Oscillatory power and functional connectivity in the speech change detection network

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 320-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon E. MacLean ◽  
Lawrence M. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Change Detection ◽  
Oscillatory Power

scholarly journals Temporo-frontal functional connectivity during auditory change detection is altered in Alzheimer's disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 5565-5577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Jung Hsiao ◽  
Wei-Ta Chen ◽  
Pei-Ning Wang ◽  
Chia-Hsiung Cheng ◽  
Yung-Yang Lin
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Change Detection ◽  
Auditory Change Detection

scholarly journals Neural auditory (dis)integration underpins phoneme change detection in Wernicke’s Aphasia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Robson ◽  
Francesco Usai ◽  
James L. Keidel ◽  
Lauren Cloutman ◽  
Mark Drakesmith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Change Detection ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Phonological Information ◽  
Wernicke's Aphasia ◽  
Power Change ◽  
Oscillatory Power

Speech perception impairments are a universal feature of Wernicke’s aphasia (WA) and are systematically related to the Wernicke’s-type language comprehension impairment. However, speech perception is not absent; phonological changes can be identified with sufficient acoustic difference between stimuli. This study used a measure of non-instantaneous oscillatory power to explore the neural mechanism associated with impaired and accurate phoneme change detection. Method: Electroencephalography was measured during a multiple deviant mismatch negativity (MMN) paradigm using consonant-vowel-consonant nonword stimuli in participants with WA and neurotypical participants. Oddball stimuli consisted of phonemic changes that could and could not be behaviourally perceived. Sensor level non-zero phase lagged (NZPL) power change, a measure of activity associated with neural interactions, was analysed over the MMN window. Results: Perceptible and non-perceptible phoneme changes were distinguished by NZPL power. Neurotypical and WA participants displayed increased NZPL power to perceptible phoneme changes. Non-perceptible phoneme changes resulted in limited NZPL power change in the neurotypical participants and an unexpected decreased in NZPL power over anterior and central midline and right hemisphere regions in the WA participants. Conclusions: The behavioural percept of phoneme change is associated with wide-spread integrated neural responses. Reduced NZPL power to non-perceived phoneme changes in the WA group indicates reduced neural integration in response to novel phonological information. It is proposed that disrupted ability to form integrated neural responses to auditory-phonological information is a biomarker of the language comprehension impairment in WA.

scholarly journals The heritability of multi-modal connectivity in human brain activity

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giles L Colclough ◽  
Stephen M Smith ◽  
Thomas E Nichols ◽  
Anderson M Winkler ◽  
Stamatios N Sotiropoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Beta Band ◽  
Common Environment ◽  
Human Connectome Project ◽  
Oscillatory Power ◽  
The Common ◽  
Cortical Regions

Patterns of intrinsic human brain activity exhibit a profile of functional connectivity that is associated with behaviour and cognitive performance, and deteriorates with disease. This paper investigates the relative importance of genetic factors and the common environment between twins in determining this functional connectivity profile. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) on 820 subjects from the Human Connectome Project, and magnetoencephalographic (MEG) recordings from a subset, the heritability of connectivity among 39 cortical regions was estimated. On average over all connections, genes account for about 15% of the observed variance in fMRI connectivity (and about 10% in alpha-band and 20% in beta-band oscillatory power synchronisation), which substantially exceeds the contribution from the environment shared between twins. Therefore, insofar as twins share a common upbringing, it appears that genes, rather than the developmental environment, have the dominant role in determining the coupling of neuronal activity.

scholarly journals Phencyclidine-induced psychosis causes hypersynchronization and disruption of connectivity within prefrontal-hippocampal circuits that is rescued by antipsychotic drugs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Delgado-Sallent ◽  
Pau Nebot ◽  
Thomas Gener ◽  
Melina Timplalexi ◽  
Amanda B Fath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Phase Coherence ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Power Coupling ◽  
High Gamma ◽  
Oscillatory Power ◽  
Dopamine And Serotonin Receptors ◽  
Induced Changes

ABSTRACTNeural synchrony and functional connectivity are disrupted in neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. However, these alterations and how they are affected by commonly prescribed neuropsychiatric medication have not been characterized in depth. Here, we investigated changes in neural dynamics of circuits involving the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus during psychosis induced by the NMDAR antagonist phencyclidine and subsequent recovery by three different antipsychotic drugs (APDs), the classical APD haloperidol and two atypical APDs, clozapine and risperidone, in freely moving mice. We found that the psychotomimetic effects of phencyclidine were associated with hypersynchronization and disrupted communication of prefrontal-hippocampal pathways. Major alterations occurred in the prefrontal cortex, where phencyclidine increased oscillatory power at delta, high gamma and high frequencies (<100 Hz) and generated aberrant cross-frequency coupling, suggesting the presence of hypersynchronous cortical microcircuits. Cross-regional coupling and phase coherence were also enhanced, further reflecting that the circuit’s functional connectivity was increased. Phencyclidine also redirected the intrinsic flow of information at theta frequencies that traveled from the hippocampus to the prefrontal cortex into delta rhythms that traveled in the opposite direction. The three APDs rescued most phencyclidine-induced changes in power, coupling, phase coherence, and directionality, suggesting common cellular mechanisms of antipsychotic action. However, some differential effects were identified, likely resulting from the distinct affinity the three APDs have for dopamine and serotonin receptors. We therefore investigated how serotonin 1A (5-HT1AR) and 2A receptors (5-HT2AR) compare to the actions of the APDs. 5-HT2AR antagonism by M100907 and 5-HT1AR agonism by 8-OH-DPAT rescued phencyclidine-induced increased power, coupling and phase coherence but were unable to normalize the circuit’s theta directionality. This suggests that other targets of the AAPDs working in tandem with 5-HT1ARs and 5-HT2ARs are required to ameliorate this key feature of the circuit.

Vivid Imagers Are Better at Detecting Salient Changes

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 218-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Rodway ◽  
Karen Gillies ◽  
Astrid Schepman
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Change Detection ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Level Of Detail ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Change Detection Task ◽  
Term Change ◽  
High Level

This study examined whether individual differences in the vividness of visual imagery influenced performance on a novel long-term change detection task. Participants were presented with a sequence of pictures, with each picture and its title displayed for 17  s, and then presented with changed or unchanged versions of those pictures and asked to detect whether the picture had been changed. Cuing the retrieval of the picture's image, by presenting the picture's title before the arrival of the changed picture, facilitated change detection accuracy. This suggests that the retrieval of the picture's representation immunizes it against overwriting by the arrival of the changed picture. The high and low vividness participants did not differ in overall levels of change detection accuracy. However, in replication of Gur and Hilgard (1975) , high vividness participants were significantly more accurate at detecting salient changes to pictures compared to low vividness participants. The results suggest that vivid images are not characterised by a high level of detail and that vivid imagery enhances memory for the salient aspects of a scene but not all of the details of a scene. Possible causes of this difference, and how they may lead to an understanding of individual differences in change detection, are considered.

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