Educational Personnel ◽  
Educational Audiology ◽  
Children With Hearing Loss ◽  
Improve Service Delivery

Educational audiologists often must delegate certain tasks to other educational personnel who function as support personnel and need training in order to perform assigned tasks. Support personnel are people who, after appropriate training, perform tasks that are prescribed, directed, and supervised by a professional such as a certified and licensed audiologist. The training of support personnel to perform tasks that are typically performed by those in other disciplines is calledmultiskilling. This article discusses multiskilling and the use of support personnel in educational audiology in reference to the following principles: guidelines, models of multiskilling, components of successful multiskilling, and "dos and don’ts" for multiskilling. These principles are illustrated through the use of multiskilling in the establishment of a hearing aid monitoring program. Successful multiskilling and the use of support personnel by educational audiologists can improve service delivery to school-age children with hearing loss.

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