Whey protein supplementation in association with resistance training on additional muscle strength gain in older adults: A meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gomes-Neto ◽  
T.L.T. Braga da Silva ◽  
V.O. Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Strength Gain

scholarly journals Effects of Milk Protein in Resistance Training-Induced Lean Mass Gains for Older Adults Aged ≥ 60 y: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2815
Author(s):  
Ling-Pi Huang ◽  
Giancarlo Condello ◽  
Chia-Hua Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Eligibility Criteria

This review evaluated the effects of milk-based protein supplementation on resistance training (RT)-induced gains in lean body mass or fat free mass (LBM/FFM) and muscle strength for older adults. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus and EBSCOhost/SPORTDiscus was conducted. Eligibility criteria: Randomized controlled trials comparing all types of milk-based protein supplements with control supplements for the training older adults at mean age ≥ 60 y. Twenty studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, whilst seventeen studies were included in the quantitative synthesis. A dose of 10–15 g of milk protein supplementation was sufficient to augment RT-induced LBM/FFM. Intriguingly, four out of five studies show negative effect of whey protein supplementation at the same dose range (or even higher) compared with control supplementation (−0.49 kg, 95% CI: −0.69, −0.29, I2 = 14%, Z = 4.82, p < 0.001). For milk-based protein supplementation, RT-induced improvements in muscle strength were observed only when the protein doses ≥22 g (+0.66 kg, 95% CI: 0.07, 1.25, I2 = 0%, Z = 2.18, p = 0.03). Conclusion: Milk protein is superior to whey protein in enhancing RT-induced LBM/FFM gains for older adults. Optimal daily protein intake can dilute the protein supplementation effect.

scholarly journals Effects of resistance training on self-reported disability in older adults with functional limitations or disability – a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Øllgaard Olsen ◽  
Anne-Ditte Termannsen ◽  
Maja Bramming ◽  
Mark A. Tully ◽  
Paolo Caserotti
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Background Self-reported disability has a strong negative impact on older people’s quality of life and is often associated with the need for assistance and health care services. Resistance training (RT) has been repeatedly shown to improve muscle function (e.g. strength) and functional capacity (e.g. gait speed, chair-rise) in older adults with functional limitations. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether such objectively assessed improvements translate into a reduction in self-reported disability. Objectives To assess: i) whether and to what extent RT interventions have an effect on self-reported disability in older adults (≥65 years) with functional limitations or disability; and ii) whether the effects on self-reported disability are associated with changes in objective measures of muscle strength and functional capacity across studies. Methods PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus electronic databases were searched in June 2018. Randomized controlled trials reporting effects of RT on self-reported disability/function in ≥65 year-old adults with defined, functional limitations or self-reported disability were eligible. Data on self-reported disability/function were pooled by calculating adjusted standardized mean differences (SMD) using Hedges’g. Likewise, effect sizes for three secondary outcomes: knee extensor muscle strength; gait capacity; and lower body functional capacity were calculated and fit as covariates in separate meta-regressions with self-reported disability as the dependent factor. Results Fourteen RCTs were eligible for the primary meta-analysis on self-reported disability. The total number of participants was 651 (intervention n = 354; control n = 297). A significant moderate positive effect of RT was found (SMD: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.253 to 0.925, p = 0.001). Between-study heterogeneity was present (I2 statistic = 75,1%, p <  0.001). RT effects on objective measures of lower body functional capacity were significantly associated with effects on self-reported disability (Adj. R2 = 99%, p = 0.002, n = 12 studies), whereas no significant associations with gait capacity or knee extensor strength were found. Conclusions This review provides evidence that RT has a moderate positive effect on self-reported disability/function in old people with or at risk for disability. The effects are strongly associated with effects on objective measures of lower body functional capacity.

EFFECT OF RESISTANCE TRAINING FREQUENCY ON MUSCLE STRENGTH GAIN IN OLDER ADULTS.

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
D. R. Taaffe ◽  
C. Duret ◽  
S. Wheeler ◽  
R. Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Strength Gain ◽  
Training Frequency

scholarly journals Effects of Protein Supplementation Combined with Exercise Training on Muscle Mass and Function in Older Adults with Lower-Extremity Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2422
Author(s):  
Chun-De Liao ◽  
Yen-Tzu Wu ◽  
Jau-Yih Tsauo ◽  
Pey-Rong Chen ◽  
Yu-Kang Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Joint Replacement ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Total Joint Replacement ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Protein Supplementation

Aging and osteoarthritis (OA) are associated with a high risk of muscle mass loss, which can lead to physical disability. This study investigated the effectiveness of protein supplementation combined with exercise training (PS + ET) in improving muscle mass and functional outcomes in older adults with lower-limb OA. A comprehensive search of online databases was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effectiveness of PS + ET in older adults with hip or knee OA. Meta-analysis and risk of bias assessment of the included RCTs were conducted. Six RCTs were included in this systemic review; they had a median (range/total) Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) score of 7 (6–9) out of 10, respectively. Five RCTs that enrolled patients who underwent total joint replacement were included in this meta-analysis. The PS + ET group exhibited significant improvements in muscle mass (standard mean difference [SMD] = 1.13, p < 0.00001), pain (SMD = 1.36, p < 0.00001), and muscle strength (SMD = 0.44, p = 0.04). Our findings suggest that PS + ET improves muscle mass, muscle strength, and functional outcomes and reduces pain in older adults with lower-limb OA, particularly in those who have undergone total joint replacement.

Training Session and Detraining Duration Affect Lower Limb Muscle Strength Maintenance in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Yong Yang ◽  
Shu-Chen Chen ◽  
Chiao-Nan Chen ◽  
Chihw-Wen Hsu ◽  
Wen-Sheng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Standardized Mean Difference

Muscle strength after detraining is still higher than the level before training, which is an important issue for middle-aged and older adults. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of detraining duration (DD), resistance training duration (RTD), and intensity on the maintenance of resistance training (RT) benefits after detraining in middle-aged and older adults. A systematic search yielded 15 randomized control trails (n = 383) eligible for inclusion. The results showed that RTD ≥ 24 weeks and DD ≥ RTD, the RT benefits were still significantly maintained even with medium and low intensity (standardized mean difference = 1.16, 95% confidence interval, CI [0.38, 1.94], p = .004). When RTD < 24 weeks and DD ≤ RTD, only the high-intensity groups maintained the RT benefits (DD, 4–6 weeks: standardized mean difference = 0.71, 95% CI [0.34, 1.08], p = .0002; DD 8–16 weeks: standardized mean difference = 1.35, 95% CI [0.66, 2.04], p = .0001). However, when DD > RTD, the RT benefits were not maintained even with high intensity. In summary, when RTD was less than 24 weeks, RTD > DD was an important factor in maintaining muscle strength.

scholarly journals Effects of Prolonged Whey Protein Supplementation and Resistance Training on Biomarkers of Vitamin B12 Status: A 1-Year Randomized Intervention in Healthy Older Adults (the CALM Study)

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2015
Author(s):  
Eva Greibe ◽  
Søren Reitelseder ◽  
Rasmus L. Bechshøft ◽  
Jacob Bülow ◽  
Grith W. Højfeldt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Methylmalonic Acid ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Study Population

We investigated the effect of long-term whey supplementation on biomarkers of B12 status in healthy older adults subjected to different schemes of supplements and exercise. The total study population examined at baseline consisted of 167 healthy older adults (age ≥ 65 year) who were randomized to 1-y intervention with two daily supplements of (1) whey protein (3.1 µg B12/day) (WHEY-ALL), (2) collagen (1.3 µg B12/day) (COLL), or (3) maltodextrin (0.3 µg B12/day) (CARB). WHEY-ALL was comprised of three groups, who performed heavy resistance training (HRTW), light resistance training (LITW), or no training (WHEY). Dietary intake was assessed through 3-d dietary records. For the longitudinal part of the study, we included only the participants (n = 110), who met the criteria of ≥ 50% compliance to the nutritional intervention and ≥ 66% and ≥ 75% compliance to the heavy and light training, respectively. Fasting blood samples collected at baseline and 12 months and non-fasting samples collected at 6 and 18 months were examined for methylmalonic acid, B12 and holotranscobalamin. At baseline, the study population (n = 167) had an overall adequate dietary B12 intake of median (range) 5.3 (0.7–65) µg/day and median B12 biomarker values within reference intervals. The whey intervention (WHEY-ALL) caused an increase in B12 (P < 0.0001) and holotranscobalamin (P < 0.0001). In addition, methylmalonic acid decreased in the LITW group (P = 0.04). No change in B12 biomarkers was observed during the intervention with collagen or carbohydrate, and the training schedules induced no changes. In conclusion, longer-term daily whey intake increased plasma B12 and holotranscobalamin in older individuals. No effect of intervention with collagen or carbohydrate or different training regimes was observed. Interestingly, the biomarkers of B12 status appeared to be affected by fasting vs. non-fasting conditions during sample collection.

Effects of Protein Supplementation in Older Adults Undergoing Resistance Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Finger ◽  
Fernanda Reistenbach Goltz ◽  
Daniel Umpierre ◽  
Elisabeth Meyer ◽  
Luis Henrique Telles Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Protein Supplementation

scholarly journals Resistance Training Improves Muscle Strength and Function, Regardless of Protein Supplementation, in the Mid- to Long-Term Period after Gastric Bypass

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Gabriela S. Oliveira ◽  
Flávio T. Vieira ◽  
Fernando Lamarca ◽  
Ricardo M. Lima ◽  
Kênia M. B. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Resistance Training Program

Inadequate protein intake and low levels of physical activity are common long-term sequelae after bariatric surgery and can negatively affect muscle strength (MS) and physical function (PF). The study investigated the effects of resistance training with or without protein supplementation on MS and PF. The study, which involved a 12-week controlled trial (n = 61) of individuals 2–7 years post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), comprised four groups: whey protein supplementation (PRO; n = 18), maltodextrin placebo (control [CON]; n = 17), resistance training combined with placebo (RTP; n = 11), and resistance training combined with whey protein supplementation (RTP+PRO; n = 15). An isokinetic dynamometer was used to measure MS (peak torque at 60°/s and 180°/s). PF was measured with the 30-s sit-to-stand (30-STS), 6-min walk (6-MWT), and timed up-and-go (TUG) tests. There were improvements in the absolute and relative-to-bodyweight peak torque at 60°/s and 180°/s, TUG, 6-MWT and 30-STS in the RTP and RTP+PRO groups, but not in the CON and PRO groups. Changes in MS were significantly correlated with changes in PF between the pre- and post-intervention periods. A supervised resistance training program, regardless of protein supplementation, improved MS and PF in the mid-to-long-term period after RYGB and can lead to clinical benefits and improved quality of life.

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