Is the biological nature of depressive symptoms in borderline patients without concomitant Axis I pathology idiosyncratic? Sleep EEG comparison with recurrent brief, major depression and control subjects

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the depressive symptoms and changes in neurotrophins (BDNF, NGF, NT-3), and cortisol levels in serum of peripheral blood from ostomy patients compared to healthy control group. Methods: We evaluated ostomy (n = 29) and healthy control (n = 30) patients. The neurotrophin (BDNF, NGF, NT-3), and cortisol levels were assessed by ELISA in serum of peripheral blood. Depressive symptoms were defined based on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and major depression disorder was based on clinical interviews and was confirmed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I). Results: The results showed a significant decrease in BDNF levels and, a significant increase in NT-3 levels in serum of peripheral blood from ostomy patients when compared to healthy controls. The levels of NGF and cortisol showed no significant differences between groups. The depressive symptom evaluations by HDRS demonstrated a significant increase in ostomy patients when compared to healthy controls. The major depression disorder diagnosis by SCID-I showed no significant difference between groups. Conclusion: Our results suggest ostomy triggers significant depressive symptoms and alterations in neurotrophins levels in serum of peripheral blood samples collected from these patients.

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A Combined Study of Cortisol, ACTH and Dexamethasone Concentrations in Major Depression

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.150.6.791 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 150 (6) ◽

pp. 791-796 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

B. G. Charlton ◽

A. Leake ◽

C. Wright ◽

H. W. Griffiths ◽

I. N. Ferrier

Keyword(s):

Major Depression ◽

High Specificity ◽

Cortisol Concentration ◽

Hormone Concentration ◽

Elevated Plasma ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Specificity And Sensitivity ◽

Depressed Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

The pathophysiology of hypercortisolaemia in major depression was examined. ACTH was measured using a novel immunoradiometric assay of high specificity and sensitivity. Twenty-eight patients with major depression and 18 control subjects were studied. Blood samples for basal hormone concentration were taken at 09:00, 16:00 and 23:00 on day 1, followed by administration of 1 mg dexamethasone at 23:00. Further samples were taken at 09:00 and 16:00 on day 2. Dexamethasone concentration was measured in day 2 samples and no significant difference was found between the depressed group and control subjects. In the depressed group Cortisol concentration was elevated at 23:00 on day 1, and ACTH concentrations were elevated in post-dexamethasone samples. ACTH and Cortisol concentrations were not directly correlated in individual patients. The elevated plasma Cortisol associated with major depression is not solely mediated by changes in ACTH.

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Biological nature of depressive symptoms in borderline personality disorder: endocrine comparison to recurrent brief and major depression

Journal of Psychiatric Research ◽

10.1016/s0022-3956(01)00056-5 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 137-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

José Manuel De la Fuente ◽

Julio Bobes ◽

Coro Vizuete ◽

Julien Mendlewicz

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Major Depression ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

Biological Nature

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Using Major Depression Polygenic Risk Scores to Explore the Depressive Symptom Continuum

10.1101/2020.02.25.962704 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bradley S Jermy ◽

Saskia P Hagenaars ◽

Kylie P Glanville ◽

Jonathan RI Coleman ◽

David M Howard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Major Depression ◽

Risk Scores ◽

P Value ◽

Polygenic Risk ◽

Symptom Level ◽

Continuous Phenotype ◽

The Uk ◽

And Control

AbstractBackgroundIt is not clear whether major depression (MD) is a categorical disorder or if depressive symptoms exist on a continuum based on severity. Observational studies comparing sub-threshold and clinical depression suggest MD is continuous, but many do not explore the full continuum and are yet to consider genetics as a risk factor. This study sought to understand if polygenic risk for MD could provide insight into the continuous nature of MD.MethodsFactor analysis on symptom-level data from the UK Biobank (N=148,957) was used to derive continuous depression phenotypes which were tested for association with polygenic risk scores for a categorical definition of MD (N=119,692).ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis showed a five-factor hierarchical model, incorporating 15 of the original 18 items, produced good fit to the observed covariance matrix (CFI = 0.992, TLI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.038, SRMR = 0.031). MD PRS associated with each factor score (standardised ß range: 0.057 – 0.064) and the association remained when the sample was stratified into case- and control-only subsets. The case-only subset had an increased association compared to controls for all factors, shown via a significant interaction between lifetime MD diagnosis and MD PRS (p-value range: 2.28×10−3 - 4.56×10−7).ConclusionsAn association between MD PRS and a continuous phenotype of depressive symptoms in case- and control-only subsets provides support against a purely categorical phenotype; indicating further insights into MD can be obtained when this within-group variation is considered. The stronger association within cases suggests this variation may be of particular importance.

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The Effects of a Neutral Stimulus (Buzzer) on Motor Responses and Disfluencies in Normal Speakers

Journal of Speech and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/jshr.1201.179 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 179-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Richard R. Martin ◽

Gerald M. Siegel

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Neutral Stimulus ◽

Motor Responses ◽

Control Subjects ◽

And Control ◽

Speaking Task

Seventy-two college students were divided into three groups: Button Push-Speech (BP-S), Speech-Button Push (S-BP), and Control. BP-S subjects pushed one of two buttons on signal for 8 min. During the last 4 min, depression of the criterion button caused a buzzer to sound. After the button-push task, subjects spoke spontaneously for 30 min. During the last 20 min, the buzzer was presented contingent upon each disfluency. S-BP subjects were run under the same procedures, but the order of button-push and speech tasks was reversed. Control subjects followed the same procedures as S-BP subjects, but no buzzer signal was presented at any time. Both S-BP and BP-S subjects emitted significantly fewer disfluencies during the last 20 min (Conditioning) than during the first 10 min (Baserate) of the speaking task. The frequency of disfluencies for Control subjects did not change significantly from Baserate to Conditioning. In none of the three groups did the frequency of pushes on the criterion button change significantly from minute to minute throughout the 8-min button-push session.

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Tests for Platelet Changes, Acute Phase Reactants and Serum Lipids in Diabetes mellitus and Peripheral Vascular Disease

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1657283 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 48 (03) ◽

pp. 289-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

B A van Oost ◽

B F E Veldhuyzen ◽

H C van Houwelingen ◽

A P M Timmermans ◽

J J Sixma

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Vascular Disease ◽

Peripheral Vascular Disease ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Serum Lipids ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Peripheral Vascular ◽

Acute Phase Reactants ◽

Control Subjects ◽

And Control

SummaryPlatelets tests, acute phase reactants and serum lipids were measured in patients with diabetes mellitus and patients with peripheral vascular disease. Patients frequently had abnormal platelet tests and significantly increased acute phase reactants and serum lipids, compared to young healthy control subjects. These differences were compared with multidiscriminant analysis. Patients could be separated in part from the control subjects with variables derived from the measurement of acute phase proteins and serum lipids. Platelet test results improved the separation between diabetics and control subjects, but not between patients with peripheral vascular disease and control subjects. Diabetic patients with severe retinopathy frequently had evidence of platelet activation. They also had increased acute phase reactants and serum lipids compared to diabetics with absent or nonproliferative retinopathy. In patients with peripheral vascular disease, only the fibrinogen concentration was related to the degree of vessel damage by arteriography.

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The fate of orally administered sialic acid: First insights from patients with N-acetylneuraminic acid synthase deficiency and control subjects

Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports ◽

10.1016/j.ymgmr.2021.100777 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 100777

Author(s):

Christel Tran ◽

Licia Turolla ◽

Diana Ballhausen ◽

Sandrine Cornaz Buros ◽

Tony Teav ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sialic Acid ◽

Acetylneuraminic Acid ◽

Control Subjects ◽

And Control

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Effectiveness of a Psychoeducational Group Intervention Carried Out by Nurses for Patients with Depression and Physical Comorbidity in Primary Care: Randomized Clinical Trial

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18062948 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 2948

Author(s):

Antonia Raya-Tena ◽

María Isabel Fernández-San-Martin ◽

Jaume Martin-Royo ◽

Rocío Casañas ◽

Glòria Sauch-Valmaña ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Clinical Trial ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Group Intervention ◽

Therapeutic Response ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Psychoeducational Group ◽

One Year ◽

And Control

The association between physical illness and depression implies a poorer management of chronic disease and a lower response to antidepressant treatments. Our study evaluates the effectiveness of a psychoeducational group intervention led by Primary Care (PC) nurses, aimed at patients of this kind. It is a randomized, multicenter clinical trial with intervention (IG) and control groups (CG), blind response variables, and a one year follow-up. The study included 380 patients ≥50 years of age from 18 PC teams. The participants presented depression (BDI-II > 12) and a physical comorbidity: diabetes mellitus type 2, ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and/or asthma. The IG (n = 204) received the psychoeducational intervention (12 weekly sessions of 90 min), and the CG (n = 176) had standard care. The patients were evaluated at baseline, and at 4 and 12 months. The main outcome measures were clinical remission of depressive symptoms (BDI-II ≤ 13) and therapeutic response (reduction of depressive symptoms by 50%). Remission was not significant at four months. At 12 months it was 53.9% in the IG and 41.5% in the CG. (OR = 0.61, 95% CI, 0.49–0.76). At 4 months the response in the IG (OR = 0.59, 95% CI, 0.44–0.78) was significant, but not at 12 months. The psychoeducational group intervention led by PC nurses for individuals with depression and physical comorbidity has been shown to be effective for remission at long-term and for therapeutic response at short-term.

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