scholarly journals Over-representation of fundamental decision variables in the prefrontal cortex underlies decision bias

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoya Ohnuki ◽  
Yuma Osako ◽  
Hiroyuki Manabe ◽  
Yoshio Sakurai ◽  
Junya Hirokawa
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Decision Bias ◽  
Decision Variables

scholarly journals Reduced decision bias and more rational decision making following ventromedial prefrontal cortex damage

Cortex ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
Sanjay Manohar ◽  
Patricia Lockwood ◽  
Daniel Drew ◽  
Sean James Fallon ◽  
Trevor T-J Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Rational Decision ◽  
Decision Bias ◽  
Rational Decision Making

scholarly journals Value, confidence and deliberation in preference tasks: a triple dissociation in the medial prefrontal cortex

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Clairis ◽  
M. Pessiglione
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Decision Neuroscience ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Reward Value ◽  
Unified View

AbstractDeciding about courses of action involves an estimation of costs and benefits. Decision neuroscience studies have suggested a dissociation between the ventral and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC and dmPFC), which would process reward value and effort cost, respectively. However, several results appeared inconsistent with this general idea of opponent reward and effort systems. These contradictions might reflect the diversity of tasks used to investigate the trade-off between effort cost and reward value. They might also reflect the confusion with a meta-decision process about the amount of deliberation needed to reach a sufficient confidence in the reward/effort estimates. Here, we used fMRI to examine the neural correlates of reward and effort estimates across several preference tasks, from (dis-)likeability ratings to binary decisions involving attribute integration and option comparison. Results confirm the role of the vmPFC as a generic valuation system, across the different tasks (likeability rating or binary decision) and attributes (the activity increasing with reward value and decreasing with effort cost). However, meta-decision variables were represented in more dorsal regions, with confidence in the mPFC and deliberation time in the dmPFC. These findings suggest that assessing commonalities across preference tasks and distinguishing between decision and meta-decision variables might help reaching a unified view of how the brain chooses a course of action.

scholarly journals A dynamic code for economic object valuation in prefrontal cortex neurons

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken-Ichiro Tsutsui ◽  
Fabian Grabenhorst ◽  
Shunsuke Kobayashi ◽  
Wolfram Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Matching Law ◽  
Recent Experience ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Subsequent Conversion ◽  
Object Valuation ◽  
Foraging Task

Abstract Neuronal reward valuations provide the physiological basis for economic behaviour. Yet, how such valuations are converted to economic decisions remains unclear. Here we show that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) implements a flexible value code based on object-specific valuations by single neurons. As monkeys perform a reward-based foraging task, individual DLPFC neurons signal the value of specific choice objects derived from recent experience. These neuronal object values satisfy principles of competitive choice mechanisms, track performance fluctuations and follow predictions of a classical behavioural model (Herrnstein’s matching law). Individual neurons dynamically encode both, the updating of object values from recently experienced rewards, and their subsequent conversion to object choices during decision-making. Decoding from unselected populations enables a read-out of motivational and decision variables not emphasized by individual neurons. These findings suggest a dynamic single-neuron and population value code in DLPFC that advances from reward experiences to economic object values and future choices.

scholarly journals Prefrontal cortex exhibits multi-dimensional dynamic encoding during decision-making

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikio C. Aoi ◽  
Valerio Mante ◽  
Jonathan W. Pillow
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Rotational Dynamics ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Integration Period ◽  
Accumulation Phase

AbstractRecent work has suggested that prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a key role in context-dependent perceptual decision-making. Here we investigate population-level coding of decision variables in monkey PFC using a new method for identifying task-relevant dimensions of neural activity. Our analyses reveal that, in contrast to one-dimensional attractor models, PFC has a multi-dimensional code for decisions, context, and relevant as well as irrelevant sensory information. Moreover, these representations evolve in time, with an early linear accumulation phase followed by a phase with rotational dynamics. We identify the dimensions of neural activity associated with these phases, and show that they are not the product of distinct populations, but of a single population with broad tuning characteristics. Finally, we use model-based decoding to show that the transition from linear to rotational dynamics coincides with a sustained plateau in decoding accuracy, revealing that rotational dynamics in PFC preserve sensory as well as choice information for the duration of the stimulus integration period.

Representation of decision variables in human prefrontal cortex — an event-related fMRI-study

NeuroImage ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 418
Author(s):  
Hauke R. Heekeren ◽  
I. Wartenburger ◽  
A. Villringer
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Fmri Study

Author response for "Remodeling of projections from ventral hippocampus to prefrontal cortex in Alzheimer's mice"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Xu ◽  
Munenori Ono ◽  
Tetsufumi Ito ◽  
Osamu Uchiumi ◽  
Furong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Ventral Hippocampus ◽  
Author Response

Malfunctional Reorganization in the Developing Limbo-Prefrontal System in Animals: Implications for Human Psychoses?

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Gertraud Teuchert-Noodt ◽  
Ralf R. Dawirs
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Activity Dependent

Abstract: Neuroplasticity research in connection with mental disorders has recently bridged the gap between basic neurobiology and applied neuropsychology. A non-invasive method in the gerbil (Meriones unguiculus) - the restricted versus enriched breading and the systemically applied single methamphetamine dose - offers an experimental approach to investigate psychoses. Acts of intervening affirm an activity dependent malfunctional reorganization in the prefrontal cortex and in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and reveal the dopamine position as being critical for the disruption of interactions between the areas concerned. From the extent of plasticity effects the probability and risk of psycho-cognitive development may be derived. Advance may be expected from insights into regulatory mechanisms of neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus which is obviously to meet the necessary requirements to promote psycho-cognitive functions/malfunctions via the limbo-prefrontal circuit.

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