Application of Sheep Urine Fermentation and Biochar Coconut for Growth Vegetables Plant

The Covid-19 pandemic to date has had an impact on all sectors of life in society, which is the provision of food sources by society. Various efforts have been made to the fulfillment of food needs in the community can fulfill as they should so that food security can be realized during this pandemic. This research was conducted so that the community can fulfill their needs, especially food needs by utilizing waste, especially solid, and liquid waste and increasing the productivity of food crops to increase the fulfillment of community needs. This research was conducted applied soil ameliorant coconut biochar at coastal soil Samas beach. After that application sheep urine fermentation for add nutrient in the soil. The stages of carrying out this research include: taking soil samples, preparing materials for making biochar and urine fermented for fertilizer, nursery pakcoy, preparing planting media, soil ameliorant coconut shell biochar, transferring pakcoy seeds, maintaining and administering urine fertilizer treatment to planting media, and plant vegetative observations. The result application was added material both biochar and sheep urine fermented. It was mixed media can repaired root area in the soil and increase avaibility of nutrient for supporting growth of stem height, account of leaves, length, width, and color of the leaf with the application of coconut shell biochar dosage 15 tons per hectare mixed treatment sheep urine 100 ml per liter of water was best treatnment. It can good growth pakcoy plants. and Its benefit from a relatively short period, and It can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers that It can cause environmental degradation

Mechanism of Oxytetracycline Removal by Coconut Shell Biochar Loaded with Nano-Zero-Valent Iron

In this paper, coconut shell biochar (BC), pickling biochar (HBC), and nano-zero-valent iron-loaded biochar (nZVI-HBC) were prepared; these were used to remove oxytetracycline (OTC), and the removal mechanism and degradation product were analyzed. These biochars were characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR, and XPS. The effects of biochar addition amount, pH, ion type, and ion concentration on OTC adsorption were studied by a batch adsorption experiment. Under the optimal conditions, the equilibrium adsorption capacity of nZVI-HBC to OTC was 196.70 mg·g−1. The adsorption process can be described by Langmuir isothermal adsorption equations, conforming to the pseudo-second-order dynamics model, indicating that adsorption is dominated by single-molecule chemical adsorption, and a spontaneous process of increasing heat absorption entropy. Mass spectrometry showed that the OTC removal process of nZVI-HBC included not only adsorption but also degradation. These results provide a practical and potentially valuable material for the removal of OTC.

PEMANFAATAN PEKARANGAN UNTUK BUDIDAYA ANGGUR DENGAN MEDIA CAMPURAN BIOCHAR

The Covid-19 pandemic has significant socio-economic impacts for all regions in Indonesia, one of which is in Bantul Regency. In anticipation of this impact, Mayungan Hamlet government officials and the community service team made several programs related to the development of grape cultivation in their home yard. With this activity, it is hoped that the community will be able to improve the family economy which was originally declining. The series of activities carried out were mapping of village potentials, outreach, practice, mentoring, and technical guidance. This activity was chosen in order to make it easier for the community to accept new technology with the formulation of planting media made from compost and coconut shell biochar. The obstacle faced during the service was that all activities were carried out during a pandemic where there were restrictions on community activities so that not all participated in this activity. However, all activities were successfully carried out, as evidenced by the 14 invited community representatives, all of whom were present in every activity and there was an increase in community (cognitive) knowledge about grape cultivation.

The Influence of ZnCl2 Activation on Macronutrient NPK Adsorption Simultaneously Using Coconut Shell Biochar for Soil Fertility Improvement

The influence of ZnCl2 activation on macronutrient Nitrogen, Phosphor, Potassium (NPK) adsorption simultaneously using Coconut Shell Biochar for soil fertility improvement has been conducted. Biochar formation is carried out at temperature up to 500 oC using variation in the concentration of ZnCl2 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; dan 2,5 M. The biochar formed was characterized using Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectroscopy and Surface Area Analyzer (SAA). Whereas NPK analysis has used the Indonesian standard method (SNI 7763: 2018). Based on this research, it was concluded that the greater the concentration of ZnCl2 activator, indicated that the higher intensity of the spectra of –OH and –NH2 at wave number 3400 cm-1 and 1600 cm-1. It showed that biochar activation was higher and a more active functional group was opened. Increasing the concentration of ZnCl2 activator has increased Biochar adsorption of NPK macronutrients. The optimum condition for activation of coconut shell Biochar was activation with ZnCl2 2.5 M. The addition of activated Biochar was increased soil adsorption on NPK macronutrients. Biochar addition had increased Nitrogen (N) adsorption up to 23.53%, Phosphor (P) up to 200%, and Potassium (K) up to 41.24%.

Adsorption of Cr(VI) from wastewater by iron-modified coconut shell biochar

This study is aimed to investigate the effect of raw and Fe-modified coconut shell biochar on the adsorption of Cr(VI) in the wastewater. Fe-modified biochar was obtained from the impregnation with FeNO3 solutions and the surface functional groups of two biochars were examined by infrared spectrometer.The result showed that the Fe-modified biochar had lower abundance of the surface functional groups than that of raw biochar, and had the group of Fe-O.The removal rate of Cr(VI) increased by 94.89% compared with the raw biochar because of existing of the group of Fe-O . The removal rate of Cr(VI) by modified biochar could reach more than 99.0% when the concentration of Cr(VI) was 12μg/ mL, pH 4.0, adsorbent dosage was 0.2g and adsorption time was 2h.

Coconut Shell Biochar for Removal of Cu(II) from Aqueous Solution

The ability of coconut shell biochar (CSB) and acid-base modified coconut shell biochar (MCSB) for the removal of copper (Cu(II)) from aqueous solution is examined. The basic characteristics of CSB as well as MCSB such as proximate analysis, pH value, surface area, surface morphology and surface functional groups are investigated. The individual effect of initial concentration and contact time on the removal efficiency of Cu(II) by CSB and MCSB was determined using one variable at a time (OVAT) approach. In addition, the response surface methodology (RSM) approach is applied to determine the combined effects of variables (pH, contact time and particle size) on the removal efficiency of Cu(II) ion. The RSM results for the MCSB showed that Cu(II) maximum removal efficiency is 99.50% at pH 7, contact time of 60 min, and particle size of 0.60 mm, respectively. It can be concluded that MCSB has greater potential than CSB to be utilized as an adsorbent for Cu(II) removal in water bodies.