Benzylisoquinoline alkaloid content in goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.) is influenced by phenological stage, reproductive status, and time-of-day

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Grady H. Zuiderveen ◽  
Eric P. Burkhart ◽  
Joshua D. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Time Of Day ◽  
Alkaloid Content ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Phenological Stage ◽  
Hydrastis Canadensis ◽  
Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloid

BEHAVIOR OF THE GYPSY MOTH PREDATOR, CALOSOMA SYCOPHANTA L. (CARABIDAE: COLEOPTERA), AS INFLUENCED BY TIME OF DAY AND REPRODUCTIVE STATUS

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 887-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Weseloh
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Video Recorder ◽  
Time Eating

AbstractAdult Calosoma sycophanta L. (Carabidae: Coleoptera) male and female pairs in a laboratory arena were observed for up to 30 days with a video recorder. Beetles were visible (i.e. not hiding) or in soil (i.e. female ovipositing) especially during night hours. Feeding on gypsy moth larvae occurred any time of the day or night. Male and female beetles were most active during the time when female beetles were ovipositing. Females spent more time eating and staying in soil than did males, but males tended to move around the arena more than did females. Based on results from this study, it is expected that, in the forest, C. sycophanta females will spend most of their time hidden in leaf litter or ovipositing. Males are more likely to be seen because they spend more time moving about, probably seeking mates.

Effects of time of day, moisture stress, and frosting on the alkaloid content of Phalaris tuberosa

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 611 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Williams
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Alkaloid Content ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Slight Effect ◽  
Related Compounds

Time of day had a slight effect on the level of N,N-dimethylated indolealkylamines in leaf tissue of plants of Phalaris tuberosa L. grown under controlled environmental conditions, and a somewhat larger effect on plants grown under field conditions. The alkaloid content was not affected significantly by moderate increases in moisture stress, but severe wilting caused an increase in the alkaloid content. The immediate regrowth from plants previously stressed had a higher alkaloid content than regrowth from unstressed plants. Severe moisture stress also caused an increase in certain related compounds, as yet unidentified. Frosting increased the alkaloid content more in plants receiving adequate nitrogen, and even more in plants grown at 21/16°C compared with plants grown at 15/10°. Changes in alkaloid content are discussed in relation to field observations and previous experimental results on the toxicity of P. tuberosa pastures to sheep.

Seasonal variation of biomass and bioactive alkaloid content of goldenseal, Hydrastis canadensis

Fitoterapia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 925-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Douglas ◽  
John M. Follett ◽  
Graeme A. Parmenter ◽  
Catherine E. Sansom ◽  
Nigel B. Perry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Alkaloid Content ◽  
Hydrastis Canadensis

scholarly journals Movement and heart rate in the Scandinavian brown bear (Ursus arctos)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Blanchet ◽  
Boris Fuchs ◽  
Ole-Gunnar Støen ◽  
Audrey Bergouignan ◽  
Andrés Ordiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Heart Rate Change ◽  
Reproductive Status

Abstract Background Understanding animal movement facilitates better management and conservation. The link between movement and physiology holds clues to the basic drivers of animal behaviours. In bears, heart rate increases with the metabolic rate during the active phase. Their movement and heart rate change at seasonal and daily scales, and can also depend on environmental factors. Their behaviour is, therefore, flexible in activity patterns with high individual variations. The aim of this study was to establish the relationship between heart rate and distance travelled, and test whether this relationship was influenced by environmental (e.g., time of year and time of day) and biological (e.g., reproductive status, sex, body mass and age of the bears) factors. We analysed data of distance travelled and heart rate of 15 GPS-collared brown bears, both males and females, equipped with cardiac loggers in the south of Sweden in 2014–2017. Results Heart rate increased with distances travelled exceeding 50 m in an hour, but this correlation depended on the day-of-year with higher heart rate in August than in May. Bears accompanied by cubs had lower heart rate than solitary bears especially in May. When movement was minimum (< 50 m in an hour), heart rate was not related to distance travelled and was very variable, regardless of the months. Conclusions Our findings suggest that heart rate increases with long distances travelled, but varies with day-of-year and reproductive status, depending on the metabolic rate. Studying the change in heart rate in bears can help to evaluate their seasonal rhythms and how different factors affect them. This study illustrates the usefulness of combined bio-logging proxies, i.e., movement and heart rates in our case, in animal ecology.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal ecology of the Lusitanian pine vole (Microtus lusitanicus) in a Mediterranean polyculture

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Lourenço ◽  
António Mira ◽  
Sara Santos ◽  
Maria da Luz Mathias
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Spatial Ecology ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Kernel Method ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Males And Females

AbstractIn this study we report the first data on the spatial ecology of the Lusitanian pine vole (Microtus lusitanicus). Data report to the breeding season and to a traditional Mediterranean agricultural landscape in Central Portugal, using radio-telemetry methods. We documented large home range areas with values of 1042 m2 for males and 862 m2 for females (MCP method; 95% kernel method with values of 229 m2 and 159 m2 for males and females, respectively). Although no significant differences between sexes or reproductive status were found, longer daily movements were observed in reproductively inactive males. Pair bonding and home range overlap was observed between males and females, as well as between females and sub-adults. Voles showed no distinct preference for day or night for activity periods and movements. However, this result was dependent on sex, reproductive status and time of day. Voles revealed habitat preference for both spatial scales of analysis: they selected verges, vines and olives, within the study area, and used more verges within their home ranges, when compared to the other habitat types. The use of space by Microtus lusitanicus, in comparison with other microtines, suggests the occurrence of spatial associations between males and females in monogamous pairs. The importance of verges and linear habitats within an agricultural context is apparent, once they provide food and shelter from predators and human interventions.

Cortisol Response to Stressful Task and Time of Day

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacquelyn J. Graven ◽  
Tracy A. Manners ◽  
James O. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Time Of Day ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Stressful Task
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