Limited cheese intake reduces HPA axis and behavioral stress responses in male rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 113614
Author(s):  
Sarah Fourman ◽  
Dana Buesing ◽  
Sean Girvin ◽  
Houda Nashawi ◽  
Yvonne M. Ulrich-Lai
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Behavioral Stress

scholarly journals Intranasal Administration of Neuropeptide Y Significantly Antagonized Chronic Stress Responses via Central Gabaa Receptors in Male Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Yang ◽  
Haijie Yu ◽  
Reji Babygirija ◽  
Bei Shi ◽  
Weinan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Intranasal Administration ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Motor Functions ◽  
Colonic Motor

Abstract Stress is widely believed to play a major role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Central neuropeptide Y (NPY) counteracts the biological actions of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), and in turn attenuates stress responses. Administration (intracerebroventricular, ICV) of NPY, significantly antagonized the inhibitory effects of chronic complicated stress (CCS) on gastrointestinal (GI) dysmotility in rats. However, ICV administration is an invasive technique. The effect of intranasal administration of NPY on the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and GI motility in CCS conditions have not been studied, and the inhibitory mechanism of NPY on CRF through the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor needs to be further investigated. A CCS rat model was set up, NPY was intranasal administered every day prior to the stress loading. Further, a GABAA receptor antagonist was ICV injected daily. Central CRF and NPY expression were evaluated, serum corticosterone and NPY levels were analyzed, and colonic motor functions was assessed. CCS rats showed significantly increased CRF expression and corticosterone levels, which resulted in enhanced colonic motor functions. Intranasal NPY significantly increased central NPY mRNA expression and reduced central CRF mRNA expression as well as the plasma corticosterone level, helping to restore colonic motor functions. However, ICV administration of the GABAA receptor antagonist significantly abolished these effects. Intranasal administration of NPY upregulates the hypothalamic NPY system. NPY may, through the GABAA receptor, significantly antagonize the overexpressed central CRF and attenuate the HPA axis activities in CCS conditions, exerting influences and helping to restore colonic motor function.

A hypercaloric load induces thermogenesis but inhibits stress responses in the SNS and HPA system

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (3) ◽  
pp. R840-R848 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Strack ◽  
S. F. Akana ◽  
C. J. Horsley ◽  
M. F. Dallman
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Energy Stores ◽  
Ad Libitum

Caloric overingestion generates a sympathetic nervous system (SNS)-mediated increase in brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis; its effect on the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is unknown. To determine whether metabolic activation affects the HPA axis, male rats were provided palatable sucrose ad libitum. After 5 or 10 days of sucrose ingestion, BAT and basal and restraint-induced HPA variables were measured. Some rats were instrumented with temperature probes. BAT temperature and HPA axis responses to restraint were measured. Although caloric intake increased > or = 18%, body weight gain did not change after sucrose ingestion; DNA, protein, and uncoupling protein increased in BAT depots, and white adipose tissues were heavier after both 5 and 10 days. During days 5-10, the BAT-core temperature difference was +0.30 degrees C in sucrose rats and -0.46 degrees C in controls (P < 0.05); this, together with the biochemical changes, shows persistent activation of BAT by excess calories. Basal HPA measures were not altered. The sucrose group exhibited smaller BAT temperature and HPA responses to restraint on day 10; there was no HPA difference on day 5. We conclude that calorically mediated increases in BAT thermogenesis are independent of basal HPA activity; however, both systems respond concordantly to restraint stress. The diminished response to restraint in both systems in sucrose-fed rats may result from signals indicating increased energy stores.

Steroidal interactions in the ageing endocrine system: absence of suppression and pathology in reproductive systems of old males from a mixed-sex socially stressful rat colony

1993 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. Taylor ◽  
M. Bardgett ◽  
S. Farr ◽  
S. Womack ◽  
D. Komitowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Stable Conditions ◽  
Hpt Axis

ABSTRACT A paradigm using chronic social stress and multiple measures of the reproductive system were used to assess changes with ageing in the dynamics of endogenous steroid interactions. The 22- to 24-month-old male rats lived for 8 weeks in one of four types of colony, in groups of the same sex or groups of mixed sex including familiar or unfamiliar old males. Measures of endocrinology (circulating steroid levels), behaviour (exploration and sociosexual responses), physiology (body and organ weights and epididymal sperm count) and histology (adrenal and ventral prostate glands) served as markers of activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) or hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular (HPT) axes. Old males living under stable conditions as familiar same-sex colonies served as the comparison group. Results indicated clear chronic activation of the HPA axis in the unfamiliar all-male colonies and of the HPT axis in the familiar males from mixed-sex colonies, whereas both steroidal axes were stimulated in colonies of unfamiliar males and females. Findings from aged males under chronic stress suggested that reproductive dysfunction may be limited to situations in which activation of the HPA axis occurs without concurrent stimulation of the HPT axis. Data on steroidal interactions from mixed-sex groups suggested that (1) chronic excitation of the HPA failed to suppress function in the reproductive system of the old males, (2) their stress responses were little affected by chronic HPT activation and (3) there was no evidence for stress-induced pathology, even in the vulnerable prostate gland. The conclusion is that increased risks for urogenital pathology with long-term exposure to stress is not an inevitable outcome for ageing male rats nor, perhaps, for other social species living under conditions in which multiple endocrine systems typically undergo simultaneous activation. Journal of Endocrinology (1993) 137, 115–122

Markers of HPA-axis activity and nucleic acid damage from oxidation after electroconvulsive stimulations in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 287-293
Author(s):  
Anders Jorgensen ◽  
Katrine Breitenstein ◽  
Otto Kalliokoski ◽  
Allan Weimann ◽  
Trine Henriksen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Rna Damage ◽  
Hpa Axis Activity

AbstractObjective:Oxidative stress has been suggested to increase after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), a treatment which continues to be the most effective for severe depression. Oxidative stress could potentially be mechanistically involved in both the therapeutic effects and side effects of ECT.Methods:We measured sensitive markers of systemic and central nervous system (CNS) oxidative stress on DNA and RNA (urinary 8-oxodG/8-oxoGuo, cerebrospinal fluid 8-oxoGuo, and brain oxoguanine glycosylase mRNA expression) in male rats subjected to electroconvulsive stimulations (ECS), an animal model of ECT. Due to the previous observations that link hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA)-axis activity and age to DNA/RNA damage from oxidation, groups of young and middle-aged male animals were included, and markers of HPA-axis activity were measured.Results:ECS induced weight loss, increased corticosterone (only in middle-aged animals), and decreased cerebral glucocorticoid receptor mRNA expression, while largely leaving the markers of systemic and CNS DNA/RNA damage from oxidation unaltered.Conclusion:These results suggest that ECS is not associated with any lasting effects on oxidative stress on nucleic acids neither in young nor middle-aged rats.

scholarly journals Effects of Acupuncture, RU-486 on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Chronically Stressed Adult Male Rats

Endocrinology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (10) ◽  
pp. 3649-3660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladan Eshkevari ◽  
Susan E. Mulroney ◽  
Rupert Egan ◽  
Lixing Lao
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ru 486 ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Stomach Meridian ◽  
Anxious Behavior ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

We have recently reported that pretreatment with electroacupuncture (EA) at stomach meridian point 36 (St36) prevents the chronic cold-stress increase in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA), an action that may be under central control. Given that treatment for stress-related symptoms usually begins after onset of the stress responses, the objectives of the present study were to determine the efficacy of EA St36 on HPA hormones when EA St36 is given after stress was initiated, if the results are long lasting, and if blocking the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) using RU-486 had the same effects as EA St36. Adult male rats were placed in 4 groups of animals, 3 of which were exposed to cold and 1 of which was a nontreatment control group. After exposure to the cold stress, 2 groups were treated with either EA St36 or sham-EA, repeated over 10 days. The increase in ACTH and corticosterone observed in stress-only rats was prevented in EA St36 animals, and the effects remained intact 4 days after withdrawal of EA but continuation of cold stress. When the GR was blocked with RU-486, the efficacy of EA St36 remained unchanged. GR blockade did significantly elevate ACTH, which is not seen with EA St36, suggesting that EA St36 does act centrally. The elevated HPA hormones in stress-only rats were associated with a significant increase in depressive and anxious behavior; this was not observed in the stressed EA St36 animals. The results indicate that EA specifically at St36 vs sham-EA is effective in treating chronic poststress exposure.

scholarly journals Repeated neonatal handling with maternal separation permanently alters hippocampal GABAA receptors and behavioral stress responses

2003 ◽  
Vol 100 (21) ◽  
pp. 12213-12218 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.-C. Hsu ◽  
G.-J. Zhang ◽  
Y. S. H. Raol ◽  
R. J. Valentino ◽  
D. A. Coulter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Gabaa Receptors ◽  
Maternal Separation ◽  
Neonatal Handling ◽  
Behavioral Stress

scholarly journals Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis up-regulation in rats submitted to pituitary stalk compression

2004 ◽  
Vol 180 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
PC Elias ◽  
LL Elias ◽  
M Castro ◽  
J Antunes-Rodrigues ◽  
AC Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Pituitary Stalk ◽  
Salt Loading ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Salt Load ◽  
Post Surgery

The present study investigated the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity in response to stress in adult male rats submitted to pituitary stalk compression (PSC) or sham operation. Animals received water or oral salt loading (2% NaCl) for one or eight days before the day of the experiment. On the 14th day post-surgery rats were killed under basal conditions or after 15 min immobilization stress. In the PSC group urine output increased significantly and plasma vasopressin (AVP) levels failed to respond to osmotic stimuli. Short-term salt load induced a significant increase in AVP levels in the sham-operated group. The PSC group presented higher adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) and corticosterone levels compared with sham-operated rats, both in water intake and salt load conditions. Immobilization stress induced a similar increase in plasma ACTH and corticosterone concentrations in sham-operated and PSC groups under water intake. However, long-term salt load blunted the ACTH and corticosterone responses to immobilization stress in sham-operated rats. PSC rats submitted to short- and long-term salt loading presented no changes in ACTH and corticosterone levels after immobilization. Immobilization stress caused neither AVP responses nor plasma osmolality changes in sham and PSC groups. There was no difference in median eminence AVP content among all groups. In conclusion, the high ACTH and corticosterone levels found in PSC rats under water intake and salt loading conditions suggest an up-regulation of the HPA axis, with a preserved adaptive mechanism to chronic stress.

scholarly journals Hypoactivity of the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenocortical Axis during Recovery from Chronic Variable Stress

Endocrinology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 147 (4) ◽  
pp. 2008-2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle M. Ostrander ◽  
Yvonne M. Ulrich-Lai ◽  
Dennis C. Choi ◽  
Neil M. Richtand ◽  
James P. Herman
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Novel Environment ◽  
Systemic Hypoxia ◽  
Delayed Recovery ◽  
Chronic Variable Stress

Chronic stress induces both functional and structural adaptations within the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis, suggestive of long-term alterations in neuroendocrine reactivity to subsequent stressors. We hypothesized that prior chronic stress would produce persistent enhancement of HPA axis reactivity to novel stressors. Adult male rats were exposed to chronic variable stress (CVS) for 1 wk and allowed to recover. Plasma ACTH and corticosterone levels were measured in control or CVS rats exposed to novel psychogenic (novel environment or restraint) or systemic (hypoxia) stressors at 16 h, 4 d, 7 d, or 30 d after CVS cessation. Plasma ACTH and corticosterone responses to psychogenic stressors were attenuated at 4 d (novel environment and restraint) and 7 d (novel environment only) recovery from CVS, whereas hormonal responses to the systemic stressor were largely unaffected by CVS. CRH mRNA expression was up-regulated in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) at 16 h after cessation of CVS, but no other alterations in PVN CRH or arginine vasopressin mRNA expression were observed. Thus, in contrast to our hypothesis, reductions of HPA axis sensitivity to psychogenic stressors manifested at delayed recovery time points after CVS. The capacity of the HPA axis to respond to a systemic stressor appeared largely intact during recovery from CVS. These data suggest that chronic stress selectively targets brain circuits responsible for integration of psychogenic stimuli, resulting in decreased HPA axis responsiveness, possibly mediated in part by transitory alterations in PVN CRH expression.

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