scholarly journals Sex differences in emotion-related cognitive processes in irritable bowel syndrome and healthy control subjects

Pain ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (10) ◽  
pp. 2088-2099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer S. Labus ◽  
Arpana Gupta ◽  
Kristen Coveleskie ◽  
Kirsten Tillisch ◽  
Lisa Kilpatrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Anti-Zein Antibodies: A Comparative Study between Celiac Disease and Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 649
Author(s):  
Luis Alberto Sánchez-Vargas ◽  
Karina Guadalupe Hernández-Flores ◽  
Francisco Javier Cabrera-Jorge ◽  
José María Remes-Troche ◽  
Job Reyes-Huerta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Gliadin Peptides ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
First Time

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by exposure to dietary gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. In contrast, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder affecting the large intestine, without an autoimmune component. Here, we evaluated the prevalence of IgA and IgG antibodies to maize zeins (AZA) in patients with CD and IBS. Using an in-house ELISA assay, the IgA and IgG anti-zein antibodies in the serum of 37 newly diagnosed CD (16 biopsy proved and 21 serological diagnosis) and 375 IBS patients or 302 healthy control (HC) subjects were measured. Elevated levels of IgA AZA were found in CD patients compared with IBS patients (p < 0.01) and HC (p < 0.05). CD patients had the highest prevalence (35.1%), followed by IBS (4.3%) and HCs (2.3%) (p < 0.0001). IgG AZA antibodies were not found in any CD patients, IBS patients, or HC subjects. A significant positive correlation was found between IgA AZA with IgA anti-gliadin (AGA, r = 0.34, p < 0.01) and IgA anti-deaminated gliadin peptides (DGP, r = 0.42, p < 0.001) in the celiac disease group. Taken together, our results show for the first time a higher prevalence of AZA IgA antibodies in newly diagnosed CD patients than in IBS patients, confirming a biased immune response to other gliadin-related prolamins such as maize zeins in genetically susceptible individuals.

Absence of increasing cortical fMRI activity volume in response to increasing visceral stimulation in IBS patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (2) ◽  
pp. G425-G435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harjot Sidhu ◽  
Mark Kern ◽  
Reza Shaker
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cortical Activity ◽  
Neural Circuitry ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Visceral Sensation ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Brain Fmri ◽  
Stimulation Of

Cerebral cortical activity associated with perceived visceral sensation represents registration of afferent transduction and cognitive processes related to perception. Abnormalities of gut sensory function can involve either or both of these processes. Cortical registration of subliminal viscerosensory signals represents cerebral cortical activity induced by stimulation of intestinal sensory neurocircuitry without the influence of perception-related cortical activity, whereas those associated with perception represent both neural circuitry and cognitive processes. Our aims were to determine and compare quantitatively cerebral cortical functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activity in response to subliminal, liminal, and nonpainful supraliminal rectal distension between a group of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients and age/gender-matched controls. Eight female IBS patients and eight age-matched healthy female control subjects were studied using brain fMRI techniques. Three barostat-controlled distension levels were tested: 1) 10 mmHg below perception (subliminal), 2) at perception (liminal), and 3) 10 mmHg above perception (supraliminal). In control subjects, there was a direct relationship between stimulus intensity and cortical activity volumes, ie., the volume of fMRI cortical activity in response to subliminal (3,226 ± 335 μl), liminal (5,751 ± 396 μl), and supraliminal nonpainful stimulation (8,246 ± 624 μl) were significantly different ( P < 0.05). In contrast, in IBS patients this relationship was absent and fMRI activity volumes for subliminal (2,985 ± 332 μl), liminal (2,457 ± 342 μl), and supraliminal nonpainful stimulation (2,493 ± 351 μl) were similar. Additional recruitment of cortical fMRI activity volume in response to increasing stimulation from subliminal to liminal and supraliminal domains is absent in IBS patients, suggesting a difference in the processing of perceived stimulation compared with controls.

scholarly journals Error analysis of classic colonic transit time estimates

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (3) ◽  
pp. G520-G527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Bouchoucha ◽  
S. Randall Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Colonic Transit ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Time Estimates ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
Daily Ingestion ◽  
Kinetic Coefficients ◽  
Classic Approach ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Estimates of colonic transit times (CTT) through the three colonic segments, right colon, left colon, and rectosigmoid, are commonly based on radiopaque markers. For a given segment, CTT is usually calculated from just the number of markers visible in that segment on abdominal X-rays. This procedure is only strictly valid for the theoretical, but unrealistic, case of continuous marker ingestion (i.e., not for a single or once-daily ingestion). CTT was analyzed using the usual estimate of the mean CTT of one marker and also using a new, more realistic estimate based on the kinetic coefficients of a three-compartment colonic model. We directly compared our compartmental approach to classic CTT estimates by double-marker studies in six patients. We also retrospectively studied CTT in 148 healthy control subjects (83 males, 65 females) and 1,309 subjects with functional bowel disorders (irritable bowel syndrome or constipation). Compared with the compartmental estimates, the classic approach systematically underestimates CTT in both populations, i.e., in patients and in healthy control subjects. The relative error could easily reach 100% independent of the site of colonic transit delay. The normal values of total CTT are then 44.3 ± 29.3 instead of 30.1 ± 23.6 h for males and 68.2 ± 54.4 instead of 47.1 ± 28.2 h for females.

Regional cerebral activation in irritable bowel syndrome and control subjects with painful and nonpainful rectal distention

2000 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 842-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Mertz ◽  
Victoria Morgan ◽  
Gordon Tanner ◽  
David Pickens ◽  
Ronald Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Cerebral Activation ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
And Control ◽  
Rectal Distention

scholarly journals Sex differences in objective measures of sleep in post-traumatic stress disorder and healthy control subjects

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Richards ◽  
Thomas J. Metzler ◽  
Leslie M. Ruoff ◽  
Sabra S. Inslicht ◽  
Madhu Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Post Traumatic

scholarly journals Study of Antibodies to Cytolethal Distending Toxin B (CdtB) and Antibodies to Vinculin in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Maysaa El Sayed Zaki ◽  
Dina Elhammady ◽  
Mona Foda Salama ◽  
Mostafa Abdelsalam ◽  
Asmaa Osama Bakr Osman
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
The Other ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cytolethal Distending Toxin ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Toxin B ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Post Infectious

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder, categorized into various subtypes. Post-infection IBS may be attributed to the release of cytolethal distending toxin B (CdtB), which cross-reacts with the adhesion protein vinculin responsible for normal intestinal contractility. Objective: This study aims to identify anti-CdtB and anti-vinculin levels in IBS patients compared to healthy control. Subjects and methods: This retrospective case-control study was conducted on 100 patients with IBS, as determined by a questionnaire based on Rome IV criteria, recruited from the outpatient clinics of the Tropical Medicine at Mansoura University Hospital from January 2019 to January 2020. Results: Anti-vinculin and anti-CdtB levels were significantly elevated in patients with IBS (1.58±0.496ng/ml, 2.47±0.60ng/ml)  when compared to control subjects (1.13±0.249ng/ml, 2.1±0.24 ng/ml), respectively with P=0.001 for both.  Anti-vinculin level was significantly higher in the IBS-D subtype than the other subtypes (P=0.001) while, Anti-CdtB was significantly elevated in IBS-C, IBS-D subgroups compared to control subjects (P=0.001). Conclusion: Findings of the present study support the hypothesis that IBS results from post-infectious disorders initiated by bacterial enteritis. A hypothesis could be applied to all IBS subgroups. On the other hand. These biomarkers might reflect the post-infectious state's severity. These findings need further extensive longitudinal studies in patients with IBS.

scholarly journals Association of Fecal Microbiota with Irritable Bowel Syndrome-Diarrhea and Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Its Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Fang Yang ◽  
Jiaqi Wu ◽  
Ning-Yuan Ye ◽  
Jing Miu ◽  
Jing Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Changes in intestinal microbiota have been linked to the development of diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). In order to better elucidate the relationship between intestinal microbiota changes and IBS-D, we compared fecal microbiota of IBS-D rats and healthy control using pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene targeted. Furthermore, we explored the effects of different traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on intestinal microbiota of IBS-D in dose-dependent manner. Our results showed that there was no significant difference in fecal microbial community diversity among the healthy control group, IBS-D rats and IBS-D rats treated with traditional Chinese medicine, but the fecal microbial composition at different taxonomic levels have changed among these groups. Interestingly, the weight of IBS-D rats treated with moderate doses (13.4 g/kg) of TCM increased significantly, and the diarrhea-related symptoms improved significantly, which may be related to the enrichment in Deferribacteres, Proteobacteria, Tenericutes, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae and the reduction in Lactobacillus in fecal samples.

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