scholarly journals The semantic control network mediates the relationship between symbolic numerical order processing and arithmetic performance in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 107405
Author(s):  
Gerrit Sommerauer ◽  
Karl-Heinz Graß ◽  
Roland H. Grabner ◽  
Stephan E. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Control Network ◽  
Order Processing ◽  
Numerical Order ◽  
Arithmetic Performance ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The semantic control network mediates the relationship between symbolic numerical order processing and arithmetic performance in children

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit Sommerauer ◽  
Karl-Heinz Grass ◽  
Roland H. Grabner ◽  
Stephan E. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Numerical Magnitude ◽  
Control Network ◽  
List Type ◽  
Order Processing ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Numerical Order ◽  
Arithmetic Performance ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBehavioral and neuroimaging studies have recently demonstrated that symbolic numerical order processing (i.e., deciding whether numbers are in an increasing/decreasing sequence or not) may engages different cognitive mechanisms and brain regions compared to symbolic numerical magnitude processing (e.g., deciding which of two numerals is larger). Because of this behavioral dissociation, growing interest has emerged to better understand the neurocognitive mechanisms of symbolic numerical order processing and their relationship to individual differences in arithmetic performance. In the present functional imaging work, we further investigated this link in a group of thirty children (7.2-10.25 years) from elementary school, who completed a symbolic numerical order verification (are the numbers going up? e.g., 1-2-3), a symbolic numerical magnitude comparison task (which is the larger number? e.g., 5-7), as well as an arithmetic fluency test outside the scanner. Behavioral results demonstrated the unique role of numerical order to predict children’s arithmetic skills and confirmed its mediating power to explain the association between numerical magnitude and arithmetic performance. Imaging results showed a significant association between numerical order and arithmetic in the intersection of the right inferior frontal gyrus and insula, as well as the posterior middle temporal gyrus. An age-dependent change in brain activity was found in the left intraparietal sulcus. These findings solidify the developmental importance of symbolic numerical order processing in children and provides new evidence that the semantic control network mediates the relationship with arithmetic performance.HighlightsReaction times of numerical order are a unique predictor of arithmetic (73)Numerical order mediates the relationship of numerical magnitude with arithmetic (83)Brain activation of numerical order processing changes with age in the left IPS (82)The semantic control network mediates the relationship with arithmetic (79)

EXPRESS: Order Processing of Number Symbols is Influenced by Direction, but not Format

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182110268
Author(s):  
Becky Wong ◽  
Rebecca Bull ◽  
Daniel Ansari ◽  
David M. Watson ◽  
Gregory Arief D. Liem
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Mathematical Achievement ◽  
Number Sequence ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Order Processing ◽  
Number Words ◽  
Number Sequences ◽  
Numerical Order ◽  
The Relationship

This study probed the cognitive mechanisms that underlie order processing for number symbols, specifically the extent to which the direction and format in which number symbols are presented influence the processing of numerical order, as well as the extent to which the relationship between order processing and mathematical achievement is specific to Arabic numerals or generalisable to other notational formats. Seventy adults who were bilingual in English and Chinese completed a Numerical Ordinality Task, using number sequences of various directional conditions (i.e., ascending, descending, mixed) and notational formats (i.e., Arabic numerals, English number words, and Chinese number words). Order processing was found to occur for ascending and descending number sequences (i.e., ordered but not non-ordered trials), with the overall pattern of data supporting the theoretical perspective that the strength and closeness of associations between items in the number sequence could underlie numerical order processing. However, order processing was found to be independent of the notational format in which the stimuli were presented, suggesting that the psychological representations and processes associated with numerical order are abstract across different formats of number symbols. In addition, a relationship between the processing speed for numerical order and mathematical achievement was observed for Arabic numerals and Chinese number words, and to a weaker extent, English number words. Together, our findings have started to uncover the cognitive mechanisms that could underlie order processing for different formats of number symbols, and raise new questions about the generalisability of these findings to other notational formats.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Inventory Management Systems on Organizational Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Yoweri Rutagira ◽  
Richard Opaka Awichi
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Inventory Control ◽  
Inventory Management ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Maintenance Policy ◽  
Materials Handling ◽  
Order Processing ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
The Relationship

The main purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of physical distribution management on organizational performance by Rutungu Distributors Ltd, Kampala (U). The study assessed the relationship between order processing and organizational performance in Rutungu Distributors Ltd in an attempt to establish the relationship between storage and organizational performance in the organization. It also sought to find out the relationship between other aspects of inventory management on organizational performance within the company. The research used a case study design approach which was correlational considering both quantitative and qualitative approaches in the data collection, presentation, and analysis. The population of the study was several categories of employees of the company. Findings from the study depicted that there is a positive significant relationship between order processing and organizational performance implying that when a customer submits an order, it is verified to ensure the necessary information is included and processed promptly. Storage and organizational performance; this means that the company can reduce damage through good materials handling. There was a positive significant relationship between inventory control and organizational performance as a result of heavy investment in inventory control practices and procedures. There was also a positive significant relationship between transportation and organizational performance showing that the company has an effective automated transportation system, observes well-coordinated fleet management practices, and also has a good vehicle maintenance policy. The study thus recommends the company to continue reducing the time it takes to get an order to a customer’s premises and to replenish its stores as it is what every company desires, but while faster fulfilment and small order sizes make customers, and store managers happy, faster fulfilment comes at a cost.

Pengaruh Volume Perdagangan dan Retum terhadap Bid-Ask Spread

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Nico Yopida ◽  
Umi Murtini
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Trade Volume ◽  
Informational Asymmetry ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Order Processing ◽  
Bid Ask Spread ◽  
Holding Cost ◽  
Inventory Holding ◽  
The Relationship

Bid ask spread is afunction of three components which are; order processing, inventory holding, and informational asymmetry. Although holding cost and infurmational asymmetry can not be directly obsertted and needs a specific measurement, these two costs are interesting to be examined. The present paper aims to observe empirical evidences about the relationship between trade and return as a holding cost meaurernent for bid-ask spread. The samples are drawn -fro* companies listed on Jakarta Stock Exchange (JSE and included in rneasurement factors of ILQ-45 fro* January 2004 until December 2004. Using Error Correction Model (ECM), the result shows that the relationship between a trade volume series, return, and bid-ask spread are not either relatively or absolutely having a long-term equilibrium.Keywords : Bid-ask spread, return, statianary, co-integration.

Critiques: Cognitive Skills and Arithmetic Performance: A Reply to Steffe and Cobb

1983 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-79
Author(s):  
James Hiebert ◽  
Thomas P. Carpenter ◽  
James M. Moser
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Arithmetic Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Investigating relationships between major domains of knowledge is a complex task. A number of fundamental questions often accompany such attempts, and our study on the relationship between cognitive skills and arithmetic performance is no exception. Steffe and Cobb (1983) identified some of these questions. This interchange, we hope, will help to clarify the issues and the alternative views.

Automatic and intentional processing of numerical order and its relationship to arithmetic performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 30-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan E. Vogel ◽  
Nikolaus Koren ◽  
Stefan Falb ◽  
Martina Haselwander ◽  
Anna Spradley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Order ◽  
Arithmetic Performance

scholarly journals fMRI Evidence of Magnitude Manipulation during Numerical Order Processing in Congenitally Deaf Signers

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefine Andin ◽  
Peter Fransson ◽  
Jerker Rönnberg ◽  
Mary Rudner
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Networks ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Letter Identification ◽  
Visual Stream ◽  
Order Processing ◽  
Order Task ◽  
Numerical Order ◽  
Horizontal Portion ◽  
Significant Activation ◽  
Deaf Signers

Congenital deafness is often compensated by early sign language use leading to typical language development with corresponding neural underpinnings. However, deaf individuals are frequently reported to have poorer numerical abilities than hearing individuals and it is not known whether the underlying neuronal networks differ between groups. In the present study, adult deaf signers and hearing nonsigners performed a digit and letter order tasks, during functional magnetic resonance imaging. We found the neuronal networks recruited in the two tasks to be generally similar across groups, with significant activation in the dorsal visual stream for the letter order task, suggesting letter identification and position encoding. For the digit order task, no significant activation was found for either of the two groups. Region of interest analyses on parietal numerical processing regions revealed different patterns of activation across groups. Importantly, deaf signers showed significant activation in the right horizontal portion of the intraparietal sulcus for the digit order task, suggesting engagement of magnitude manipulation during numerical order processing in this group.

scholarly journals Neurocognitive Psychometrics of Intelligence: How Measurement Advancements Unveiled the Role of Mental Speed in Intelligence Differences

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Lena Schubert ◽  
Gidon T. Frischkorn
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Order Processing ◽  
The Relationship

More intelligent individuals typically show faster reaction times. However, individual differences in reaction times do not represent individual differences in a single cognitive process but in multiple cognitive processes. Thus, it is unclear whether the association between mental speed and intelligence reflects advantages in a specific cognitive process or in general processing speed. In this article, we present a neurocognitive-psychometrics account of mental speed that decomposes the relationship between mental speed and intelligence. We summarize research employing mathematical models of cognition and chronometric analyses of neural processing to identify distinct stages of information processing strongly related to intelligence differences. Evidence from both approaches suggests that the speed of higher-order processing is greater in smarter individuals, which may reflect advantages in the structural and functional organization of brain networks. Adopting a similar neurocognitive-psychometrics approach for other cognitive processes associated with intelligence (e.g., working memory or executive control) may refine our understanding of the basic cognitive processes of intelligence.

Process Testing: Is The Detroit the Answer?

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Olson ◽  
Cecil Mercer ◽  
Dan Paulson
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Achievement Test ◽  
Underlying Process ◽  
Wide Range Achievement Test ◽  
Process Testing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Arithmetic Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Wide Range Achievement

The relationship between performance on selected subtests of the Detroit Test of Learning Aptitude (DTLA) and academic performance as measured by the Wide Range Achievement Test was analyzed for a group of 65 learning disabled adolescents. An examination of the results found only one significant correlation between the Oral Direction subtest and arithmetic performance. It was concluded that use of the DTLA seems unwarranted as a measure for predicting academic achievement variables underlying process disorders in adolescents.

scholarly journals Methodology of Analysing Geodetic Network as Basis for Developing Mobile Application for Its Ongoing Update

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Przewięźlikowska ◽  
Wioletta Ślusarczyk ◽  
Klaudia Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Geodetic Network ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Vertical Control ◽  
Set Of Points ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The final result of surveys largely depends on the accuracy and timeliness of the control network. This research paper presents the relationship between the condition of the points and the area where they are located. The main goal of this study is to present the methodology of a detailed analysis of the database of vertical control points in a selected area that is used to develop a mobile application intended for the update of the existing set of points of the vertical control network on an ongoing basis. In order to prepare the mobile application for the ongoing update of the control network, it is necessary to define detailed procedures for dealing with the database of points. These procedures concern the determination of the methodology of making an inventory of the existing database, and then the determination of the rules for updating the control network using the developed application.

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