scholarly journals Biochemical and mitochondrial membrane potential changes relating to betulinic acid-mediated anticancer activity in murine ascites Dalton's lymphoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 100211
Author(s):  
Anamika Bhaumik ◽  
Atanu Bhattacharjee ◽  
Surya Bali Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane Potential ◽  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Dalton’S Lymphoma ◽  
Dalton's Lymphoma

scholarly journals Methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves induces Cell cycle arrest and downregulates Mitochondrial membrane potential in Dalton's Lymphoma cells.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Alok Shukla ◽  
Praveen Kumar Verma ◽  
Rishi kant Singh ◽  
Naveen Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane Potential ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Dalton’S Lymphoma ◽  
Dalton's Lymphoma

Abstract Cancer is a group of diseases characterised by abnormal and undifferentiated cell growth that has the potential to spread to other parts of the body. It is the world's second leading cause of death and morbidity. According to the GLOBOCAN 2020 report, out of 19.3 million new cancer cases and 10 million deaths reported, 544352 new cases and 259793 deaths occurred by non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHLs). Although, numerous therapeutic approaches like, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy have been developed to treat cancer, limited success has been achieved, possibly due to severe side effects associated with the drugs used during chemotherapy. Therefore, deciphering the novel compound with least side effects and highly potent against cancer is urgently required. In the present study we used leaf extract of M. oleifera, well-known for its anti-cancer efficacy against different cancer cells, however, its effect on Dalton’s lymphoma, a type of spontaneously occurring T cell lymphoma originated in the thymus of DBA mice is seriously lacking. Therefore, present study was aimed to analyze the therapeutic efficacy of M. oleifera against DL cells. Our results show that leaf extract of M. oleifera (MOML) significantly induces morphological changes in DL cells followed by chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation, and ROS generation. We also found significant changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, apoptosis of DL cells induced by cell cycle arrest at G2/M and S phase suggested that MOML could be used to treat NHL effectively

scholarly journals Brevilaterin B from Brevibacillus laterosporus has selective antitumor activity and induces apoptosis in epidermal cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou Chen ◽  
Lulu Wang ◽  
Yangliu Liu ◽  
Panpan Han ◽  
Dan Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane Potential ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
A431 Cells ◽  
Main Site ◽  
Brevibacillus Laterosporus

Abstract Brevibacillus laterosporus, a newly discovered genus, had been shown to be one of the best candidates for producing multiple antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Herein, we discovered a new bioactivity of Brevilaterin B, an AMP produced by Br. laterosporus S62-9, and investigated the details about its Anticancer. Proliferation, membrane permeability and apoptotic rate were checked using CCK-8 Assay, LDH Assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI Kits. ROS levels and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected using the fluorescent probe DCFH-DA and JC-1. Brevilaterin B exhibited broad anticancer activity in a dose-dependent manner. It selectively inhibited the proliferation of epidermal cancer cell A431 but had no effect on normal cells at 2 µg/mL. Typical morphological characteristics of apoptosis and an apoptotic ratio of 71.0% in A431 were observed after treatment with 2-3 µg/mL of Brevilaterin B. In A431 cells, 21.3% ROS generated and 48.8% reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential further occurred, indicating the main site of action was the mitochondrion. Brevilaterin B secreted by Br. laterosporus S62-9 has potential application as an anticancer medicament, increasing its commercial value. It’s believed to be the first report of the anticancer activity of this type of AMPs.

scholarly journals Sub-Lethal Hyperthermia Enhances Anticancer Activity of Doxorubicin in Chronically Hypoxic HepG2 Cells Through ROS-Dependent Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Qianqian Ren ◽  
Tianhe Ye ◽  
Yiming Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane Potential ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Thermal Ablation ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Intracellular Uptake ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

Abstract Background and aims: Thermal ablation in combination with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been reported to exert a more powerful anti-tumor effect than thermal ablation alone in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether sub-lethal hyperthermia encountered in the peri-ablation zone during thermal ablation enhances the anticancer activity of doxorubicin in chronically hypoxic (encountered in the tumor area after TACE) liver cancer cells and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods HepG2 cells pre-cultured under chronic hypoxic conditions (1% oxygen) were treated in a 42 °C water bath for 15 min or 30 min, followed by incubation with doxorubicin. Assays were then performed to determine intracellular uptake of doxorubicin, cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and total antioxidant capacity. Results The results confirmed that sub-lethal hyperthermia enhanced intracellular uptake of doxorubicin into hypoxic HepG2 cells. Hyperthermia combined with doxorubicin led to a greater inhibition of cell viability and increased apoptosis in hypoxic HepG2 cells compared to hyperthermia or doxorubicin alone. In addition, the combination induced apoptosis by increasing ROS and causing disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential. Pretreatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) significantly inhibited the apoptotic response suggesting that cell death is ROS-dependent. Conclusions These findings suggest that sub-lethal hyperthermia enhanced the anti-cancer activity of doxorubicin in hypoxic HepG2 cells through ROS-dependent mechanism.

Platelets apoptosis in rats after global brain ischemia

2018 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
А.А. Соколовская ◽  
Э.Д. Вирюс ◽  
В.В. Александрин ◽  
А.С. Роткина ◽  
К.А. Никифорова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane Potential ◽  
Brain Ischemia ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Global Brain Ischemia ◽  
Platelet Apoptosis ◽  
Global Brain

Цель исследования. Ишемические повреждения головного мозга, являются одной из наиболее частой причин инвалидности и смертности во всем мире. Недавно была установлена роль апоптоза тромбоцитов в патофизиологии инсульта, однако его механизмы до сих пор остаются невыясненными. Несмотря на различные экспериментальные модели, направленные на мониторинг апоптоза тромбоцитов, результаты, относительно изучения и выявления апоптоза тромбоцитов при ишемии головного мозга у крыс, весьма немногочисленны. Цель исследования - анализ апоптоза тромбоцитов с помощью метода проточной цитофлуориметрии на модели глобальной ишемии мозга у крыс. Методика. В экспериментах использовано 6 крыс-самцов Вистар в возрасте от 5 до 6 мес., разделенных на 2 группы: интактный контроль (К) и глобальная ишемия головного мозга. Модель глобальной ишемии головного мозга у крыс воспроизводилась путём билатеральной окклюзии общих сонных артерий на фоне гипотензии. Уровень системного артериального давления снижали посредством кровопотери до 40-45 мм рт. ст. Суспензию тромбоцитов крыс получали методом гельфильтрации с использованием сефарозы 2B. Для анализа экстернализации фосфатидилсерина (ФС) тромбоциты крыс инкубировали с Аннексином V-PE в связывающем буфере. Для оценки митохондриального мембранного потенциала (ММП) тромбоциты инкубировали с катионным красителем JC-1. После инкубации образцы немедленно анализировали на проточном цитофлуориметре FACSCalibur (Becton Dickinson, США). Результаты. Согласно полученным данным, экстернализация ФС на тромбоцитах крыс, перенесших инсульт, была значительно выше (53,45 ± 4,21%), чем в контрольной группе крыс (5,27 ± 2,40%). Данный эффект подтверждается выраженной деполяризацией митохондриальных мембран (DYm). После экспериментальной ишемии мозга почти 40% тромбоцитов было деполяризовано. Заключение. Использованный в работе подбор методов и маркеров обеспечивает понимание механизмов апоптоза тромбоцитов как в экспериментальных, так и в клинических условиях. Полученные данные позволяют сделать заключение, что апоптоз тромбоцитов является одним из факторов развития глобальной ишемии головного мозга у крыс. Результаты могут быть использованы для понимания механизмов, участвующих в развитии ишемического повреждения, что, в свою очередь, может быть использовано при разработке новых терапевтических стратегий. Aim. Stroke is one of the most common causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Multiple experimental models of stroke have focused on monitoring of platelet apoptosis. However, studies on and detection of platelet apoptosis in rats with ischemic stroke are very scarce. We investigated platelet apoptosis in rats with global brain ischemia using flow cytometry. Methods. Experiments were carried out on healthy, adult Wistar male rats weighing 300-350 g. The rats were divided into the following 2 groups: intact rats and rats with global brain ischemia. Global brain ischemia was induced by two-vessel (2-VO) carotid occlusion in combination with hypotension. Systemic blood pressure was reduced by 40-45 mm Hg by inducing haemorrhage. Platelets were isolated by gel filtration on Sepharose 2B. For evaluation of phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization, platelets were incubated with Annexin V-PE and analyzed on FACSCalibur (BD Biosciences). Mitochondrial membrane potential (DY) was measured during platelets apoptosis using JC-1, a mitochondrial membrane potential indicator. Platelets were analyzed by flow cytometry immediately after the incubation. Results. PS externalization on platelets was significantly greater after global brain ischemia (53.45 ± 4.21%) than in the control group (5.27 ± 2.40%). Pronounced depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (DYm) confirmed this finding. In the rat group with experimental brain ischemia, almost 40% (35.24 ± 5.21%) of platelets were depolarized. Conclusion. Our results provide insight into mechanisms involved in platelet apoptosis during ischemic stroke and can be used in further development of new therapeutic strategies.

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