Sorption Capacity of New Type Oil Absorption Felt for Potential Application to Ocean Oil Spill

Oil spill is a threat to the ecosystem, and there is a need for the development of highly efficient oil sorbents for environmental remediation. In this study, four different types of polypropylene fibers were evaluated for their oil absorbency and desorption characteristics. These fibers varied in their fineness and structural characteristics, i.e., hollow or solid. A modified ASTM methodology was used in the study to better represent the oil sorption capacity of a sorbent. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to present the effect of fiber fineness and structure on the oil desorption behavior of polypropylene fibers. Results showed that finer fibers had higher oil sorption capacity (g/g) than the coarser fibers. There was no statistical difference in the rate of desorption among the solid fibers; however, the hollow fiber had a statistically higher rate of desorption than the solid fibers.

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Sunlight Induced Rapid Oil Absorption and Passive Room-Temperature Release: An Effective Solution toward Heavy Oil Spill Cleanup

Advanced Materials Interfaces ◽

10.1002/admi.201800412 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (14) ◽

pp. 1800412 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Mengchun Wu ◽

Yusuf Shi ◽

Jian Chang ◽

Renyuan Li ◽

Chisiang Ong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oil Spill ◽

Heavy Oil ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Oil Absorption ◽

Effective Solution ◽

Oil Spill Cleanup

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Semantic Segmentation of SLAR Imagery with Convolutional LSTM Selectional AutoEncoders

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs11121402 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 1402 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Antonio-Javier Gallego ◽

Pablo Gil ◽

Antonio Pertusa ◽

Robert B. Fisher

Keyword(s):

Oil Spill ◽

Emergency Services ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Oil Spills ◽

Semantic Segmentation ◽

Neural Architecture ◽

Learning Classifier ◽

Previous State ◽

New Type ◽

Long Short Term Memory

We present a method to detect maritime oil spills from Side-Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR) sensors mounted on aircraft in order to enable a quick response of emergency services when an oil spill occurs. The proposed approach introduces a new type of neural architecture named Convolutional Long Short Term Memory Selectional AutoEncoders (CMSAE) which allows the simultaneous segmentation of multiple classes such as coast, oil spill and ships. Unlike previous works using full SLAR images, in this work only a few scanlines from the beam-scanning of radar are needed to perform the detection. The main objective is to develop a method that performs accurate segmentation using only the current and previous sensor information, in order to return a real-time response during the flight. The proposed architecture uses a series of CMSAE networks to process in parallel each of the objectives defined as different classes. The output of these networks are given to a machine learning classifier to perform the final detection. Results show that the proposed approach can reliably detect oil spills and other maritime objects in SLAR sequences, outperforming the accuracy of previous state-of-the-art methods and with a response time of only 0.76 s.

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Small Tooth Number Difference Planetary Gear Drive with a Crank and Oscillating Block Inputting Mechanism

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.52-54.1268 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 52-54 ◽

pp. 1268-1273 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jian Kun Cui

Keyword(s):

Potential Application ◽

Planetary Gear ◽

Transmission Mechanism ◽

Gear Pair ◽

Gear Drive ◽

Small Tooth ◽

Tooth Number ◽

New Type ◽

Internal Gear ◽

Block Mechanism

A new mechanism construction for small tooth number difference planetary gear drive is developed in which the planet wheel is guided by a planar crank and oscillating block mechanism. The sizes of linkage are design dexterously to get an approximate circumference linkage curve so that the engaging condition of internal gear pair can be satisfied. The trajectory of the inner gear center motion is analyzed and its error comparing with a standard circle is calculated to avoid movement interference. The movement of inner gear is study particularly to deduced formula of instantaneous transmission ratio. Despite observable fluctuation of output speed, this new type of gear transmission mechanism still has potential application value in situation with large ratio and low input speed. A hand drive winch prototype using the mechanism is also illustrated in this paper.

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ESTIMATING MORTALITY OF SEABIRDS FROM OIL SPILLS

International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings ◽

10.7901/2169-3358-1987-1-547 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 1987 (1) ◽

pp. 547-551 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

R. Glenn Ford ◽

Gary W. Page ◽

Harry R. Carter

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Emergency Response ◽

Oil Spill ◽

Potential Application ◽

Damage Assessment ◽

Oil Spills ◽

Central California ◽

Marine Oil ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Using Data

ABSTRACT From an aesthetic and damage assessment standpoint, the loss of seabirds may be one of the more important results of a marine oil spill. Assessment of the actual numbers of seabirds killed is difficult because the bodies of dead or incapacitated seabirds are often never found or recorded. We present a computer methodology that estimates the number of birds that come in contact with an oil spill and partitions these birds among four possible fates: (1) swimming or flying ashore under their own power; (2) carried out to sea by winds and currents; (3) carried inshore, but lost before being beached; and (4) beached by winds and currents. Beached birds are further divided into those that are recovered and those that are not. The accuracy of the methodology is examined using data for two recent spills in central California, each of which resulted in the beachings of large numbers of birds. The methodology also has potential application to real-time emergency response by predicting when and where the greatest numbers of bird beachings will occur.

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Do Trajectories Belong in Area Plans? A New Approach in California Using the Trajectory Analysis Planner (Tap II)1

International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings ◽

10.7901/2169-3358-2001-1-685 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 2001 (1) ◽

pp. 685-691

Author(s):

Heather Parker Hall ◽

Christopher Barker ◽

Peter Gautier ◽

Tim Holmes ◽

James Hardwick

Keyword(s):

San Francisco ◽

Oil Spill ◽

Trajectory Analysis ◽

Planning Process ◽

Deterministic Model ◽

San Francisco Bay ◽

Coast Guard ◽

Ensemble Modeling ◽

Worst Case ◽

New Type

ABSTRACT The National Contingency Plan (NCP) requires that Area Contingency Plans (ACPs) be adequate to address the removal of a worst case discharge from a vessel or facility operating in or near the area. The U.S. Coast Guard took this requirement further by issuing guidance in 1992 that ACPs address response to worst case, maximum most probable, and most probable discharges. As a result, many ACPs include area-specific scenarios applying these discharge quantities. However, there remains very little guidance about including trajectories in the ACPs. For example, only three of California's six ACPs include trajectories from computer models; the remaining three contain only oil spill scenarios that incorporate committee-selected environmental conditions to help estimate where oil might go. The 2000 revision of the San Francisco Bay and Delta ACP includes a new type of trajectory using the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) Trajectory Analysis Planner (TAP II). TAP II is a statistical model rather than a single scenario-based deterministic model. It generates statistics that describe oil spill behavior using an ensemble modeling approach. These statistics are generated from an ensemble of thousands of possible trajectories resulting from hundreds of oil spill scenarios computed within a given location. This approach is designed specifically for planning purposes, and not response. A statistics-based approach facilitates the planning process by providing key information, including which shorelines have the highest probability of being impacted, the size of the area that might be affected, how quickly a response should be mounted, what quantity of oil could impact a shoreline location, which resources will be oiled, which assets will be affected, and the most threatening origin of possible oil discharge. The authors describe how the TAP II model employs ensemble modeling, detail its application in the 2000 version of the San Francisco Bay and Delta ACP, and discuss possibilities for future applications.

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Research Progress and Application Prospect of High Oil-Absorbing Resins

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.1199 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 209-211 ◽

pp. 1199-1202 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xin Liu ◽

Yuan Sheng Wang ◽

Hong Wei Yu ◽

Zheng Wei ◽

Nian Liu

Keyword(s):

Environmental Protection ◽

Polymer Material ◽

Crosslinking Agent ◽

Research Progress ◽

Oil Absorption ◽

Absorption Properties ◽

Functional Polymer ◽

New Type ◽

Oil Absorbent

The high oil-absorbing resin is a new type functional polymer material. The recent development of high oil-absorbent resin and its properties and synthesis were introduced in this reviewpaper. The absorption principle and process of highoil-absorbent resin are also presented. The effect of monomer, crosslinking agent and pore forming agent on high oil-absorption properties of oil-absorbing resin is investigated. At last, the present applications of the high oil-absorbing resin in environmental protection and other industrial purpose are also mentioned.

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