Population Health Trends in the Delivery of High Value Care for Knee Osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
pp. 100902
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Duckworth ◽  
Chad Mather ◽  
William Jiranek ◽  
Karl Koenig ◽  
Prakash Jayakumar
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Health Trends

Forecasting the extent of future public health challenges using the Scottish Burden of Disease study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
G M A Wyper ◽  
E Fletcher ◽  
I Grant ◽  
G McCartney ◽  
D L Stockton
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Health Trends ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The Future ◽  
Public Health Challenges ◽  
Disease Study

Abstract Background Over the next 25 years in Scotland there is expected to be negative natural change in population growth in a rapidly ageing population. Recent evidence has highlighted the slowing of life expectancy gains and worsening trends in self-assessed general health. We have adapted the Scottish Burden of Disease study to forecast how demographic and health trends will shape future public health challenges. This is important in order to inform policy, service and workforce planning to meet anticipated needs. Methods For a baseline period of 2014-16 Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) were estimated for 132 causes of burden using routine data sources and patient-level record linkage techniques. Disability weights and disease models used to calculate Years Lived with Disability (YLD) were largely based on those from the Global Burden of Disease study, with life tables used to facilitate calculations of Years of Life Lost (YLL). The leading 20 causes were identified and trends in the occurrence of morbidity and mortality are currently being estimated up until 2019, and forecast to 2040, using age-period-cohort modelling. Crude and age-standardised rates will be used to monitor changes due to demography and exposure to the wider social determinants of health. Results In 2014-16, the leading causes of burden were ischaemic heart disease, neck and low back pain, depression, lung cancer and cerebrovascular disease. The leading 20 causes represented 68% of all-cause DALYs with ill-health and disability causing almost half of the burden. Conclusions Insights of the future trajectory of population health equip us with strong evidence to influence the need for a strong policy response on prevention. Estimates of the future occurrence of morbidities can be embedded in planning to ensure that services and the care workforce are proportionately designed to meet the increasing needs of a vulnerable ageing population. Key messages The most recent assessment highlighted that non-fatal and fatal health states approximately contribute equally to the overall disease burden in Scotland. Evidencing how future demographic and population health trends interact allows us to ensure that policy responses, care services and the care workforce can be designed based on anticipated needs.

125: DEVELOPMENT OF CRITICAL CARE DATAMART FOR EFFECTIVENESS RESEARCH AND POPULATION HEALTH TRENDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-45
Author(s):  
Carlos Valle ◽  
Lourdes Rojas ◽  
Chintan Bhatt ◽  
Eduardo Martinez DuBouchet ◽  
Lisa-Mae Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Effectiveness Research ◽  
Health Trends

Global Urbanization and Health Trends

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-55
Author(s):  
Ana V. Diez Roux
Keyword(s):  
Population Health ◽  
Urban Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Health Trends

This chapter describes global urbanization trends and key demographic and economic characteristics of cities across the globe. It briefly reviews the implications of urbanization for the environment. The chapter also includes an overview of population health in cities and how health is linked to the urban context. It concludes with a discussion of how urban health issues are reflected in various global agendas.

scholarly journals Economic growth, population health and Sustainable Development Goal 8

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Brunner ◽  
N Cable ◽  
H Iso
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
High Income ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Health Trends ◽  
Co2 Output ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post War

Abstract High-income countries (HICs), including UK, Germany and Japan, are reducing CO2 output relative to economic growth. SDG8 refers to 'sustainable growth' but does not differentiate between low, middle- and high-income countries. The United Nations target is for net-zero CO2 emissions by 2050, therefore there is a strong case for exploring the implications of low or zero economic growth among HICs as a mechanism for limiting climate change. A key consideration is whether progress in population health would stall if HIC economies stopped growing. We examined headline health statistics among HIC countries for evidence of divergence in health trends. We looked for associations between trajectories of national economies and health trends over the past four decades. Age-standardised death rates were calculated from all-cause and cause-specific rates in the WHO mortality database. All-cause mortality (ACM) rates declined in parallel in UK, France and Japan, from about 700 to 400/100,000 in the period 1980-2010, with the lowest rates in Japan. Decline in the ACM rate in USA was shallower 1980-2010. In the decade of austerity following the banking crisis, the ACM rate in USA and UK stopped declining. The Japanese ACM rate continued its rapid post-war decline in the two decades of economic stagnation after 1990. Trends in Japanese coronary heart disease, stroke and cancer mortality rates, but not those for suicide, were consistently favourable in the recent period. The natural before-and-after experiment in Japan, of high economic growth in the decades to 1990, and low growth after 1990, is an example of a HIC with continuing progress in population health in a long period of low growth. Repeat measures of subjective, self-rated health from a population-based Japanese survey series (1986-2013) add to the evidence from objective mortality rate trends. Progress in population health does not need to stall if HIC economies focus on combatting climate change instead of growth.

scholarly journals Monitoring Progress in Population Health: Trends in Premature Death Rates

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick L. Remington ◽  
Bridget B. Catlin ◽  
David A. Kindig
Keyword(s):  
Population Health ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Health Trends ◽  
Monitoring Progress

scholarly journals 22.E. Workshop: The planet, economic growth and ourselves: evidence from population health trends in rich countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
G7 Countries ◽  
Health Trends ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rich Countries ◽  
Health And Health Inequalities

Abstract Sustainable Development Goal 8 (SDG8) calls for sustainable economic growth, and this is essential for improving population health in developing countries. However, SDG8 also raises a vital and poorly addressed question for rich countries. Is it possible for population health to continue to improve rather than stagnate or even worsen over long periods of zero or low economic growth? The Preston curve, relating average income per person to life expectancy at one point in time, shows the association across countries is highly nonlinear, but does not assess the longitudinal relationship within countries. In the past decade of low growth and austerity, long-term increasing life expectancy trends in UK and USA have stalled. The reasons for the interruption in health improvement are disputed, and include increased socioeconomic and geographic inequalities, such as early disadvantage, and deaths of despair. If the pattern of low growth and stagnant health trends was repeated across rich countries, there would be reason for concern that continuing population health improvement was incompatible with an environmentally sustainable economy. The workshop will examine evidence from G7 countries on trends in health and health inequalities over the past 40 years. The headline health indicators are life expectancy, lifespan variation, all-cause and cause-specific mortality and self-rated health. The workshop will bring together recent findings from two distinct research networks, based in UK, Japan and Sweden. The research has been conducted independently, yet is highly complementary in respect of population health trends in the context of the SDG8 policy question: is it possible that rich countries could thrive, absent of economic growth? Key messages The relation between economic growth and population health is a vitally important consideration, as policy makers strive to meet climate change targets. Among G7 countries, recent trends in health and health inequalities are both adverse (USA, UK) and favourable (Japan) indicating that low growth can be compatible with improving population health.

Business: The Electronic Health Record: Front Line Experience

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Rosemary Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Electronic Health Record ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Record ◽  
Health Trends ◽  
Electronic Health

National legislation is in place to facilitate reform of the United States health care industry. The Health Care Information Technology and Clinical Health Act (HITECH) offers financial incentives to hospitals, physicians, and individual providers to establish an electronic health record that ultimately will link with the health information technology of other health care systems and providers. The information collected will facilitate patient safety, promote best practice, and track health trends such as smoking and childhood obesity.

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