An altered expression of components of the IGF system could contribute to follicular persistence in Holstein cows

Abstract. Growth is a biological phenomenon that is subject to complex endo-, para-, and autocrine control mechanisms. In addition to insulin, thyroid hormones, sex steroids, and growth hormone (GH), components of the IGF system have been identified as key players in growth regulation. However, since altered growth is often associated with multiple changes in this complex regulatory network, the specific effects of individual components remain to be determined. Therefore, our lab focused on the functional dissection of the IGF system using transgenic mice and other animal models which are characterized by altered expression of individual members of this system. Here we review some of our findings identifying members of the IGF family as candidate genes which may affect important traits in livestock production.

Download Full-text

249 PROFILE OF MEMBERS OF IGF SYSTEM GENE EXPRESSION IN BOVINE IMMATURE OOCYTES: COMPARISON BETWEEN NELLORE (BOS INDICUS) AND HOLSTEIN (BOS TAURUS)

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rdv22n1ab249 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 282

Author(s):

R. A. Satrapa ◽

R. A. L. Simões ◽

A. C. S. Castilho ◽

T. Nabhan ◽

C. F. Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Embryo Development ◽

Target Genes ◽

Bos Taurus ◽

Bos Indicus ◽

Holstein Cows ◽

Immature Oocytes ◽

Igf System ◽

Igf Receptors

There is evidence that IGF system can be involved in the oocyte competence and, consequently, in the embryo development. To better understand possible differences between Bos taurus and Bos indicus in in vitro embryo development, the current work aimed to assess the expression of IGF ligands (IGF-1 and 2), types 1 and 2 IGF receptors (IGFR1 and 2), IGF-binding proteins 2 and 4 (IGFBP-2 and 4), and type A pregnancy-associated plasmatic protein (PAPP-A) mRNA in bovine immature oocytes fromBos Taurus and Bos indicus. Nellore and Holstein cows were submitted to ovum pickup, and the oocytes with grade 1, 2, and 3 were selected. To remove cumulus cells and pellucida zone, respectively, the oocytes were submitted to vortex (900 × g for 3 min) and protease treatment (Protease® from Streptomyces griseus, Sigma-Aldrich Corporation, St. Louis, MO, USA). Pools of 20 oocytes obtained from Nellore (n = 8) and Holstein (n = 4) cows were submitted to total RNA extraction (RNeasy, Qiagen, Valencia, CA, USA). The gene expression of target genes was measured by real-time RT-PCR with oligo-dT in the RT and bovine-specific primers in the PCR. Expression of cyclophlin A (CYC-A) was used as internal control. The means of mRNA levels of target genes between the breeds were compared using t-test and Mann-Whitney test when the data had normal or not normal distribution, respectively. The means values of mRNA expression of IGF-1, IGF-2, IGF receptors (1 and 2), and IGFBP 2 and 4 were greater in Holstein (0.96 ± 0.21, 0.74 ± 0.27, 1.08 ± 0.04, 1.19 ± 0.5, 1.21 ± 0.23, 0.53 ± 0.15, respectively) compared with Nellore (0.48 ± 0.10, 0.07 ± 0.02, 0.04 ± 0.03, 0.06 ± 0.02, 0.05 ± 0.01, 0.03 ± 0.15, respectively; P < 0.01). Never- theless, mRNA expression of PAPP-A was much greater in Nellore (28.10 ± 18.96) than in Holstein (1.32 ± 0.17; P < 0.05). These results suggest that high expression of PAPP-A and low expression of IGFBP-2 and 4 could allow more efficiency on the degradation of IGFBP and increase the IGF bioavailability in the oocytes from Nellore as compared with Holstein cows. Satrapa, Simões, and Castilho received a fellowship and funding from FAPESP (São Paulo, Brazil).

Download Full-text

Neutrophil transmigration in inflammatory bowel disease is associated with altered expression of intercellular junction proteins

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(01)80927-6 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A187-A187 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T KUCHARZIK ◽

S WALSH ◽

J CHEN ◽

C PARKOS ◽

A NUSRAT

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Intercellular Junction ◽

Altered Expression ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Junction Proteins

Download Full-text

The Oral Intake of Organic Germanium, Ge-132, Elevates α-Tocopherol Levels in the Plas-ma and Modulates Hepatic Gene Expression Profiles to Promote Immune Activation in Mice

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000205 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 84 (3-4) ◽

pp. 0183-0195 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Takashi Nakamura ◽

Tomoya Takeda ◽

Yoshihiko Tokuji

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Immune Activation ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Alpha Tocopherol ◽

Hepatic Gene Expression ◽

Tocopherol Concentration ◽

Altered Expression ◽

Atp Production ◽

Transfer Protein

The common water-soluble organic germanium compound poly-trans-[(2-carboxyethyl) germasesquioxane] (Ge-132) exhibits activities related to immune responses and antioxidant induction. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidative effect of dietary Ge-132 in the plasma of mice. Male ICR mice (seven mice per group) received an AIN-76 diet with 0.05 % Ge-132; three groups received the Ge-132-containing diet for 0, 1 or 4 days. The plasma alpha-tocopherol (α-tocopherol) concentration increased from 6.85 to 9.60 μg/ml after 4 days of Ge-132 intake (p < 0.05). We evaluated the changes in hepatic gene expression related to antioxidative activity as well as in the entire expression profile after one day of Ge-132 intake, using DNA microarray technology. We identified 1,220 genes with altered expression levels greater than 1.5-fold (increased or decreased) as a result of Ge-132 intake, and α-tocopherol transfer protein (Ttpa) gene expression was increased 1.62-fold. Immune activation was identified as the category with the most changes (containing 60 Gene Ontology (GO) term biological processes (BPs), 41 genes) via functional clustering analysis of altered gene expression. Ge-132 affected genes in clusters related to ATP production (22 GO term BPs, 21 genes), lipid metabolism (4 GO term BPs, 38 genes) and apoptosis (5 GO term BPs). Many GO term BPs containing these categories were significantly affected by the Ge-132 intake. Oral Ge-132 intake may therefore have increased plasma α-tocopherol levels by up-regulating α-tocopherol transfer protein (Ttpa) gene expression.

Download Full-text

Altered expression of Ca2+ binding proteins in FRTL-5 clones expressing mutant TSH receptors

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes ◽

10.1055/s-2007-972277 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 115 (S 1) ◽

Author(s):

S Lorenz ◽

M Eszlinger ◽

D Führer ◽

K Krohn

Keyword(s):

Binding Proteins ◽

Altered Expression

Download Full-text

Polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system.

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.56.p926 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ivica Lazurova ◽

Jana Figurova ◽

Zora Lazurova ◽

Silvia Toporcerova ◽

Miroslava Rabajdova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Igf System

Download Full-text

E-cadherin-catenin complex in the rat ovary: cell-specific expression during folliculogenesis and luteal formation

Reproduction ◽

10.1530/reprod/118.2.375 ◽

2000 ◽

pp. 375-385 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

K Sundfeldt ◽

Y Piontkewitz ◽

H Billig ◽

L Hedin

Keyword(s):

Granulosa Cells ◽

Interstitial Cells ◽

Ovary Cell ◽

Beta Catenin ◽

Oestrogen Treatment ◽

Altered Expression ◽

Preantral Follicles ◽

Rat Ovary ◽

E Cadherin ◽

Cell Cell

The cadherins and their cytoplasmic counterparts, the catenins, form the adherens junctions, which are of importance for tissue integrity and barrier functions. The development and maturation of the ovarian follicle is characterized by structural changes, which require altered expression or function of the components involved in cell-cell contacts. The present study examined the cell-specific localization and temporal expression of epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) and alpha- and beta-catenin during follicular development, ovulation and corpus luteum formation in the immature gonadotrophin- and oestrogen-stimulated rat ovary. Immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting demonstrated the expression of E-cadherin in theca and interstitial cells of immature ovaries before and after injection of equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG). E-cadherin was not detected in granulosa cells, except in the preantral follicles located to the inner region of the ovary. The content of E-cadherin in theca and interstitial cells decreased after an ovulatory dose of hCG. Granulosa cells of apoptotic follicles did not express E-cadherin. Oestrogen treatment (diethylstilboestrol) of immature rats for up to 3 days did not result in a measurable expression of E-cadherin in granulosa cells. alpha- and beta-catenin were expressed in all ovarian compartments. The concentration of beta-catenin was constant during the follicular phase, whereas the content of alpha-catenin decreased in granulosa cells after treatment with diethylstilboestrol or hCG. The expression of alpha-catenin was also reduced in theca and interstitial cells after hCG. alpha- and beta-catenin were present in most ovarian cells at all stages of folliculogenesis. Therefore, the catenins have the potential to associate with different members of the cadherin family and to participate in the regulation of cytoskeletal structures and intracellular signalling. The restricted expression of E-cadherin in granulosa cells of preantral follicles indicates a role in the recruitment of these follicles to subsequent cycles. The specific decrease of alpha-catenin in granulosa cells and the reduction of both alpha-catenin and E-cadherin in theca cells of ovulatory follicles might reflect some of the molecular changes in cell-cell adhesion associated with ovulation and luteinization.

Download Full-text

MicroRNAs and their role in hematological malignant diseases

Orvosi Hetilap ◽

10.1556/oh.2012.29511 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 153 (52) ◽

pp. 2051-2059 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Zsuzsanna Gaál ◽

Éva Oláh

Keyword(s):

Target Genes ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Cancer Tissue ◽

Altered Expression ◽

Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽

Oncologic Patients ◽

Different Types ◽

Non Coding Rnas ◽

Success Of Treatment ◽

Posttranscriptional Level

MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression at posttranscriptional level. Their target genes include numerous regulators of cell cycle, cell proliferation as well as apoptosis. Therefore, they are implicated in the initiation and progression of cancer, tissue invasion and metastasis formation as well. MicroRNA profiles supply much information about both the origin and the differentiation state of tumours. MicroRNAs also have a key role during haemopoiesis. An altered expression level of those have often been observed in different types of leukemia. There are successful attempts to apply microRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia. Measurement of the expression levels may help to predict the success of treatment with different kinds of chemotherapeutic drugs. MicroRNAs are also regarded as promising therapeutic targets, and can contribute to a more personalized therapeutic approach in haemato-oncologic patients. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 2051–2059.

Download Full-text