Assessment of drinking water quality and rural household water treatment in Balaka District, Malawi

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 353-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael C. Mkwate ◽  
Russel C.G. Chidya ◽  
Elijah M.M. Wanda
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Rural Household ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Household Water

scholarly journals Investigation on the Effect of Household Water Treatment Plants on the Drinking Water Quality of Ilam City

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heshmatollah Nourmoradi ◽  
Neda Karami ◽  
Soraya Karami ◽  
Sajad Mazloomi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Household Water

scholarly journals Assessing Drinking Water Quality at the Point of Collection and within Household Storage Containers in the Hilly Rural Areas of Mid and Far-Western Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2172 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Daniel ◽  
Arnt Diener ◽  
Jack van de Vossenberg ◽  
Madan Bhatta ◽  
Sara J. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Storage Container ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Storage Containers

Accurate assessments of drinking water quality, household hygenic practices, and the mindset of the consumers are critical for developing effective water intervention strategies. This paper presents a microbial quality assessment of 512 samples from household water storage containers and 167 samples from points of collection (POC) in remote rural communities in the hilly area of western Nepal. We found that 81% of the stored drinking water samples (mean log10 of all samples = 1.16 colony-forming units (CFU)/100 mL, standard deviation (SD) = 0.84) and 68% of the POC samples (mean log10 of all samples = 0.57 CFU/100 mL, SD = 0.86) had detectable E. coli. The quality of stored water was significantly correlated with the quality at the POC, with the majority (63%) of paired samples showing a deterioration in quality post-collection. Locally applied household water treatment (HWT) methods did not effectively improve microbial water quality. Among all household sanitary inspection questions, only the presence of livestock near the water storage container was significantly correlated with its microbial contamination. Households’ perceptions of their drinking water quality were mostly influenced by the water’s visual appearance, and these perceptions in general motivated their use of HWT. Improving water quality within the distribution network and promoting safer water handling practices are proposed to reduce the health risk due to consumption of contaminated water in this setting.

scholarly journals Potential of ceramic and biosand water filters as low-cost point-of-use water treatment options for household use in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebele Erhuanga ◽  
Maingaila Moono Banda ◽  
Doutimiye Kiakubu ◽  
Isah Bolaji Kashim ◽  
Bioye Ogunjobi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Filter Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Water Filters

Abstract Many households in Nigeria lack access to safe drinking water. Sixty-three percent (63%) of the nation's population live in rural areas where only 3% of households have access to safely managed drinking water. This suggests an urgent need for intervention to offer sustainable solutions to drinking water needs at household levels. An operational research was commissioned by the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Nigeria to generate evidence to inform and guide Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) programming on household water quality. This involved an assessment of local manufacturing of household water filters; factors influencing social acceptability and market opportunities for clay and biosand water filters in Nigeria. Implementation of the research recommendations by the filter factories resulted in improved bacterial removal efficiency (>97%) in filters. Factors such as filter design and efficiency were shown to influence acceptability of filters, which influenced the price at which users were willing to pay for the filters in the study areas. The market research indicated low popularity of the filters due to lack of promotion and marketing of the water filters. The research outcomes show great potential for sustainability and marketability of clay and biosand water filters for household water treatment in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Long-Term Drinking Water Quality Assessment Using Index and Multivariate Statistical Analysis for Three Water Treatment Plants of Erbil City, Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Hayder Mohammed Issa ◽  
Reem Ahmed Alrwai
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

Safe source of drinking water is always considered as an essential factor in water supply for cities and urban areas. As a part of this issue, drinking water quality is monitored via a useful scheme: developing drinking water quality index DWQI. DWQI is preferably used as it summarizes the whole physicochemical and bacteriological properties of a drinking water sample into a single and simple term. In this study, an evaluation was made for three drinking water treatment plants DWTPs named: Efraz 1, Efraz 2 and Efraz 3 that supply drinking water to Erbil City. The assessment was made by testing thirteen physicochemical and two bacteriological parameters during a long period of (2003 – 2017). It has been found that turbidity, electrical conductivity EC, total alkalinity, total hardness, total coliform and fecal coliform have more influence on drinking water quality. DWQI results showed that the quality of drinking water supplied by the three DWTPs in Erbil City fallen within good level. Except various occasional periods where the quality was varying from good to fair. The quality of the drinking water supply never reached the level of marginal or poor over the time investigated. The applied hierarchical clustering analysis HCA classifies the drinking water dataset into three major clusters, reflecting diverse sources of the physicochemical and bacteriological parameter: natural, agriculture and urban discharges.

scholarly journals FAKTOR –FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KUALITAS AIR MINUM PADA DEPOT AIR MINUM DI KOTA BENGKULU TAHUN 2012

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Jubaidi Jubaidi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
The Government

Drinking water quality is one of the basic needs of society. In fulfilling its needs, the community has sought a way to buy a gallon of drinking water refill at a cheap price. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that affect drinking water quality in drinking water depots in the city of Bengkulu. This study is a survey research with cross sectional approach, a sample size in this study as many as 163 samples. Primary data processed by the regression test followed by logistic regression test.The results showed that the dominant factor is the effect of drinking water treatment process with a value of p = 0.000 and Exp. B = 4.454.Recommended for drinking water depots entrepreneurs in drinking water treatment processes to use micro filters with a diameter smaller than viruses, provide training for employees or managers of drinking water and perform maintenance of drinking water processing components on time and as well as the guidance and supervision on a regular basis by the government.

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