Intake and Selection of Goats Grazing Heterogeneous Vegetation: Effect of Gastrointestinal Nematodes and Condensed Tannins

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 946-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Arturo Torres-Fajardo ◽  
Jorge Augusto Navarro-Alberto ◽  
Javier Ventura-Cordero ◽  
Pedro Geraldo González-Pech ◽  
Carlos Alfredo Sandoval-Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Vegetation Effect ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Heterogeneous Vegetation

scholarly journals Risk factors relating to helminth infections in cows during the peripartum

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenevaldo Barbosa da Silva ◽  
Charles Passos Rangel ◽  
Bruna de Azevedo Baêta ◽  
Adivaldo Henrique da Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Peripartum Period ◽  
Spearman Test ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of this study was to investigate whether season, lactation number, breed standard and milk production were risk factors relating to occurrences of gastrointestinal nematodes in dairy cows during the peripartum period. Eighty-four cows were randomly selected through proportional stratified sampling. In order to analyze the fecal egg per gram (EPG) count, the data were subjected to the Spearman test, Kruskal-Wallis test at 5% significance and linear regression. At the time of calving, the cows showed high EPG counts in relation to all variables analyzed. Among the animals studied, we observed that purebred Holstein cows at their first lactation and with high milk production showed high EPG counts (600) and comprised the group most at risk within the herd studied. In this group, the animals showed moderate EPG during the prepartum period (300) and a significant increase (p < 0.01) in EPG count from the time of calving (900), i.e. an increase of the order of 300%. Selection of animals for milk production in tropical countries should be based not only on productive potential, but also on adaptive features.

scholarly journals Effects of condensed tannins towards dairy caprine gastrointestinal nematodes

2019 ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
Suarez VH ◽  
Olmos LH ◽  
Martinez GM ◽  
Sandoval GV ◽  
Alfaro EJ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Corn Grain ◽  
Made In

In order to evaluate condensed tannins (CT) effect on dairy goat gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) under a grazing and confined systems, two experiments (E1 and E2) were made. On both, goats were kept in two groups of 10 animals each. Groups were: control, without treatment (CG) and CT supplemented (CTG) daily with 25 g (1,25%) in E1 and 75 g (2%) in E2. During the E1, feeding was based on Lucerne (Medicago sativa) grazing and supplementation with 500 g of corn grain and during the E2, stabled milking goats ate 500 g of corn grain and ad libitum lucerne hay. Biweekly, faecal egg counts (FEC) and coprocultures were made. In addition, FAMACHA© technique, body condition score (BCSS) and ingested food were recorded each two weeks during the 90 days (E1) and 76 (E2) days of trial. The FEC values in most of the study were low and no significant differences (p<0.78) were detected between groups. Mean FEC were 534 (CTG) and 357 (CG) during E1 and 509 (CTG) and 484 (CG) during E2. The predominant NGI genera were Trichostrongylussp. (48.1%), Haemonchus sp. (39.9%) and Teladorsagia sp. (12.0%). FAMACHA© scores did not show significant (p<0.41) differences between groups, but the CG (median=3) showed a BCS significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of CTG (median=2.5). The average milk production did not present statistically significant differences between groups (p<0.57), between sampling dates (p<0.23) and group x sampling dates (p<0.65). Under the conditions of these studies 25g or 75 g of CT in the diet had no anthelmintic or productive effects. Keywords: Gastrointestinal nematode; Dairy goat; Condensed tannin; Production

Feed resource selection of Criollo goats is the result of an interaction between plant resources, condensed tannins and Haemonchus contortus infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Arturo Torres-Fajardo ◽  
Pedro Geraldo González-Pech ◽  
Javier Ventura-Cordero ◽  
Guadalupe Isabel Ortíz-Ocampo ◽  
Carlos Alfredo Sandoval-Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Resource Selection ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Agroforestry and Biodiversity

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjith P. Udawatta ◽  
Lalith Rankoth ◽  
Shibu Jose
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Partial Solution ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Agricultural Sustainability ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Microclimate Conditions ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Heterogeneous Vegetation

Declining biodiversity (BD) is aecting food security, agricultural sustainability,and environmental quality. Agroforestry (AF) is recognized as a possible partial solution forBD conservation and improvement. This manuscript uses published peer-reviewed manuscripts,reviews, meta-analysis, and federal and state agency documents to evaluate relationships betweenAF and BD and how AF can be used to conserve BD. The review revealed that floral, faunal, and soilmicrobial diversity were significantly greater in AF as compared to monocropping, adjacent croplands, and within crop alleys and some forests. Among the soil organisms, arbuscular mycorrhizaefungi (AMF), bacteria, and enzyme activities were significantly greater in AF than crop and livestockpractices. Agroforestry also creates spatially concentrated high-density BD near trees due to favorablesoil-plant-water-microclimate conditions. The greater BD was attributed to heterogeneous vegetation,organic carbon, microclimate, soil conditions, and spatial distribution of trees. Dierences in BDbetween AF and other management types diminished with time. Evenly distributed leaves, litter,roots, dead/live biological material, and microclimate improve soil and microclimate in adjacentcrop and pasture areas as the system matures. Results of the study prove that integration of AFcan improve BD in agricultural lands. Selection of site suitable tree/shrub/grass-crop combinationscan be used to help address soil nutrient deficiencies or environmental conditions. Future studieswith standardized management protocols may be needed for all regions to further strengthen thesefindings and to develop AF establishment criteria for BD conservation and agricultural sustainability.

Long-term effects of drenches with condensed tannins from Acacia mearnsii on goats naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes

2014 ◽  
Vol 205 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 725-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livio M. Costa-Júnior ◽  
Jailson S. Costa ◽  
Ítala C.P.D. Lôbo ◽  
Alexandra M.S. Soares ◽  
Adibe L. Abdala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Acacia Mearnsii

scholarly journals Impact of chemical structure of flavanol monomers and condensed tannins on in vitro anthelmintic activity against bovine nematodes

Parasitology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLIVIER DESRUES ◽  
CHRISTOS FRYGANAS ◽  
HONORATA M. ROPIAK ◽  
IRENE MUELLER-HARVEY ◽  
HEIDI L. ENEMARK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Structural Parameter ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Inhibition Assay ◽  
Feeding Inhibition

SUMMARYPlants containing condensed tannins (CT) may have potential to control gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) of cattle. The aim was to investigate the anthelmintic activities of four flavan-3-ols, two galloyl derivatives and 14 purified CT fractions, and to define which structural features of CT determine the anti-parasitic effects against the main cattle nematodes. We used in vitro tests targeting L1 larvae (feeding inhibition assay) and adults (motility assay) of Ostertagia ostertagi and Cooperia oncophora. In the larval feeding inhibition assay, O. ostertagi L1 were significantly more susceptible to all CT fractions than C. oncophora L1. The mean degree of polymerization of CT (i.e. average size) was the most important structural parameter: large CT reduced larval feeding more than small CT. The flavan-3-ols of prodelphinidin (PD)-type tannins had a stronger negative influence on parasite activity than the stereochemistry, i.e. cis- vs trans-configurations, or the presence of a gallate group. In contrast, for C. oncophora high reductions in the motility of larvae and adult worms were strongly related with a higher percentage of PDs within the CT fractions while there was no effect of size. Overall, the size and the percentage of PDs within CT seemed to be the most important parameters that influence anti-parasitic activity.

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