Evaluation of index-overlay methods for groundwater vulnerability and risk assessment in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 575 ◽  
pp. 779-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangam Shrestha ◽  
Ranjana Kafle ◽  
Vishnu Prasad Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Index Overlay

scholarly journals Multi-Hazard Risk Assessment of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5369
Author(s):  
Rajesh Khatakho ◽  
Dipendra Gautam ◽  
Komal Raj Aryal ◽  
Vishnu Prasad Pandey ◽  
Rajesh Rupakhety ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Fire Hazards ◽  
Hazard Risk ◽  
Urban Fire ◽  
Hazard Risk Assessment

Natural hazards are complex phenomena that can occur independently, simultaneously, or in a series as cascading events. For any particular region, numerous single hazard maps may not necessarily provide all information regarding impending hazards to the stakeholders for preparedness and planning. A multi-hazard map furnishes composite illustration of the natural hazards of varying magnitude, frequency, and spatial distribution. Thus, multi-hazard risk assessment is performed to depict the holistic natural hazards scenario of any particular region. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, multi-hazard risk assessments are rarely conducted in Nepal although multiple natural hazards strike the country almost every year. In this study, floods, landslides, earthquakes, and urban fire hazards are used to assess multi-hazard risk in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which is then integrated with the Geographical Information System (GIS). First, flood, landslide, earthquake, and urban fire hazard assessments are performed individually and then superimposed to obtain multi-hazard risk. Multi-hazard risk assessment of Kathmandu Valley is performed by pair-wise comparison of the four natural hazards. The sum of observations concludes that densely populated areas, old settlements, and the central valley have high to very high level of multi-hazard risk.

scholarly journals Assessment of groundwater vulnerability to nitrate pollution caused by agricultural practices

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabnam Goudarzi ◽  
Seyed Ali Jozi ◽  
Seyed Masoud Monavari ◽  
Abdoreza Karbasi ◽  
Amir Hesam Hasani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Assessment ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Aquifer Vulnerability ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Monitoring Wells ◽  
Novel Approach

Environmental risk assessment is a step towards identification, analysis, and classification of risk factors and thus reduction of the possibility of adverse consequences. In this research, a novel approach for environmental risk assessment on groundwater pollution is applied. By combination of aquifer vulnerability DRASTIC map, pollution severity and prioritizing of the plain regions by the TOPSIS method, more sensitive regions of Qazvin aquifer in Iran are identified. In the first step, seven hydro-geological characteristics of the aquifer are overlaid to produce the potential vulnerability map. Nitrate is used as the pollution parameter and its value in monitoring wells is measured by sampling. Spatial distribution of nitrate concentration is investigated using the ordinary kriging method. The TOPSIS ranking method is also applied to estimate the probability of occurrence of pollution based on five affecting criteria defined and quantified in regions of the aquifer. By production of these three layers, the risk map of the aquifer is generated. Results indicate that 9% of the area of the aquifer is categorized in the high risk level which needs an emergency recovery action plan. Also, sensitivity analysis on the parameters of the aquifer vulnerability shows the effect of the soil media more than other parameters.

scholarly journals Groundwater Vulnerability and Risk Assessment in A Karst Aquifer of Greece Using EPIK Method

Environments ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Vogelbacher ◽  
Nerantzis Kazakis ◽  
Konstantinos Voudouris ◽  
Steffen Bold
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Tracer Tests ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Literature Overview ◽  
Very High ◽  
Of Greece

The aim of this study was the assessment of groundwater vulnerability and pollution risk of the Perivleptos karst aquifer in the northwestern part of Greece. Hence, the EPIK method has been applied within the study area. Additionally, a detailed literature overview has been obtained, including the worldwide application of the EPIK method. The hazard map has been developed for the implementation of risk assessment. The resulting vulnerability map was divided into four classes and showed especially high to very high vulnerability. The subsequent hazard assessment has shown mostly low to moderate endangerment for the northern part of the study area, which is mainly covered by forest, while the areas covered by urban and industrial, as well as agricultural land, use primarily show high to very high endangerment. Concluding in the risk map, the study area consists of 13% of very high, 48% of high, 36% of moderate and 4% of low risk of contamination. According to the literature overview, the EPIK method was mostly used in combination with other vulnerability assessment methods, and results have been validated through tracer tests, sensitivity analysis or comparing to other methods. In this study, an additional single parameter sensitivity analysis was obtained for validation of the EPIK parameters.

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