Metabolomic foundation for differential responses of lipid metabolism to nitrogen and phosphorus deprivation in an arachidonic acid-producing green microalga

Plant Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 283 ◽  
pp. 95-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamilya Kokabi ◽  
Olga Gorelova ◽  
Tatiana Ismagulova ◽  
Maxim Itkin ◽  
Sergey Malitsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Deprivation ◽  
Green Microalga ◽  
Differential Responses

Regulation of lipid metabolism in the green microalga Chlorella protothecoides by heterotrophy–photoinduction cultivation regime

2015 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 781-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqin Li ◽  
Hua Xu ◽  
Fangxin Han ◽  
Jinxiu Mu ◽  
Di Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Chlorella Protothecoides ◽  
Green Microalga

scholarly journals Exploiting the Potential in Water Cleanup from Metals and Nutrients of Desmodesmus sp. and Ampelodesmos mauritanicus

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1461
Author(s):  
Roberto Braglia ◽  
Lorenza Rugnini ◽  
Sara Malizia ◽  
Francesco Scuderi ◽  
Enrico Luigi Redi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Sequential Approach ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Green Microalga

Increasing levels of freshwater contaminants, mainly due to anthropogenic activities, have resulted in a great deal of interest in finding new eco-friendly, cost-effective and efficient methods for remediating polluted waters. The aim of this work was to assess the feasibility of using a green microalga Desmodesmus sp., a cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. and a hemicryptophyte Ampelodesmos mauritanicus to bioremediate a water polluted with an excess of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and heavy metals (copper and nickel). We immediately determined that Nostoc sp. was sensitive to metal toxicity, and thus Desmodesmus sp. was chosen for sequential tests with A. mauritanicus. First, A. mauritanicus plants were grown in the ‘polluted’ culture medium for seven days and were, then, substituted by Desmodesmus sp. for a further seven days (14 days in total). Heavy metals were shown to negatively affect both the growth rates and nutrient removal capacity. The sequential approach resulted in high metal removal rates in the single metal solutions up to 74% for Cu and 85% for Ni, while, in the bi-metal solutions, the removal rates were lower and showed a bias for Cu uptake. Single species controls showed better outcomes; however, further studies are necessary to investigate the behavior of new species.

Afferent arteriolar response to arachidonic acid: involvement of metabolic pathways

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (1) ◽  
pp. F87-F93 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Imig ◽  
L. G. Navar
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Cyclooxygenase Inhibition ◽  
Lipoxygenase Inhibition ◽  
Vasoconstrictor Response ◽  
Afferent Arterioles ◽  
Renal Microvasculature ◽  
Differential Responses ◽  
Enzymatic Pathways ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

Arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites have been implicated in the control of renal hemodynamics, but the nature of the metabolites produced by renal cells when AA is released has remained uncertain. Experiments were performed using the in vitro perfused juxtamedullary nephron preparation to examine the effects of perfusion and superfusion of AA on the renal microvasculature. Extraluminal exposure of the vessels by superfusion with solutions containing 0.1, 1.0, and 10 microM AA decreased afferent arteriolar diameter by 8 +/- 2, 16 +/- 3, and 20 +/- 3%, respectively. The same doses of AA added to the perfusate produced a similar afferent arteriolar vasoconstriction. Inhibition of the major enzymatic pathways unmasked differential responses of AA that were dependent on the direction from which the vasculature was exposed to AA. 17-Octadecynoic acid (1 microM), an inhibitor of the cytochrome P-450 pathway, eliminated the vasoconstrictor response to superfused AA but had little effect on the response to perfused AA. Lipoxygenase inhibition with baicalein (0.5 microM) did not alter the afferent arteriolar vasoconstriction during superfusion with AA but did attenuate the vasoconstrictor response to perfused AA by 34%. Cyclooxygenase inhibition with 10 microM indomethacin reduced the afferent arteriolar response to superfusion with 10 microM AA by 46%, but the responses to perfusion with AA were reversed, leading to the unmasking of a 17% afferent arteriolar dilation. The AA-induced vasorelaxation observed during cyclooxygenase inhibition was prevented by the subsequent addition of a P-450 inhibitor. Additionally, after endothelial removal with 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS), the vasodilatory response reverted to a vasoconstriction. The results of this study demonstrate that in the rat, AA metabolites exert predominant actions on afferent arterioles, but differential responses are mediated via different enzymatic pathways depending on the origin of AA. Increased AA availability of intraluminal origin leads to production of cyclooxygenase-derived vasoconstrictor metabolites and also to endothelial-derived cytochrome P-450 vasodilatory metabolites. In contrast, increased AA availability of interstitial origin leads to production of vasoconstrictor cytochrome P-450 metabolites.

Acclimation of unicellular cyanobacteria to macronutrient deficiency: emergence of a complex network of cellular responses

Microbiology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 151 (8) ◽  
pp. 2503-2514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakefet Schwarz ◽  
Karl Forchhammer
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Limitation ◽  
Complex Network ◽  
Nitrogen Limitation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Starvation Condition ◽  
Phosphorus Deprivation ◽  
Micro Organisms

Cyanobacteria are equipped with numerous mechanisms that allow them to survive under conditions of nutrient starvation, some of which are unique to these organisms. This review surveys the molecular mechanisms underlying acclimation responses to nitrogen and phosphorus deprivation, with an emphasis on non-diazotrophic freshwater cyanobacteria. As documented for other micro-organisms, nutrient limitation of cyanobacteria elicits both general and specific responses. The general responses occur under any starvation condition and are the result of the stresses imposed by arrested anabolism. In contrast, the specific responses are acclimation processes that occur as a result of limitation for a particular nutrient; they lead to modification of metabolic and physiological routes to compensate for the restriction. First, the general acclimation processes are discussed, with an emphasis on modifications of the photosynthetic apparatus. The molecular mechanisms underlying specific responses to phosphorus and nitrogen-limitation are then outlined, and finally the cross-talk between pathways modulating specific and general responses is described.

Identification of genes induced in proteoid roots of white lupin under nitrogen and phosphorus deprivation, with functional characterization of a formamidase

2010 ◽  
Vol 334 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 137-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mousumi Rath ◽  
Jay Salas ◽  
Bandita Parhy ◽  
Robert Norton ◽  
Himabindu Menakuru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Characterization ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Proteoid Roots ◽  
Phosphorus Deprivation

Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Piggery Wastewater Effluent Using the Green Microalga Scenedesmus obliquus

2013 ◽  
Vol 139 (9) ◽  
pp. 1198-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Kyu Ji ◽  
Reda A. I. Abou-Shanab ◽  
Jae-Hoon Hwang ◽  
Thomas C. Timmes ◽  
Hyun-Chul Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scenedesmus Obliquus ◽  
Wastewater Effluent ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Piggery Wastewater ◽  
Green Microalga

scholarly journals Proteomic And Metabolomic Analyses Reveal The Full Spectrum of Inflammatory and Lipid Metabolic Abnormalities In Dyslipidemia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui DU ◽  
Yifei RAO ◽  
Ronghua LIU ◽  
Kesui DENG ◽  
Yongmei GUAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Abstract Background: Dyslipidemia is a common, chronic metabolic disease associated with cardiovascular complications. Due to the multiplicity of etiological factors, the pathogenesis of dyslipidemia is still unclear.Methods: In this study, we combined proteomics and metabolomics methods to analyze the plasma of patients with dyslipidemia and healthy subjects. ITRAQ markers, combined with LC-MS/MS proteomics technology and the UHPLC/ Orbitfast-X Tribrid system, were used to establish the metabolite profile in clinical dyslipidemia.Results: A total of 137 differentially expressed proteins were identified, mainly related to biological processes such as protein activation cascades, adaptive immune responses, complement activation, acute inflammatory responses and regulation of acute inflammatory responses. These proteins are involved in the regulation of important metabolic pathways, such as immunity and inflammation, coagulation and hemostasis, lipid metabolism, and oxidation and antioxidant defenses. Analysis of clinical metabolites showed there were 69 different metabolites in plasma, mainly related to glycerolipid, sphingolipid, porphyrin, alpha-linolenic acid, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid metabolism, suggesting that regulation of inflammation and lipid metabolism may be disturbed in patients with dyslipidemia. Among these, significant changes were observed in indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), which is considered a potential biomarker of dyslipidemia. Conclusions: Combined analysis of proteins and metabolites showed that arachidonic acid, linoleic acid and lipid metabolic pathways were closely related to dyslipidemia. IPA may be a potential biomarker.The information provided in this study may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of dyslipidemia and related diseases, as well as potential intervention targets.

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