Single particle ignition and combustion of pulverized pine wood, wheat straw, rice husk and grape pomace

Rice husk is one types of sustainable and economical agricultural wastes that could produce particleboard as the substitute for solid wood. The problems that encourage this research are due to the increasing of deforestation and the increment demand for solid wood in various industries. Malaysia produces a significant amount of agricultural biomass waste every year. It is noteworthy to mention that agricultural wastes can be fully used in an environmentally friendly way. This study aims to evaluate the properties of particleboard made from rice husk at different fibre loading and mixture. Different formulated composition of rice husk and pine wood shaving was prepared for the production of particleboard by hot pressing at temperature 160 °C for 6 min using Urea-Formaldehyde (UF) resin with additional of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) as a hardener. The results showed the density values and moisture content of particleboards ranging from 0.547 to 0.660 g/cm3 and 8.072 to 8.929 %, respectively. The thickness swelling and water absorption were increased as the increment of soaking time. Besides, the colour of the rice husk-pine particleboards has no significant difference and changes except for particleboard made from 100% rice husk. While the more proportion of pine wood shaving has the better compaction of particleboards, and the addition of grinded rice husk also make the particleboards have fewer voids. This study is expected to reduce deforestation activities and to maximize the usage of agricultural wastes.

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Changes in Vegetative and Reproductive Growth and Quality Parameters of Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cv. Chandler Grown at Different Substrates

Journal of Food Quality ◽

10.1155/2021/9996073 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Noosheen Zahid ◽

Mehdi Maqbool ◽

Abdul Hamid ◽

Muhammad Shehzad ◽

Majid Mahmood Tahir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wheat Straw ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Total Carotenoids ◽

Growth Substrates ◽

Vegetative And Reproductive Growth

Growth substrates (polyester wool, rice husk, and wheat straw), along with soil as control treatment, were compared for vegetative growth, yield, and quality of strawberry cv. Chandler. All growth substrates tested showed good results in terms of growth rate as compared with control. Strawberry plants grown in polyester wool showed the highest (89.50%) survival rate as compared to rice husk (70.50%), wheat straw (64.63%), and control (67.56%). Moreover, a significant increase was observed among number of flowers, fruits, and yield in plants grown in polyester wool. Besides, a significant high amount of total soluble solids (TSS) (12.38 ºBrix), titratable acidity (TA) (1.21%), ash (0.72%), vitamin C (37.39 mg/100 g), total carotenoids (3.90 µg/100 g), and total anthocyanins (3.47 cyanidine-3-glucoside/100 g) was recorded in fruits grown in polyester wool as compared to control. From these results, it can be concluded that the use of polyester wool as a growth substrate for strawberries can give higher yield and better fruit quality.

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TECHNOLOGY AND EQUIPMENT FOR PROCESSING ACTIVATED AGRICULTURAL PLANT WASTE INTO BIOETHANOL

Vestnik of Kazan state agrarin university ◽

10.12737/2073-0462-2022-59-67 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 59-67

Author(s):

Dmitriy Prosvirnikov ◽

Denis Tuncev ◽

Bulat Ziganshin

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Acid Hydrolysis ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Raw Material ◽

Pine Wood ◽

Agricultural Plant ◽

Plant Waste ◽

Hydrolysis Temperature ◽

Reducing Substances

The article is devoted to the development of technology and equipment for the production of bioethanol from agricultural plant waste, activated by the steam explosion method. The value and novelty of research lies in obtaining new data on the effective acidic and enzymatic hydrolysis of activated raw materials, and developing a technology for the conversion of plant raw materials into bioethanol. The studies were carried out on the basis of the Department of Wood Materials Processing of Kazan National Research Technological University (Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan). A pilot plant for the production of bioethanol and the principle of its operation are presented. Pine wood waste and wheat straw (collected in Kukmor region of the Republic of Tatarstan in the period August-September 2021) were used as raw materials. Steam-explosive activation of raw materials was carried out at temperatures of 165 ⁰C and 210 ⁰C for 5 minutes. Acid hydrolysis parameters: H2SO4 concentration - 0.5% and 1.5%, hydromodule 1:15, hydrolysis temperature - 187⁰C, hydrolysis duration - 5 hours. Enzymatic hydrolysis parameters: preparation - Cellulox-A (OOO PO Sibbiopharm, Russia) - 6 and 12 g/kg of raw material, hydrolysis temperature - 45 ⁰C, substrate pH 4.7 (acetate buffer), raw material concentration in the substrate 33 g/l, the duration of hydrolysis is 72 h. Alcoholic fermentation of hydrolysates was carried out at 32-34⁰C using Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, fermentation duration 7 h, yeast concentration 25 g/l. The bioethanol yield in % of reducing substances was recalculated after determining the mass yield. It is concluded that the vapor-explosive activation of pine wood at a temperature of 210 ºC makes it possible to obtain by acid hydrolysis and anaerobic fermentation of reducing substances up to 0.26 kg (0.33 l) of ethanol from 1 kg of activated raw materials, and activation of wheat straw at the same temperature allows obtaining up to 0.172 kg (0.218 l) ethanol with 1 kg of activated straw

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