Assessing the infection risk of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in public drinking water delivered by surface water systems in Sao Paulo State, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 442 ◽  
pp. 389-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ines Z. Sato ◽  
Ana Tereza Galvani ◽  
Jose Antonio Padula ◽  
Adelaide Cassia Nardocci ◽  
Marcelo de Souza Lauretto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Public Drinking Water ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Public Drinking ◽  
Surface Water Systems

De facto reuse and disinfection by-products in drinking water systems in the Shenandoah River watershed

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1699-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Weisman ◽  
Larry B. Barber ◽  
Jennifer L. Rapp ◽  
Celso M. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
De Facto Reuse ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
By Products ◽  
Surface Water Systems ◽  
Drinking Water Systems

The relationship between de facto reuse in the Shenandoah River watershed and DBPs in conventional surface water systems in that watershed was examined.

New species of Chironomus Meigen (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironominae) from Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1504 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
LENY CÉLIA DA SILVA CORREIA ◽  
SUSANA TRIVINHO-STRIXINO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Male Pupa

Five new species of Chironomus Meigen, C. detriticola, C. antonioi, C. phytophilus, C. oliveirai, and C. fittkaui, are described and figured as male, pupa, and larva. The species live in different water systems in São Paulo State, Southeastern Brazil.

Land use influence on raw surface water quality and treatment costs for drinking supply in São Paulo State (Brazil)

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 516-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davi Gasparini Fernandes Cunha ◽  
Lyda Patricia Sabogal-Paz ◽  
Walter Kennedy Dodds
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Treatment Costs ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State

Occurrence and Potential Significance of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Detected in New Jersey Public Drinking Water Systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 4547-4554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria B. Post ◽  
Judith B. Louis ◽  
Keith R. Cooper ◽  
Betty Jane Boros-Russo ◽  
R. Lee Lippincott
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
Perfluorooctanoic Acid ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Potential Significance ◽  
Public Drinking Water ◽  
Public Drinking ◽  
Drinking Water Systems

Giardia and Cryptosporidium in source waters of Sao Paulo State, Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.M. Hachich ◽  
M.I.Z. Sato ◽  
A.T. Galvani ◽  
J.R.N. Menegon ◽  
J.L.N. Mucci
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State

Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum are two protozoan intestinal parasites responsible for many drinking-water-related disease outbreaks in recent years. They are very resistant to conventional water treatment processes, can persist for long times in the environment and are, therefore, of great concern for public health. This work aimed to evaluate the presence of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in water sources from São Paulo State, Brazil, as part of the “Evaluation of Inland Waters from Sao Paulo State” project from CETESB. Over a period of 19 months, 278 water samples from 28 sites located in 10 watersheds were analysed. The immunofluorescence assay was used after concentration of the samples by the calcium carbonate flocculation technique. Thermotolerant (faecal) coliforms, faecal streptococci and Clostridium perfringens were also determined in order to verify the existence of correlation between these bacterial indicators and the protozoa. Giardia and Cryptosporidium were detected in 27% and 2.5% of the samples, respectively, a lower figure compared with the results reported by other authors, especially for Cryptosporidium. A Spearman rank correlation test demonstrated a significant correlation between Giardia and faecal indicator concentrations. According to the American Regulation of Monitoring (ICR), treated water from 16 of these 28 collection sites should also be analysed to evaluate whether the treatment process could remove the parasites. Some technical deficiencies of these methods still limit the utilisation of the monitoring results for public health decisions, but the data here reported will help to improve the quality of drinking water in Sao Paulo State.

scholarly journals Review of perchlorate occurrence in large public drinking water systems in the United States of America

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 681-694
Author(s):  
Steven J. Luis ◽  
Elizabeth A. Miesner ◽  
Clarissa L. Enslin ◽  
Keith Heidecorn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Contaminant Monitoring ◽  
Public Drinking Water ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
Public Drinking

Abstract When deciding whether or not to regulate a chemical, regulatory bodies often evaluate the degree to which the public may be exposed by evaluating the chemical's occurrence in food and drinking water. As part of its decision-making process, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) evaluated the occurrence of perchlorate in public drinking water by sampling public water systems (PWSs) as part of the first implementation of the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR 1) between 2001 and 2005. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the current representativeness of the UCMR 1 dataset. To achieve this objective, publicly available sources were searched to obtain updated perchlorate data for the majority of large PWSs with perchlorate detections under UCMR 1. Comparison of the updated and UCMR 1 perchlorate datasets shows that the UCMR 1 dataset is no longer representative because the extent and degree of occurrence has decreased since implementation of UCMR 1. Given this finding, it seems appropriate for regulatory bodies engaged in decision-making processes over several years to periodically re-evaluate the conditions that prompted the regulatory effort, thereby ensuring that rules and regulations address actual conditions of concern.

A Hierarchical Modeling Approach for Estimating National Distributions of Chemicals in Public Drinking Water Systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1176-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song S. Qian ◽  
Andrew Schulman ◽  
Jonathan Koplos ◽  
Alison Kotros ◽  
Penny Kellar
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Hierarchical Modeling ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Public Drinking Water ◽  
Public Drinking ◽  
Drinking Water Systems

Natural radionuclides in drinking water supplies of São Paulo State, Brazil and consequent population doses

2001 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joselene de Oliveira ◽  
Barbara Paci Mazzilli ◽  
Maria Helena de Oliveira Sampa ◽  
Edmilson Bambalas
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State
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