Development and evaluation educational videos of diabetic foot care in traditional languages to enhance knowledge of patients diagnosed with diabetes and risk for diabetic foot ulcers

The rising prevalence of diabetes estimated at 3.6 million people in the UK represents a major public health and socioeconomic burden to our National Health Service. Diabetes and its associated complications are of a growing concern. Diabetes-related foot complications have been identified as the single most common cause of morbidity among diabetic patients. The complicating factor of underlying peripheral vascular disease renders the majority of diabetic foot ulcers asymptomatic until latter evidence of non-healing ulcers become evident. Therefore, preventative strategies including annual diabetic foot screening and diabetic foot care interventions facilitated through a multidisciplinary team have been implemented to enable early identification of diabetic patients at high risk of diabetic foot complications. The National Diabetes Foot Care Audit reported significant variability and deficiencies of care throughout England and Wales, with emphasis on change in the structure of healthcare provision and commissioning, improvement of patient education and availability of healthcare access, and emphasis on preventative strategies to reduce morbidities and mortality of this debilitating disease. This review article aims to summarise major risk factors contributing to the development of diabetic foot ulcers. It also considers the key evidence-based strategies towards preventing diabetic foot ulcer. We discuss tools used in risk stratification and classifications of foot ulcer.

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Outpatient Care and Morbidity Reduction in Diabetic Foot Ulcers Associated with Chronic Pressure Callus

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association ◽

10.7547/87507315-91-6-275 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 91 (6) ◽

pp. 275-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Ronald A. Sage ◽

Julie Kate Webster ◽

Susan Gross Fisher

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Foot ◽

Outpatient Care ◽

Traumatic Event ◽

Foot Ulcers ◽

Minor Trauma ◽

Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽

Foot Care ◽

Foot Ulceration ◽

Outpatient Visits ◽

Foot Clinic

In a retrospective review of 233 cases of diabetic foot ulceration preceded by minor trauma, 192 ulcerations exhibited focal pressure keratosis as the preceding traumatic event. The frequency of outpatient visits and other foot care interventions were correlated with the occurrence and severity of ulceration. Patients seen more frequently in an outpatient foot clinic had less severe ulcers and were less likely to undergo surgical treatment than those with less frequent visits. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 91(6): 275-279, 2001)

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Foot thermometry with mHeath-based supplementation to prevent diabetic foot ulcers: A randomized controlled trial

Wellcome Open Research ◽

10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15531.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 23 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria Lazo-Porras ◽

Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz ◽

Alvaro Taype-Rondan ◽

Robert H. Gilman ◽

German Malaga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Diabetic Foot ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Foot Ulcers ◽

Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽

Foot Care ◽

Foot Ulceration ◽

History Of

Background: Novel approaches to reduce diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) in low- and middle-income countries are needed. Our objective was to compare incidence of DFUs in the thermometry plus mobile health (mHealth) reminders (intervention) vs. thermometry-only (control). Methods: We conducted a randomized trial enrolling adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus at risk of foot ulcers (risk groups 2 or 3) but without foot ulcers at the time of recruitment, and allocating them to control (instruction to use a liquid crystal-based foot thermometer daily) or intervention (same instruction supplemented with text and voice messages with reminders to use the device and messages to promote foot care) groups, and followed for 18 months. The primary outcome was time to occurrence of DFU. A process evaluation was also conducted. Results: A total of 172 patients (63% women, mean age 61 years) were enrolled; 86 to each study group. More patients enrolled in the intervention arm had a history of previous DFU (66% vs. 48%). Follow-up for the primary endpoint was complete for 158 of 172 participants (92%). Adherence to ≥80% of daily temperature measurements was 87% (103 of 118) among the study participants who returned the logbook. DFU cumulative incidence was 24% (19 of 79) in the intervention arm and 11% (9 of 79) in the control arm. After adjusting for history of foot ulceration and study site, the hazard ratio (HR) for DFU was 1.44 (95% CI 0.65, 3.22). Conclusions: In our study, conducted in a low-income setting, the addition of mHealth to foot thermometry was not effective in reducing foot ulceration. Importantly, there was a higher rate of previous DFU in the intervention group, the adherence to thermometry was high, and the expected rates of DFU used in our sample size calculations were not met. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02373592 (27/02/2015)

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Foot thermometry with mHeath-based supplementation to prevent diabetic foot ulcers: A randomized controlled trial (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.16462 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Lazo-Porras ◽

Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz ◽

Alvaro Taype-Rondan ◽

Robert H. Gilman ◽

German Malaga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Foot ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Foot Ulcers ◽

Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽

Foot Care ◽

History Of ◽

Control Instruction ◽

Study Participants ◽

And Control

BACKGROUND Thermometry monitoring has proven to reduce the occurrence of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). mHealth may contribute to enhance adherence to this effective intervention. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to compare incidence of DFU in the thermometry plus mHealth reminders intervention arm vs. thermometry-only control arm. METHODS We conducted a randomized trial enrolling adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus with foot-at-risk (risk groups 2 or 3) without foot ulcers and allocating them to control (instruction to use a liquid crystal-based foot thermometer daily) or to intervention (same instruction supplemented with text and voice messages with reminders to use the device and messages to promote foot care) and followed for 18 months. The primary outcome was time to occurrence of DFU. A process evaluation was also conducted. RESULTS A total of 172 patients (63% women, mean age 61 years) were enrolled, 86 to each study group. More patients enrolled in the intervention arm had a history of DFU (66% vs. 48%). Follow-up for the primary endpoint was complete for 158 of 172 participants (92%). DFU cumulative incidence was 24% (19 of 79) in the intervention arm and 11% (9 of 79) in the control arm. After adjusting for history of foot ulceration and study site, the HR for DFU was 1.44 (95% CI 0.65, 3.22). Adherence to ≥80% of daily temperature measurements was 87% (103 of 118) among the study participants that returned the logbook, without difference between intervention and control arm. CONCLUSIONS This trial contributes to the evidence about the value of mHealth to prevent diabetes foot ulcers. CLINICALTRIAL Clinical trials, NCT02373592. Registered 27 February 2015, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02373592

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Meningkatkan motivasi dan efikasi diri penderita diabetes tipe 2 dalam pencegahan kaki diabetik menggunakan dukungan kelompok

HOLISTIK JURNAL KESEHATAN ◽

10.33024/hjk.v13i4.2250 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 292-300

Author(s):

Suyanto Suyanto ◽

Dwi Sulistyowati

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Foot ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Foot Ulcers ◽

P Value ◽

Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽

Group Support ◽

Foot Care ◽

Type 2 Diabetics ◽

Before And After

Improving motivation and self-efication of type 2 diabetics in prevention of diabetic foot ulcers and infections using group supportBackground: Management of DM (Diabetics) patients according to expectations requires a variety of support, one of them is group support such as the Persadia Club as an organization that helps people with diabetes to manage disease conditions become more controlled. Through group support, motivation and self-efficacy which are important factors in diabetes care behavior will increase. Thus the main action in the prevention of diabetic foot in the form of routine foot care will be carried out by the person with diabetes optimally.Purpose: To determine the effect of group support on motivation and self-efficacy of type 2 diabetics in prevention of diabetic foot ulcers and infectionsMethods: The study design was a quasi-experimental one pre group test one group method to see if there were differences in motivation and self-efficacy in diabetic foot care before and after group support. The study was conducted in May to August 2019 at the Surakarta City Persada Club as a population and a sample of 135 respondentResults: Research shows that there are differences in the self-efficacy of people with diabetes before and after getting group support with p value = 0,000. Thus the hypothesis that the influence of group support on self-efficacy is accepted. Furthermore, the results obtained that there are differences in motivation to take preventive measures for diabetes feet between before and after group support is given with a p value = 0,000. This means that the hypothesis that there is an influence of group support on motivation for diabetic foot prevention.Conclusion: As a suggestion, it is expected that people with diabetes through the Persadia club will always be supported so that their motivation and efficacy is high so that the diabetic foot care measures will be optimally carried out. Keywords: Motivation; Self-Efication; Type 2 Diabetics; Prevention; Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Infections; Group SupportPendahuluan: Pengelolaan pasien DM (Diabetisi) yang sesuai harapan memerlukan berbagai dukungan salah satu diantaranya yaitu dukungan kelompok seperti Club persadia sebagai organisasi yang membantu para diabetisi untuk mengelola kondisi penyakit menjadi lebih terkontrol. Melalui dukungan kelompok maka motivasi dan efikasi diri yang merupakan faktor penting dalam perilaku perawatan diabetes akan meningkat. Dengan demikian tindakan utama dalam pencegahan kaki diabetik berupa tindakan perawatan kaki secara rutin akan dilakukan para diabetisi dengan optimal.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh dukungan kelompok terhadap motivasi dan efikasi diri penderita diabetes tipe 2 dalam pencegahan kaki diabetikMetode : Rancangan penelitian berupa kuasi eksperimen dengan metode pre post test one group untuk melihat apakah terdapat perbedaan motivasi dan efikasi diri dalam tindakan perawatan kaki diabetik sebelum dan sesudah mendapat dukungan kelompok. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei hingga Agustus 2019 pada Club Persadia Kota Surakarta sebagai populasi dan diambil sampel sebanyak 135 respondenHasil: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan efikasi diri para diabetisi sebelum dan sesudah mendapt dukungan kelompok dengan p value = 0,000, Dengan demikian hipotesis terdapat pengaruh dukungan kelompok terhadap efikasi diri diterima. Selanjutnya diperoleh hasil bahwa terdapat perbedaan motivasi melakukan tindakan perawatan pencegahan kaki diabetes antara sebelum dan sesudah diberikan dukungan kelompok dengan nilai p value= 0,000. Hal ini berarti hipotesis terdapat pengaruh dukungan kelompok terhadap motivasi tindakan perawatan pencegahan kaki diabetis.Simpulan: Sebagai saran diharapkan para diabetisi melalui club Persadia selalu diberi dukungan agar motivasi dan efikasi dirinya tinggi sehingga tindakan perawatan kaki diabetik akan optimal dilakukan

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Clinical and microbiological profile of diabetic foot ulcers in a tertiary care setup: a cross sectional analysis

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20212345 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Siddharth Rai ◽

Harleen Uppal ◽

Arvind Kumar Sharma ◽

Anil Kumar Gupta

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Foot ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Uttar Pradesh ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Foot Ulcers ◽

Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽

Foot Care ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Microbiological Profile

Background: Diabetes associated neuropathy and vasculopathy leads to development of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). They are responsible for considerable morbidity and a significant cost of health‐care worldwide. The magnitude of the problem becomes worse in regions where foot care is inadequate like in our country. The aim of the study to determine the microbiological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of organisms isolated from patients with diabetic foot ulcers. Methods: The study was a cross sectional study done at King George’s Medical College, Lucknow from 2012-2014 in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. Based on the inclusion criteria sample were collected from 112 patients. The standard protocol for the identification of microorganisms was followed. A descriptive analysis of the data was done.Results: Out of the 112 ulcers total 180 isolates were found. Of the 112 cases, 78 were monomicrobial, 32 were polymicrobial, and 2 cases were sterile on culture. The most common bacteria found was Staphylococcus aureus. Most of the staphylococcus isolated were sensitive to vancomycin, teicoplanin, cephalosporins, linezolid levofloxacin and pipercillin-tazobactum. Nearly 65% of S. aureus were methicillin‐resistant S. aureus.Conclusions: This study compiled clinical and microbiological profile of diabetic foot ulcers along with their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Our study illuminates light on a high figure of neglected and poorly treated NHUs which could have been managed well and early treatment will prevent devastating consequences such as sepsis and amputation.

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Foot care practice – The key to prevent diabetic foot ulcers in India

The Foot ◽

10.1016/j.foot.2012.08.007 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 298-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Gopi Chellan ◽

Soumya Srikumar ◽

Ajit Kumar Varma ◽

T.S. Mangalanandan ◽

K.R. Sundaram ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Foot ◽

Foot Ulcers ◽

Care Practice ◽

Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽

Foot Care

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In people with diabetes, how effective is targeted, more intensive foot care education than that received within usual diabetes care in preventing diabetic foot ulcers?

Cochrane Clinical Answers ◽

10.1002/cca.65 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Adarsh Gupta

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Care ◽

Diabetic Foot ◽

Foot Ulcers ◽

Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽

Foot Care ◽

Care Education

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BE SMART: Strategies for foot care and prevention of foot complications in patients with diabetes

Prosthetics and Orthotics International ◽

10.1177/0309364614535622 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 48-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Oscar L Morey-Vargas ◽

Steven A Smith

Keyword(s):

Lower Extremity ◽

Diabetic Foot ◽

Foot Ulcers ◽

Reference Source ◽

Risk Category ◽

Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽

Health Providers ◽

Foot Care ◽

Metabolic Evaluation ◽

Patients With Diabetes

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers and lower extremity amputations are common complications of diabetes mellitus that are associated with substantial morbidity, loss of quality of life, disability, and a high social and economic burden. The implementation of strategies to prevent these complications is a key aspect of diabetes care. Objectives: The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the available evidence on preventive diabetic foot care. Study design: Literature review. Methods: Narrative review based on a thorough search of previous relevant studies, systematic reviews, and clinical guidelines on diabetic foot care published in English. Results: We describe diabetic foot care strategies that can be categorized within defined domains for the purpose of helping clinicians to remember them. We use the mnemonic “BE SMART” ( Be aware of the risk factors, Educate patients and health providers, Structured clinical assessment, Metabolic evaluation and management, Assessment of Risk, and Team care) to organize these domains. Conclusion: Diabetic foot ulcers and lower extremity amputations are potentially preventable complications. Clinicians taking care of patients with diabetes should know, understand, and remember the multiple aspects of diabetic foot care. Clinical relevance This review can be used as a reference source for those interested in the care of diabetic foot. It highlights the importance of risk factor recognition, education, a structured clinical and metabolic evaluation, and also the importance of assigning patients a risk category that can help guiding multidisciplinary management efforts.

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