Ex vivo comparison of antibacterial efficacy of conventional chemomechanical debridement alone and in combination with light-activated disinfection and laser irradiation against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm

Propolis is proposed to possess antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, which can be used in endodontic applications. However, evidence on its efficacy in comparison to chlorhexidine against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is controversial. The aim of the current study was to compare the antibacterial efficacy of Propolis and chlorhexidine as an intracanal medicament against E. faecalis in extracted human permanent teeth. The focused question was, “Does Propolis show better antibacterial efficacy than Chlorhexidine (CHX) as an intracanal medicament against E. faecalis in extracted human permanent teeth?”. Databases including PubMed/Medline, Scopus, EMBASE, ISI-Web of Science were searched from 1990 to August 2020 using different combinations of the following keywords: “Propolis”, “Intracanal medicament”, “E. faecalis”, “Antibacterial activity” and “Chlorhexidine”. Ten studies fulfilling inclusion criteria were considered for qualitative analysis, followed by quantitative analysis of eight studies. Heterogeneity was calculated for colony forming units (CFU) of E. Faecalis using the Chi-square test and I2 statistics. Forest plots were computed reporting standard mean difference (SMD) of outcomes and 95% confidence intervals. The overall mean difference for CFU of E. faecalis showed a statistically significant difference between the antibacterial efficacy of Propolis and CHX (SMD = 3.20 [1.70, 4.69] Z = 4.20; p < 0.001). CHX showed superior antibacterial efficacy against E. faecalis compared to Propolis.

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Bacteriophages to Control Multi-Drug Resistant Enterococcus faecalis Infection of Dental Root Canals

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9030517 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 517

Author(s):

Mohamed El-Telbany ◽

Gamal El-Didamony ◽

Ahmed Askora ◽

Eman Ariny ◽

Dalia Abdallah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Root Canal ◽

Phage Therapy ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Burst Size ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Range Analysis ◽

Root Canals

Phage therapy is an alternative treatment to antibiotics that can overcome multi-drug resistant bacteria. In this study, we aimed to isolate and characterize lytic bacteriophages targeted against Enterococcus faecalis isolated from root canal infections obtained from clinics at the Faculty of Dentistry, Ismalia, Egypt. Bacteriophage, vB_ZEFP, was isolated from concentrated wastewater collected from hospital sewage. Morphological and genomic analysis revealed that the phage belongs to the Podoviridae family with a linear double-stranded DNA genome, consisting of 18,454, with a G + C content of 32.8%. Host range analysis revealed the phage could infect 10 of 13 E. faecalis isolates exhibiting a range of antibiotic resistances recovered from infected root canals with efficiency of plating values above 0.5. One-step growth curves of this phage showed that it has a burst size of 110 PFU per infected cell, with a latent period of 10 min. The lytic activity of this phage against E. faecalis biofilms showed that the phage was able to control the growth of E. faecalis in vitro. Phage vB_ZEFP could also prevent ex-vivo E. faecalis root canal infection. These results suggest that phage vB_ZEFP has potential for application in phage therapy and specifically in the prevention of infection after root canal treatment.

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Antibacterial Efficacy of Super-Oxidized Water on Enterococcus faecalis Biofilms in Root Canal

Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.5812/jjm.30000 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Recai Zan ◽

Tayfun Alacam ◽

Ihsan Hubbezoglu ◽

Tutku Tunc ◽

Zeynep Sumer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Root Canal ◽

Antibacterial Efficacy

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Profiling of Cytokines Secreted by Conventional Aqueous Outflow Pathway Endothelial Cells Activated In Vitro and Ex Vivo With Laser Irradiation

Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science ◽

10.1167/iovs.15-17660 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 56 (12) ◽

pp. 7100 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jorge A. Alvarado ◽

Phuonglan Chau ◽

Jianfeng Wu ◽

Richard Juster ◽

Amde Selassie Shifera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Laser Irradiation ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Outflow Pathway ◽

Aqueous Outflow

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Bactericidal Effects of Diode Laser Irradiation on Enterococcus faecalis Using Periapical Lesion Defect Model

ISRN Dentistry ◽

10.5402/2011/870364 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Masato Nagayoshi ◽

Tatsuji Nishihara ◽

Keisuke Nakashima ◽

Shigetsugu Iwaki ◽

Ker-Kong Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laser Irradiation ◽

Diode Laser ◽

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Periapical Lesion ◽

Lesion Area ◽

Defect Model ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Periapical Lesions ◽

Bactericidal Effects

Objective. Photodynamic therapy has been expanded for use in endodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of diode laser irradiation on endodontic pathogens in periapical lesions using an in vitro apical lesion model. Study Design. Enterococcus faecalis in 0.5% semisolid agar with a photosensitizer was injected into apical lesion area of in vitro apical lesion model. The direct effects of irradiation with a diode laser as well as heat produced by irradiation on the viability of microorganisms in the lesions were analyzed. Results. The viability of E. faecalis was significantly reduced by the combination of a photosensitizer and laser irradiation. The temperature caused by irradiation rose, however, there were no cytotoxic effects of heat on the viability of E. faecalis. Conclusion. Our results suggest that utilization of a diode laser in combination with a photosensitizer may be useful for clinical treatment of periapical lesions.

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