scholarly journals An empirical method to estimate earthquake direct economic losses using building damages in high intensity area as a proxy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xihai Zhang ◽  
Xun Zeng ◽  
Gaozhong Nie ◽  
Xiwei Fan
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Direct Economic Losses

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF HYPODERMA BOVIS AND THE ECONOMIC LOSSES CAUSED BY THE INFESTATION IN CATTLE HIDES

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-98
Author(s):  
Mohammed Awad Mallah ◽  
Raad Harbi Rahif
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Hypoderma Bovis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Research Plan ◽  
College Farm ◽  
Low Rate

One thousand nine hundred thirty three cattle were examined, at age six months – eight years, slaughtered at Al-Shuala abattoir and market for selling the animals and also cows reared in 7 Nissan plan in Al-Ameria research plan belonging to IBA center for agricultural research, for a period extended from September 2001 until June 2002. The results of the study showed that the rate of infestation with Hypoderma bovis was 10.34% and the larvae were found in November and the higher rate of infestation was in December and reached 23.5%, while the lower rate was in May and reached 3.7%. Animals at age of 3-< 5.5 years showed the higher rate of infestation and reached 13.28% while others at age of 5.5 – 8 years showed the lower rate of infestation and reached 8.75% with significant difference (P< 0.05). The economic losses caused by infestation with Hypoderma bovis were evaluated. In Al-Shuala slaughterhouse infestation ranged from low intensity (1-5 bores) and it's higher rate was 25.9% in November, to moderate (6-10 bores) with the rate 13.9% and high (>10 bores) and its rate 6.3% in January. The over all losses were 859945.95Dinars. In Al-Karkch abattoir the higher rate of low intensity was 17% in January, the moderate infestation was 13.3% in November and the high intensity was 12.1% in January and the overall losses caused by different degree of infestation was 1177618.55 Dinars. A higher low rate 15%, moderate 10% and high 5% infestation were found in November and the overall losses reached 329450.75 Dinars .The study didn't show any losses in 7 Nissan and Al-Ameria Research plans and Veterinary Medicine College farm.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Helminth Infections Identified in Slaughtered Livestock in Iran, 2015-2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Kiani ◽  
Christine M. Budke ◽  
Ebrahim Shams Abadi ◽  
Soheil Hashtarkhani ◽  
Amene Raouf Rahmati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Northwestern Iran ◽  
Direct Economic Losses

Abstract Introduction: Helminth infections of livestock can result in considerable economic losses. This study aims to evaluate the spatial frequency of cystic echinococcosis (CE), dicrocoeliasis, and fascioliasis in livestock slaughtered in Iran during the years 2015-2019 and estimate direct costs associated with organ condemnation due to these parasites.Methods: Abattoir data from all 31 Iranian provinces were collected from the Iran Veterinary Organization. Infection prevalence was calculated per year at the province level. The Local Moran's I statistic was performed to evaluate spatial autocorrelation of animals positive at slaughter for the years 2015-2019. Direct costs associated with condemned livers were calculated for each parasitic condition. Results: Overall prevalence values for the study timeframe were as follows: sheep and goat fascioliasis (1.5%, 910,282/58,393,349), cattle fascioliasis (3.8%, 23,3175/6,038,419), sheep and goat dicrocoeliasis (4.6%; 270,1274/58,393,349), cattle dicrocoeliasis (3.1%; 186,009/6,038,419), sheep and goat CE (5.3%; 3,108,767/58,393,349), and cattle CE (7.2%; 438,534/6,038,419). Northwestern Iran had the highest prevalence of CE and fascioliasis. High infection areas for Dicrocoelium spp. included the provinces of Zanjan, Gilan, Qazvin, and Tehran, which are located in northern Iran. Direct economic losses for sheep and goat fascioliasis, dicrocoeliasis, and CE for the study period were US$13,841,826, US$41,768,472, and US$22,801,296, respectively. Direct economic losses for cattle fascioliasis, dicrocoeliasis, and CE for the study period were US$1,989,582, US$1,669,289, and US$2,656,535, respectively.Conclusion: Our findings provide valuable data for future monitoring of these important parasitic diseases in Iranian livestock. Disease control strategies are required to reduce the economic and public health impact of these helminths.

Building an Awareness Model of Emergency Supplies Dispatching for Tropical Cyclone Disasters in Guangxi

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-171
Author(s):  
Guoyou Yue ◽  
Boonsub Panichakarn
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Disaster Relief ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Beibu Gulf ◽  
Distribution Centers ◽  
Emergency Logistics ◽  
Displaced People ◽  
Direct Economic Losses ◽  
The Impact

It is found that Guangxi is affected by many tropical cyclones (generally referred to as typhoons in China) every year. According to the statistics of typhoons that entered the inland of Guangxi from 1970 to 2013, 89 typhoons entered Guangxi in 44 years, with an average of 2 typhoons per year (Jing Li, Liyan Qi, 2015). And these tropical cyclone disasters have caused a large number of casualties and economic losses in Guangxi. Typhoon No. 0606 "Prapiroon" entered Guangxi from Yulin city, causing 74 counties (cities and districts) in Guangxi to suffer disasters, affecting 5.76 million people, killing 34 people and causing direct economic losses of 7 billion yuan (Jing Li, et al., 2007). In addition, according to the report of Guangxi Civil Affairs Department, super typhoon No. 1409 "Rammasun" landed in Fangchenggang area of Beibu Gulf, causing 4.3211 million people in 11 cities and 57 counties (cities and districts) including Beihai and Fangchenggang to suffer disaster, affecting 1.456 million hectares of crops, 8,527 farmhouses collapsed, and the direct economic losses reached 13.84 billion yuan. Moreover, the number and intensity of tropical cyclone that caused serious damage to Guangxi increased gradually. The damage caused by tropical cyclone is very huge, the disaster area is widely distributed, and the loss of many people is also very large. How to deliver the emergency supplies to the victims timely at minimum cost becomes the key to disaster relief. But the emergency supplies dispatching involves many problems. Because the displaced people are distributed in different settlements. The extent of the impact varies from place to place and the type and amount of emergency supplies needed. The distance between settlements and distribution centers varies from place to place, as does the connectivity of roads. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an awareness model for emergency supplies dispatching to solve these problems, so that emergency agencies of governments at all levels can make emergency supplies dispatching scheme faster and improve disaster relief effects. Keywords: Emergency Logistics, Tropical Cyclone Disasters, Emergency Supplies Dispatching, Transshipment Problem, Guangxi

Cost Estimation Method of Post-Earthquake Rehabilitation of Power System

2012 ◽  
Vol 446-449 ◽  
pp. 3083-3086
Author(s):  
Yan Ru Wang ◽  
Jun Wu Dai ◽  
Mao Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Adjustment Factor ◽  
System Cost ◽  
Rehabilitation Work ◽  
5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Direct Economic Losses

Power system related to the people's livelihood is an important lifeline and its rapid post-earthquake rehabilitation and reconstruction is particularly important. Considering the importance of power system, cost estimation method of post-earthquake rehabilitation of power system is proposed. Based on the direct economic losses of power system, post-earthquake rehabilitation cost is given by index of the post-earthquake adjustment factor which is put forward according to post-earthquake rehabilitation cost and direct economic losses of power system in “5.12” Wenchuan earthquake. Cost estimation method of post-earthquake rehabilitation of power system could provide good suggestions for post-earthquake rehabilitation work.

Discussion on Seismic Reinforcement Methods of Current Bridges

2013 ◽  
Vol 405-408 ◽  
pp. 2000-2005
Author(s):  
Chi Yu Jiao ◽  
Zhe Sun
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Disaster Area ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Preliminary Research ◽  
Important Significance

China is a seismic country, which not only has its own features of high intensity and frequency but also has a wide range of distribution .The bridge, as the transportation hub engineering of lifeline,will endanger people's safety of life and cause huge economic losses ,and meanwhile hinder the relief and reconstruction in disaster area once damaged in the earthquake. Based on the documents of bridge seismic reinforcement methods from home and abroad, a preliminary research and analysis are conducted and the basic structure of the form and corresponding seismic reinforcement methods of the current city bridge are summarized, moreover, the preliminary induction and analysis are also carried on.The study will have important significance to existing bridge seismic reinforcement methods , as well to the reasonable seismic design and seismic construction measures of the newly built bridge.

Trend Study on Economic Loss Induced by Typhoon Disaster in Chinas Southeast Coast

2013 ◽  
Vol 353-356 ◽  
pp. 2353-2356
Author(s):  
Bei Lei Xu ◽  
Li Ding Liu ◽  
Bai Feng Ji
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Southeastern China ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Exponential Regression ◽  
Southeast Coast ◽  
Typhoon Disaster ◽  
Direct Economic Losses

Chinas southeast coast is one of the regions with most severely influenced by typhoons in the world, which suffers significant casualties and huge economic losses every year. In this paper, the trends of economic loss educed by typhoon disaster in coastal areas of southeastern china were studied using regression analysis methods. Firstly, the data sources were introduced and the typhoon landing areas are all over the east coast of China were analyzed.Then, development trends of the affected area , deaths, houses collapsed and the direct economic losses were studied in detail. The results indicate that the affected area and deaths induced by typhoon disaster fluctuate greatly and the number of deaths has been showing a declining trend. The linear regression, exponential regression and logistic regression analysis results all indicate that the number of houses collapsed due to Typhoon present a downward trend year by year while the direct economic losses induced by typhoon disaster present an upward trend year by year.

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