Luminescence dosimetry in a contaminated settlement of the Techa River valley, Southern Urals, Russia

The aim of this work is to assess the radiogenic risk of solid cancers incidence in the members of the Urals Childhood Exposure Cohort. The cohort includes people exposed under 20 years of age as a result of two radiation accidents at the Mayak Production Association in the Southern Urals (discharges of radioactive waste into the Techa River and the formation of the East Ural radioactive trace). The number of the cohort for solid cancer incidence analysis is 31,578 individuals. All the members were postnatally exposed and some of them – in-utero. Some of their parents were exposed before conception. 2,018 solid cancers were registered on the incidence catchment area during the period 1956-2018, the total amount of person years was 818,083. The analysis was carried out by the Poisson regression method with a simple parametric excess relative risk model. 95% confidence intervals were estimated with maximum likelihood approach. Only a postnatal dose was used in the first solid cancer incidence analysis of this cohort members with due account for preconception exposure of parents. TRDS-2016 mean postnatal dose accumulated over the entire follow-up period in the stomach of cohort members was 0.047 Gy. The analysis showed linear dependence of solid cancer incidence excess relative risk on postnatal dose. Excess relative risk was 0.66/Gy, р=0.006 with a five-year latency period. While estimating excess relative risk in different age groups at the beginning of exposure, a significant risk was present only in the age group under 1 year and amounted to 2.16/Gy; р<0.02 at the onset of exposure. The present results are in agreement with the results of the solid cancer incidence risk analysis both in the Techa River Cohort of exposed In-Utero where a statistically significant excess relative risk from a postnatal dose was revealed, and with the results of risk analysis in the Japanese cohort of people exposed in-utero and in early childhood.

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Biostratigraphy of the Late Upper Pleistocene (Upper Neopleistocene) to Holocene deposits of the Belaya River valley (Southern Urals, Russia)

Quaternary International ◽

10.1016/j.quaint.2010.06.034 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 231 (1-2) ◽

pp. 28-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Guzel Danukalova ◽

Anatoly Yakovlev ◽

Evgenija Osipova ◽

Liliana Alimbekova ◽

Tatyana Yakovleva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Southern Urals ◽

River Valley ◽

Upper Pleistocene ◽

Upper Neopleistocene

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Cancer Mortality After Chronic Low-Dose Rate Radiation Exposure on the Techa River, Southern Urals

Epidemiology ◽

10.1097/00001648-200611001-00150 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 17 (Suppl) ◽

pp. S68

Author(s):

Ostroumova Evgenia

Keyword(s):

Radiation Exposure ◽

Dose Rate ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Low Dose ◽

Southern Urals ◽

Low Dose Rate ◽

Techa River

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Ethnic Behaviour under Conditions of High Radiation

Inner Asia ◽

10.1163/146481700793647940 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 63-72

Author(s):

Galina Komarova

Keyword(s):

Waste Disposal ◽

Southern Urals ◽

Soviet Period ◽

Nuclear Accidents ◽

High Radiation ◽

The Southern Urals ◽

Men And Women ◽

Affected Area ◽

Techa River ◽

River Region

AbstractIn the 1950s and 1960s serious nuclear accidents and ongoing pollution by waste disposal from the ‘Mayak’ plant affected the Techa River region in the Southern Urals (Russia). These episodes were clouded in secrecy during the Soviet period, such that even local people were unaware of the dangers. Virtually all families have been affected by radiation sickness. Yet even today people still live in the affected area. The article describes how three generations of the population has adapted to life in such dangerous conditions and it outlines the very different responses of men and women and of the various ethnic groups living in the area (Tatars, Bashkirs, and Russians).

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Results of Archaeо- and Ethnozoological Research on the Settlement of the Late Bronze Age Chernorech’e-2

Teoriya i praktika arkheologicheskikh issledovaniy ◽

10.14258/tpai(2021)33(1).-06 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 85-105

Author(s):

Rassadnikov A. ◽

Keyword(s):

Bronze Age ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Southern Urals ◽

River Valley ◽

Joint Analysis ◽

South Urals ◽

Late Bronze Age ◽

State University ◽

The Southern Urals ◽

Main Period

Abstract: The work is devoted to the analysis of archaeozoological and ethnozoological materials, which are represented by the settlement of Chernorechye-2 and modern animal husbandry in the valley of the Uy river. The main period of the settlement’s functioning is associated with the Alakul culture of the Late Bronze Age of the Southern Urals (the 17th — 15th centuries BC). The aim of the article is to reconstruct various aspects of animal husbandry based on the analysis of the bones of livestock and data obtained while studying the section of the river valley adjacent to the site. The bones from the Chernorechye-2 settlement of were analyzed using standard and generally accepted archaeozoological methods. Analysis of the archaeozoological collection made it possible to reconstruct the cattle-breeding character of the settlement throughout its entire existence. The inhabitants of the site comprehensively exploited cattle, sheep, goats and horses. Paleopathological analysis revealed no basis for reconstructing the working use of bulls and horses. Joint analysis of archaeozoological and ethnozoological data allows us to propose a settled model form of pastoralism as the highest priority for the Chernorechye-2 settlement. Part of the area of the settlement buildings could be used as a stall for livestock. Keywords: South Urals, Late Bronze Age, Alakul culture, pastoralism, paleopathology, osteochondrosis, osteophagia, cattle, caprines, horse Acknowledgements: Excavations of the settlement were carried out within the framework of the international project Wenner Gren Anthropological Foundation “Uy River Valley Communities of Practice Project” No. 9542. I would like to express my gratitude to the team of archaeologists of the UC for the Study of the Problems of Nature and Man of Chelyabinsk State University for the opportunity to work with materials and study the valley of the Uy River. I would also like to express thanks to Christina I. Barrón-Ortiz, Deb Bennett and William Taylor, and other members of the ZOOARCH community for advice on the horse bones and the literature provided. Special thanks to the reviewers of the article whose comments allowed us to improve the work.

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Breast cancer incidence risk in accidentally exposed persons of the Southern Urals

Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene ◽

10.21514/1998-426x-2021-14-3-69-79 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 69-79

Author(s):

L. Yu. Krestinina ◽

L. D. Mikryukova ◽

S. A. Shalaginov ◽

S. S. Silkin ◽

S. B. Epifanova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Breast Cancer Incidence ◽

Latency Period ◽

Southern Urals ◽

Likelihood Method ◽

The Southern Urals ◽

Techa River ◽

Incidence Risk ◽

The Impact

The objective of the paper is to assess the breast cancer incidence risk in the Ural cohort of accidentally exposed population. The cohort of people exposed in the Southern Urals on the Techa River and in the East Ural Radioactive Trace was created in 2018. This is the first time that breast cancer risk analysis in women in this cohort is being carried out. Over the period from 1956 to 2018, 337breast cancer cases and 741,533person-years at risk were reported in the female subcohort in the incidence catchment area. Mean accumulated dose to the mammary gland, calculated using the TRDS-2016 dosimetry system, was 46 mGy, the maximum dose was 1 Gy. Regression analysis was performed using the EPICURE software package. Statistical significance with 95% probability was assessed by the maximum likelihood method. As a result of the analysis, a statistically significant linear dependence of breast cancer parameters on the dose was obtained. Excess relative risk for the follow-up period from 1956 through 2018 for members of the female subcohort with a 5-year latency period was 2.39 / Gy. The paper also discusses the impact of available for analyses non-radiation factors on both baseline rates of breast cancer incidence and those associated with radiation exposure. These results do not contradict those obtained in the previous study in the Techa River Cohort separately, and in the Japanese L SS cohort of atomic bomb survivors.

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