scholarly journals Branched-chain amino acids, history of gestational diabetes, and breastfeeding: The Bogalusa Heart Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 2077-2084
Author(s):  
Emily W. Harville ◽  
Lydia Bazzano ◽  
Lu Qi ◽  
Jiang He ◽  
Kirsten Dorans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Bogalusa Heart Study ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Branched Chain

scholarly journals Dietary Intakes and Circulating Concentrations of Branched-Chain Amino Acids in Relation to Incident Type 2 Diabetes Risk Among High-Risk Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1203-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre K Tobias ◽  
Clary Clish ◽  
Samia Mora ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Liming Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
High Risk Women ◽  
History Of ◽  
Branched Chain

Abstract BACKGROUND Circulating branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; isoleucine, leucine, valine) are consistently associated with increased type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, but the relationship with dietary intake of BCAAs is less clear. METHODS The longitudinal Nurses' Health Study II cohort conducted a blood collection from 1996 to 1999. We profiled plasma metabolites among 172 incident T2D cases and 175 age-matched controls from women reporting a history of gestational diabetes before blood draw. We estimated dietary energy-adjusted BCAAs from food frequency questionnaires. We used conditional logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI of T2D risk across quartiles (Q1–Q4) of BCAAs, adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, family history, and other established risk factors. We also assessed joint exposure to below/above medians of diet and plasma concentrations, with lower diet/lower plasma as reference. RESULTS Dietary and plasma BCAA concentrations were positively associated with incident T2D (diet Q4 vs Q1 OR = 4.6, CI = 1.6, 13.4; plasma Q4 vs Q1 OR = 4.4, CI = 1.4, 13.4). Modeling the joint association indicated that higher diet BCAAs were associated with T2D when plasma concentrations were also higher (OR = 6.0, CI = 2.1, 17.2) but not when concentrations were lower (OR = 1.6, CI = 0.61, 4.1). Conversely, higher plasma BCAAs were associated with increased T2D for either lower or higher diet. CONCLUSIONS Independent of BMI and other risk factors, higher diet and plasma BCAA concentrations were associated with an increased incident T2D risk among high-risk women with a history of gestational diabetes, supporting impaired BCAA metabolism as conferring T2D risk.

Abstract P097: Consumption of Branched Chain Amino Acids and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in US Men and Women

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qibin Qi ◽  
Kathryn Rexrode ◽  
Eric Rimm ◽  
Walter Willett ◽  
JoAnn Manson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Branched Chain

Background Plasma concentrations of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs; valine, leucine, and isoleucine) have recently been associated with risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD), including obesity and type 2 diabetes. Diet is the only source of these essential amino acids in humans. However, it is unknown whether dietary BCAA intake is associated with risk of CHD. Methods and Results The present study included 74,275 women and 44,421 men from two prospective cohorts: the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) who were free of diagnosed cardiovascular disease, diabetes or cancer at baseline. We documented 3,060 incident CHD events (including nonfatal myocardial infarction and fatal CHD) during 24 years follow-up of the NHS and 4,128 incident CHD events during 22 years follow-up of the HPFS. BCAA intake was calculated by summing intakes of valine, leucine, and isoleucine estimated from food frequency questionnaires obtained every 4 years. After adjustment for age, ethnicity, smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, family history of myocardial infarction, history of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, aspirin use, menopausal status (women only), glycemic load, intakes of total energy, cereal fiber, fruits, vegetables, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat and trans fat, BCAA intake was significantly associated with increased risk of CHD in women (for highest vs lowest quintiles of BCAA intake, hazard ratio [HR] = 1.40 [95% CI 1.21-1.62]; P for trend <0.001), men (HR = 1.15 [1.02-1.29]; P for trend =0.01) and combined by meta-analysis (HR = 1.24 [1.13-1.36]; P for trend <0.001). Adjustment for body mass index and diabetes status attenuated the association but the result remained significant in the combined samples (HR = 1.13 [1.04-1.24] for highest vs lowest quintiles of BCAA intake; P for trend =0.008). In separate analyses, intakes of individual BCAA (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) were each associated with increased risk of CHD. Conclusions Our data suggest that higher consumption of BCAAs is associated with moderately increased risk of CHD in women and men and the association is partly explained by obesity and diabetes status.

The Weight Loss Effects of Branched Chain Amino Acids and Vitamin B6: A Randomized Controlled Trial on Obese and Overweight Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Shakibay Novin ◽  
Saeed Ghavamzadeh ◽  
Alireza Mehdizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Branched Chain

Abstract. Branched chain amino acids (BCAA), with vitamin B6 have been reported to improve fat metabolism and muscle synthesis. We hypothesized that supplementation with BCAA and vitamin B6 would result in more weight loss and improve body composition and blood markers related to cardiovascular diseases. Our aim was to determine whether the mentioned supplementation would affect weight loss, body composition, and cardiovascular risk factors during weight loss intervention. To this end, we performed a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial in 42 overweight and obese women (BMI = 25–34.9 kg/m2). Taking a four-week moderate deficit calorie diet (–500 kcal/day), participants were randomized to receive BCAA (6 g/day) with vitamin B6 (40 mg/day) or placebo. Body composition variables measured with the use of bioelectrical impedance analysis, homeostatic model assessment, and plasma insulin, Low density lipoprotein, High density lipoprotein, Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride, and fasting blood sugar were measured. The result indicated that, weight loss was not significantly affected by BCAA and vitamin B6 supplementation (–2.43 ± 1.02 kg) or placebo (–1.64 ± 1.48 kg). However, significant time × treatment interactions in waist to hip ratio (P = 0.005), left leg lean (P = 0.004) and right leg lean (P = 0.023) were observed. Overall, supplementation with BCAA and vitamin B6 could preserve legs lean and also attenuated waist to hip ratio.

Branched chain amino acids decrease top-down event-related potentials in healthy subjects

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
AH Neuhaus ◽  
TE Goldberg ◽  
Y Hassoun ◽  
JA Bates ◽  
KW Nassauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Branched Chain

Isoleucine Plays an Important Role for Maintaining Immune Function

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 644-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changsong Gu ◽  
Xiangbing Mao ◽  
Daiwen Chen ◽  
Bing Yu ◽  
Qing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Host Defense Peptides ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
The Relationship

Branched chain amino acids are the essential nutrients for humans and many animals. As functional amino acids, they play important roles in physiological functions, including immune functions. Isoleucine, as one of the branched chain amino acids, is also critical in physiological functions of the whole body, such as growth, immunity, protein metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and glucose transportation. Isoleucine can improve the immune system, including immune organs, cells and reactive substances. Recent studies have also shown that isoleucine may induce the expression of host defense peptides (i.e., &#946;-defensins) that can regulate host innate and adaptive immunity. In addition, isoleucine administration can restore the effect of some pathogens on the health of humans and animals via increasing the expression of &#946;-defensins. Therefore, the present review will emphatically discuss the effect of isoleucine on immunity while summarizing the relationship between branched chain amino acids and immune functions.

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