A critical analysis of the literature and theoretical perspectives on theory–practice gap amongst newly qualified nurses within the United Kingdom

This article explores the oscillation between individualism and holism and between voluntarism and determinism underlying Philip Allott’s philosophy of social idealism and attributes it to an under-analysis of the relationship between human agency, culture, and structure. Drawing on different social theoretical perspectives and philosophical approaches, it examines this aspect of social idealism through the lens of two recent cases, Alexander Blackman in the United Kingdom and Elor Azaria in Israel. It argues that a dominant focus on either the individuals or their context is necessarily reductionist while collapsing the two risks obscuring causality and responsibility and relegating their apportionment to those in possession of cultural and structural power. Only by differentiating between the relative degrees of human freedom and constraints in different situations, can the limits to human agency become recognisable, comprehensible, and therefore amenable to being tackled, transformed, and potentially overcome.

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The pre-history of health psychology in the United Kingdom: From natural science and psychoanalysis to social science, social cognition and beyond

Journal of Health Psychology ◽

10.1177/1359105317705879 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 472-491 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Michael Murray

Keyword(s):

Health Psychology ◽

United Kingdom ◽

Social Cognition ◽

Social Science ◽

20Th Century ◽

Natural Science ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Theoretical Perspectives ◽

History Of ◽

The Uk

Health psychology formally came of age in the United Kingdom in the 1980s, but it was prefigured by much discussion about challenges to the dominance of biomedicine in healthcare and debates. This articles focuses on what could be termed the pre-history of health psychology in the UK. This was the period in the earlier 20th century when psychological approaches were dominated by psychoanalysis which was followed by behaviourism and then cognitivism. Review of this pre-history provides the backdrop for the rise of health psychology in the UK and also reveals the tensions between the different theoretical perspectives.

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Building and Connecting to Online Communities for Action

E-Politics and Organizational Implications of the Internet ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-0966-2.ch008 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 114-132

Author(s):

Philippa Collin

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Young People ◽

Case Studies ◽

Critical Analysis ◽

Communication Technologies ◽

The Internet ◽

Original Research ◽

Information Communication Technologies ◽

Information Communication ◽

The United Kingdom

Young people are using information communication technologies (ICT) for new forms of political participation. At the same time, government and non-government organisations are looking to the internet to implement policies designed to engage young people in democracy. This raises the question of what forms of e-citizenship are being imposed on young people and are these same forms being pursued by young people themselves? Coleman (2008) has suggested that programs tend to promote autonomous or managed forms and argues for a ‘productive convergence’ that can facilitate democratic e-citizenship. Using original research, this article presents two case studies of such a ‘productive convergence’ and argues that what is particularly powerful in such e-citizenship programs is that they facilitate young people’s connection to existing networks as well as the building of new communities for action. This article presents a critical analysis of how organisations and young people in Australia and the United Kingdom view and use the internet for participation and considers the extent to which there is increased democratising potential in these e-citizenship programs.

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Building and Connecting to Online Communities for Action

International Journal of E-Politics ◽

10.4018/jep.2010070101 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 1-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Philippa Collin

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Young People ◽

Case Studies ◽

Critical Analysis ◽

Communication Technologies ◽

The Internet ◽

Original Research ◽

Information Communication Technologies ◽

Information Communication ◽

The United Kingdom

Young people are using information communication technologies (ICT) for new forms of political participation. At the same time, government and non-government organisations are looking to the internet to implement policies designed to engage young people in democracy. This raises the question of what forms of e-citizenship are being imposed on young people and are these same forms being pursued by young people themselves? Coleman (2008) has suggested that programs tend to promote autonomous or managed forms and argues for a ‘productive convergence’ that can facilitate democratic e-citizenship. Using original research, this article presents two case studies of such a ‘productive convergence’ and argues that what is particularly powerful in such e-citizenship programs is that they facilitate young people’s connection to existing networks as well as the building of new communities for action. This article presents a critical analysis of how organisations and young people in Australia and the United Kingdom view and use the internet for participation and considers the extent to which there is increased democratising potential in these e-citizenship programs.

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America, Brexit and the security of Europe

The British Journal of Politics and International Relations ◽

10.1177/1369148117711400 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 558-572 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Wyn Rees

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

United Kingdom ◽

The United States ◽

The European Union ◽

European Security ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Theoretical Perspectives ◽

Security Relationship ◽

The Uk ◽

The Eu

The Obama administration played a surprisingly interventionist role in the UK referendum on membership of the European Union (EU), arguing that a vote to leave would damage European security. Yet this article contends that US attitudes towards the EU as a security actor, and the part played within it by the United Kingdom, have been much more complex than the United States has sought to portray. While it has spoken the language of partnership, it has acted as if the EU has been a problem for US policy. The United Kingdom was used as part of the mechanism for managing that problem. In doing so, America contributed, albeit inadvertently, to the Brexit result. With the aid of contrasting theoretical perspectives from Realism and Institutionalism, this article explores how America’s security relationship with the United Kingdom has helped to engineer a security situation that the United States wanted to avoid.

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Values Education in Outdoor Environmental Education Programs from the Perspective of Practitioners

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12114700 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 4700

Author(s):

Jan Činčera ◽

Bruce Johnson ◽

Roman Kroufek ◽

Petra Šimonová

Keyword(s):

Environmental Education ◽

Values Education ◽

Education Programs ◽

Program Leaders ◽

Education Practice ◽

Outdoor Environmental Education ◽

Theoretical Perspectives ◽

Normative Practice ◽

Practice Gap ◽

Theory Practice Gap

Shaping environmental values is considered one of the goals of environmental education. At the same time, this creates questions about the line between indoctrination and education. While values education has been widely discussed from various theoretical perspectives, few studies have analyzed how it is being practiced. This article investigates five outdoor environmental education programs and identifies the values the programs promote as well as the means they use to communicate these values to students. Additionally, the article examines the perspectives of 17 program leaders and center directors regarding the ways in which values should be promoted in environmental education and the approaches they use in their practice. According to the findings, all the observed programs applied a normative, value-laden approach, communicating mainly the values of universalism. The most frequently observed strategy was the inculcation of desirable values by moralizing and modeling. Simultaneously, some of the leaders’ beliefs, while highlighting value-free or pluralistic approaches, contradicted their rather normative practice. This article describes the theory–practice gap identified and discusses the implications of the prevailing use of the normative approach in outdoor environmental education for the field. It calls for opening an in-depth debate on what, why, and how values belong in outdoor environmental education practice.

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Accountability and Review in the Counter-Terrorist State

10.1332/policypress/9781529206234.001.0001 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jessie Blackbourn ◽

Fiona de Londras ◽

Lydia Morgan

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Empirical Analysis ◽

Critical Analysis ◽

Good Practice ◽

State Building ◽

Policy Discourse ◽

Political Actors ◽

Counter Terrorism ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Law And Policy

The United Kingdom should now be understood as a counter-terrorist state, that is a state in which counter-terrorism law, policy, discourse, and operations are mainstreamed across the domains of law and government in forms that are conceptualised and designed as ‘permanent’ in at least some cases; in which non-state actors are responsibilised for counter-terrorism; and in which all persons are the subjects of counter-terrorism, although not to equal degrees. This book argues that counter-terrorism review—which it defines as the legal, political, and policy processes that consider the application and impacts of counter-terrorism law and policy in theory as well as in practice, with a view to assessing its merits and contributing towards its improvement—has the capacity to enhance accountability in the counter-terrorist state. Building on exclusive interviews with political actors and practitioners, as well as detailed empirical analysis of existing reviews—it presents the first comprehensive, critical analysis of counter-terrorism review in the United Kingdom. While this reveals substantial pockets of good practice, it also shows that the accountability enhancing potential of counter-terrorism review is limited in practice by executive domination, parliamentary limitations, persistent state secrecy, and the absence of trust in the counter-terrorist state.

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Occupational limbo, transitional liminality and permanent liminality: New conceptual distinctions

Human Relations ◽

10.1177/0018726717706535 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 70 (12) ◽

pp. 1514-1537 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Matthew Bamber ◽

Jacquelyn Allen-Collinson ◽

John McCormack

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Conceptual Framework ◽

Social Barriers ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Theoretical Perspectives ◽

Research Findings

This article contributes new theoretical perspectives and empirical findings to the conceptualization of occupational liminality. Here, we posit ‘occupational limbo’ as a state distinct from both transitional and permanent liminality; an important analytic distinction in better understanding occupational experiences. In its anthropological sense, liminality refers to a state of being betwixt and between; it is temporary and transitional. Permanent liminality refers to a state of being neither-this-nor-that, or both-this-and-that. We extend this framework in proposing a conceptualization of occupational limbo as always- this- and-never- that, where this is less desirable than that. Based on interviews with 51 teaching-only staff at 20 research-intensive ‘Russell Group’ universities in the United Kingdom, the findings highlight some challenging occupational experiences. Interviewees reported feeling ‘locked-in’ to an uncomfortable state by a set of structural and social barriers often perceived as insurmountable. Teaching-only staff were found to engage in negative and often self-depreciatory identity talk that highlighted a felt inability to cross the līmen to the elevated status of ‘proper academics’. The research findings and the new conceptual framework provide analytic insights with wider application to other occupational spheres, and can thus enhance the understanding not just of teaching-only staff and academics, but also of other workers and managers.

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Deportation on the Basis of Diplomatic Assurances : Permissible under the European Convention on Human Rights? : a Critical Analysis of the Judgment of the ECtHR in Abu Qatada v the United Kingdom (2012) and Its Impact on the Jurisprudence of the ECtHR

10.26686/wgtn.17006860.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Bernadette Sangmeister

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

United Kingdom ◽

Critical Analysis ◽

European Convention ◽

Background Information ◽

Counter Terrorism ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact ◽

Case Basis

<p>Inspired by the recently concluded litigation seeking to deport the radical Islamic preacher Abu Qatada from the UK to Jordan, this paper aims at examining the 2012 judgment of the ECtHR by focusing on the question under which circumstances a deportation with diplomatic assurances (DWA) may be permissible under the European Convention on Human Rights. Relevant background information will be provided concerning the interplay of the use of the DWA policy and the European Convention on Human Rights as well as concerning the particular circumstances that led to the ECtHR’s ruling in Abu Qatada. In the following analysis of the judgment, the focus will be on the interplay of the DWA policy and the European Convention on Human Rights with special regard to art 3 and art 6 of the Convention. Finally, the impact of this judgment on the future jurisprudence and the DWA policy will be shown. In the light of this judgment, it will be argued that the counter terrorism means of deporting a non-national terrorist suspect with diplomatic assurances seems to be compatible with the Convention if the diplomatic assurances given guarantee a sufficient protection of the human rights of the transferee, which due to the uncertain effects of the DWA policy, still has to be decided on a case-by-case basis.</p>

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