Xanthan gum as a carrier for bacterial cell entrapment: Developing a novel immobilised biocatalyst

Linking the screened bacteria-binding peptide with the ZnO-binding peptide HKVAPR, created a bifunctional peptide capable of one-step simple ZnO surface modification and of bacterial cell entrapment.

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New protein reveals secrets of bacterial cell cycle

Nature India ◽

10.1038/nindia.2015.99 ◽

2015 ◽

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Bacterial Cell ◽

Bacterial Cell Cycle ◽

New Protein

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Toxicological evaluation of xanthan gum based hydrogel formulation in Wistar rats using single dose study

Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research ◽

10.32383/appdr/118533 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 77 (2) ◽

pp. 353-360

Author(s):

Nadia Malik ◽

Mahmood Ahmad ◽

Muhammad Minhas ◽

Ruqia Tulain ◽

Ikrima Khalid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Xanthan Gum ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Toxicological Evaluation ◽

Single Dose Study ◽

Dose Study ◽

Hydrogel Formulation

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Controlled Release of Metformin Hydrochloride I. In vitro Release from Physical Mixture Containing Xanthan Gum as Hydrophilic Rate Retarding Polymer

Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.3329/dujps.v4i1.200 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mashkura Ashrafi ◽

Jakir Ahmed Chowdhury ◽

Md Selim Reza

Keyword(s):

Controlled Release ◽

Xanthan Gum ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

High Ratio ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Metformin Hydrochloride ◽

Model Drug ◽

Very High

Capsules of different formulations were prepared by using a hydrophilic polymer, xanthan gum and a filler Ludipress. Metformin hydrochloride, which is an anti-diabetic agent, was used as a model drug here with the aim to formulate sustained release capsules. In the first 6 formulations, metformin hydrochloride and xanthan gum were used in different ratio. Later, Ludipress was added to the formulations in a percentage of 8% to 41%. The total procedure was carried out by physical mixing of the ingredients and filling in capsule shells of size 1. As metformin hydrochloride is a highly water soluble drug, the dissolution test was done in 250 ml distilled water in a thermal shaker (Memmert) with a shaking speed of 50 rpm at 370C &plusmn 0.50C for 6 hours. After the dissolution, the data were treated with different kinetic models. The results found from the graphs and data show that the formulations follow the Higuchian release pattern as they showed correlation coefficients greater than 0.99 and the sustaining effect of the formulations was very high when the xanthan gum was used in a very high ratio with the drug. It was also investigated that the Ludipress extended the sustaining effect of the formulation to some extent. But after a certain period, Ludipress did not show any significant effect as the pores made by the xanthan gum network were already blocked. It is found here that when the metformin hydrochloride and the xanthan gum ratio was 1:1, showed a high percentage of drug release, i.e. 91.80% of drug was released after 6 hours. But With a xanthan gum and metformin hydrochloride ratio of 6:1, a very slow release of the drug was obtained. Only 66.68% of the drug was released after 6 hours. The percent loading in this case was 14%. Again, when Ludipress was used in high ratio, it was found to retard the release rate more prominently. Key words: Metformin Hydrochloride, Xanthan Gum, Controlled release capsule Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. Vol.4(1) 2005 The full text is of this article is available at the Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. website

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Contribution of large bacteria to bacterial biomass in a deep freshwater lake (Lake Biwa, Japan)

Aquatic Microbial Ecology ◽

10.3354/ame01949 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 85 ◽

pp. 131-139

Author(s):

S Shen ◽

Y Shimizu

Keyword(s):

Cell Volume ◽

Bacterial Cell ◽

Lake Biwa ◽

Bacterial Biomass ◽

Spatial Variations ◽

Freshwater Lake ◽

Heterotrophic Nanoflagellates ◽

Bacterial Productivity ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Seasonal And Spatial Variations

Despite the importance of bacterial cell volume in microbial ecology in aquatic environments, literature regarding the effects of seasonal and spatial variations on bacterial cell volume remains scarce. We used transmission electron microscopy to examine seasonal and spatial variations in bacterial cell size for 18 mo in 2 layers (epilimnion 0.5 m and hypolimnion 60 m) of Lake Biwa, Japan, a large and deep freshwater lake. During the stratified period, we found that the bacterial cell volume in the hypolimnion ranged from 0.017 to 0.12 µm3 (median), whereas that in the epilimnion was less variable (0.016 to 0.033 µm3, median) and much lower than that in the hypolimnion. Additionally, in the hypolimnion, cell volume during the stratified period was greater than that during the mixing period (up to 5.7-fold). These differences in cell volume resulted in comparable bacterial biomass in the hypolimnion and epilimnion, despite the fact that there was lower bacterial abundance in the hypolimnion than in the epilimnion. We also found that the biomass of larger bacteria, which are not likely to be grazed by heterotrophic nanoflagellates, increased in the hypolimnion during the stratified period. Our data suggest that estimation of carbon flux (e.g. bacterial productivity) needs to be interpreted cautiously when cell volume is used as a constant parametric value. In deep freshwater lakes, a difference in cell volume with seasonal and spatial variation may largely affect estimations.

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The Bacterial Cell: Coupling between Growth, Nucleoid Replication, Cell Division and Shape

10.3389/978-2-88919-817-7 ◽

2016 ◽

Keyword(s):

Cell Division ◽

Bacterial Cell ◽

Cell Coupling

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Formulation and Evaluation of Galantamine Hydrobromide Floating Matrix Tablet

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology ◽

10.25258/ijddt.v8i2.13868 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Poreddy Srikanth Reddy ◽

Penjuri Subhash Chandra Bose ◽

Vuppula Sruthi ◽

Damineni Saritha

Keyword(s):

Sodium Alginate ◽

Xanthan Gum ◽

Lag Time ◽

Matrix Tablets ◽

In Vitro Dissolution ◽

Matrix Tablet ◽

Compression Technique ◽

Weight Variation ◽

The Matrix

The aim of the present work was to prepare floating tablets of galantamine HBr using sodium alginate and xanthan gum as matrix forming carriers. Galantamine HBr is used for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease and various other memory impairments, in particular those of vascular origin. The matrix tablet formulations were prepared by varying the concentrations of sodium alginate and xanthan gum. The tablets were prepared by direct compression technique using PVP K-30 as a binder and sodium bicarbonate for development of CO2. The prepared matrix tablets were evaluated for properties such as hardness, thickness, friability, weight variation, floating lag time, compatibility using DSC and FTIR. In vitro dissolution was carried out for 12 hrs in 0.1N HCl at 37±0.5 ºC using USP paddle type dissolution apparatus. It was noted that, all the prepared formulations had desired floating lag time and constantly floated on dissolution medium by maintaining the matrix integrity. The drug release from prepared tablets was found to vary with varying concentration of the polymers, sodium alginate and xanthan gum. From the study it was concluded that floating drug delivery system for galantamine HBr can be prepared by using sodium alginate and xanthan gum as a carrier.

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