Independent prognostic factors of 861 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma in Korean adults

Objective: Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) are key players in host immune evasion and oncogenic activation, respectively. Evidence of the prognostic role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is conflicting. This study examined the associations of PD-L1 and mTOR expression with 5-year overall survival in OSCC patients. Material and Methods: The expressions of PD-L1 and mTOR proteins were immunohistochemically evaluated on tissue microarrays of 191 patients with OSCC who were treated by surgery at Songklanagarind Hospital, Thailand from 2008 to 2011. Cox regression analysis was used to determine independent prognostic factors. Results: PD-L1 expression was observed in 14.1% of cases while mTOR expression was present in 74.3% of cases. Females were more likely to have tumors with PD-L1 (p-value=0.007) and mTOR expressions (p-value=0.003) than males. In addition, lower clinical stage and well differentiated tumor are more likely to have mTOR expression (p-value= 0.038 and p-value<0.001, respectively). Cox regression analysis showed that age, tumor stage, nodal stage, combined surgical treatment with radiation or chemoradiation therapy, surgical margin status, PD-L1 expression and mTOR expression are independent prognostic factors. High PD-L1 expression (hazard ratio (HR) 3.14, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.26–7.79) and high mTOR expression (HR 1.69, 95% CI, 1.00–2.84) are strong predictors of poor outcome. Conclusion: A proportion of OSCC expressed PD-L1 and mTOR proteins. Expression of PD-L1 and mTOR proteins are strong prognostic factors of OSCC.

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Prognostic factors and survival analysis in a sample of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients

Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology and Endodontology ◽

10.1016/j.tripleo.2008.07.002 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 106 (5) ◽

pp. 685-695 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Lucinei Roberto Oliveira ◽

Alfredo Ribeiro-Silva ◽

João Paulo Oliveira Costa ◽

Aguinaldo Luiz Simões ◽

Miguel Angel Sala Di Matteo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Survival Analysis ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell

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pEGFR-Tyr 845 expression as prognostic factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Cancer Biology & Therapy ◽

10.4161/cbt.20991 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 967-977 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Gabriella Aquino ◽

Giuseppe Pannone ◽

Angela Santoro ◽

Giuseppina Liguori ◽

Renato Franco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell

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The Outline of Prognosis and New Advances in Diagnosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC): Review of the Literature

Journal of Oral Oncology ◽

10.1155/2013/519312 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Esam Ahmad Omar

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Oral Cancer ◽

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Publication Date ◽

Depth Of Invasion ◽

Tumour Thickness

Objective. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has a remarkable incidence over the world and a fairly strenuous prognosis, encouraging further research on the prognostic factors and new techniques for diagnosis that might modify disease outcome. Data Sources. A web-based search for all types of articles published was initiated using Medline/Pub Med, with the key words such as oral cancer, prognostic factors of oral cancer, diagnostic method of oral cancer, and imaging techniques for diagnosis of oral cancer. The search was restricted to articles published in English, with no publication date restriction (last update April, 2013). Review Methods. In this paper, I approach the factors of prognosis of OSCC and the new advances in diagnostic technologies as well. I also reviewed available studies of the tissue fluorescence spectroscopy and other noninvasive diagnostic aids for OSCC. Results. The outcome is greatly influenced by the stage of the disease (especially TNM). Prognosis also depends or varies with tumour primary site, nodal involvement, tumour thickness, and the status of the surgical margins. Conclusion. Tumour diameter is not the most accurate when compared to tumour thickness or depth of invasion, which can be related directly to prognosis. There is a wide agreement on using ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration biopsies in the evaluation of lymph node metastasis.

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A Comparative Study between Broders and Brynes Grading System of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Relation to Histopathological Prognostic Factors

Saudi Journal of Pathology and Microbiology ◽

10.36348/sjpm.2019.v04i10.004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 04 (10) ◽

pp. 719-724

Author(s):

Shanthi Vissa ◽

Keerthi Nivedita ◽

Kharidehal Durga ◽

Nandam Mohan Rao ◽

Byna Syam Sundara Rao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Grading System

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Clinicopathological Study of Prognostic Factors in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The Journal of the Kyushu Dental Society ◽

10.2504/kds.51.580 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 51 (5) ◽

pp. 580-588

Author(s):

Kenich Manabe

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Clinicopathological Study

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Prognostic factors, failure patterns and survival analysis in patients with resectable oral squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue

Radiation Oncology Journal ◽

10.3857/roj.2018.00577 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 73-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kanika Sharma ◽

Parveen Ahlawat ◽

Munish Gairola ◽

Sarthak Tandon ◽

Nishtha Sachdeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Survival Analysis ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Failure Patterns ◽

Carcinoma Of The Tongue

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Experience of cetuximab in the salvage treatment for recurrent/metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e16006 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e16006-e16006

Author(s):

Jin-Ching Lin ◽

Shih-An Liu ◽

Chen-Chi Wang ◽

Ching-Ping Wang

Keyword(s):

Overall Survival ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Response Rate ◽

Karnofsky Performance Status ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Disease Extent

e16006 Background: We investigated the efficacy, toxicity, and prognostic factors of salvage chemotherapy plus cetuximab in patients with recurrent/metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: A total of 30 patients with recurrent/metastatic OSCC were treated by an outpatient weekly multi-drug combination chemotherapy plus cetuximab 400 mg/m2 loading in day 1, then 250 mg/m2 every week. The major chemotherapy regimen consisted of MEMOCLUB (methotrexate 30 mg/m2 d1, epirubicin 30 mg/m2 d1, alternating with mitomycin-C 4 mg/m2 d8, oncovin 1 mg/m2 d8, cisplatin 25 mg/m2 d8, leucovorin 120 mg/m2 d8, 5-fluorouracil 1000 mg/m2 d8, and bleomycin 10 mg/m2 d8) or GV (gemcitabine 1000mg/m2 d1, and vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 d8). Results: Baseline characteristics are as followings: median age=45 (range 32-73); male/female=28/2; Karnofsky performance status 80%/70%/60%/50%=7/18/3/2. Most patients had heavily treated history — first recurrence in 11 cases, second recurrence in 6, and third or more recurrence in 13. The disease extent consists of 25 (83.3%) locoregional recurrences, 3 (10.0%) distant metastasis, and 2 (6.7%) locoregional + metastatic diseases. Grade 3/4 toxicity included leucopenia (46.7%), anemia (33.3%), thrombocytopenia (6.7%), mucositis (6.7%) and skin rashes (20.0%). We obtained a high overall response rate of 66.7% (7 CR, 13 PR, 6 SD, 3 PD, and 1 unevaluable). So far, there are 22 deaths and 8 alive. The overall survival time ranges from 48-1365 days with a median of 312 days. One-year overall survival rate is 49%. Two favorable prognostic factors were found by univariate analysis- disease extent (locoregional vs. distant disease, HR=0.1509, 95%CI=0.0008-0.0592) and tumor response (CR+PR vs. SD+PD, HR=0.2255, 95%CI=0.0277-0.2984). Conclusions: Cetuximab plus weekly outpatient multi-drug chemotherapy has a high response rate and encouraging survival with acceptable toxicity in recurrent/metastatic OSCC patients.

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