Cine Tunecino contemporáneo y participación de las mujeres en la revolución árabe

La revolución de los jazmines, como se denominó a la revolución árabe en Túnez, se ha llevado a la pantalla desde muy diferentes puntos de vista en los últimos diez años, y ninguna revuelta social anterior ha sido tan mediática tanto dentro como fuera de sus fronteras. Los cineastas de distintas generaciones han recogido el sentimiento de la población tunecina antes, durante y tras los altercados del 17 de diciembre de 2010, en el que el joven Mohamed Bouazizi, vendedor ambulante en la pequeña localidad de Sidi Bouzid, se inmoló tras confiscarle la policía su puesto de frutas, y su muerte desató la revuelta popular en todo el país, y posteriormente en muchos países árabes. Nuestra hipótesis de partida es que el mayor nivel educativo de las mujeres tunecinas, con respecto a otros países de su entorno, el trabajo que desde hace más de cinco décadas han realizado los distintos movimientos de mujeres y asociaciones feministas en Túnez, y el camino emprendido por las directoras pioneras desde los años setenta hasta la actualidad, han sido claves para la contribución activa y comprometida de los directores, pero sobre todo de las directoras de cine, durante este proceso histórico. Directoras y directores que han puesto en el centro de sus obras cinematográficas la participación femenina en la política, en tanto que votantes pero sobre todo como candidatas, que han documentado la implicación de las mujeres en la sociedad civil, y no han dudado en filmar a las impulsoras socias y militantes de los distintos movimientos de mujeres para que ellas, en primera persona, narraran los avances, las dificultades, y los retos de la sociedad tunecina contemporánea.

Environmental and Economic Optimization and Sizing of a Micro-Grid with Battery Storage for an Industrial Application

This study focuses on the sizing and optimization of a micro-grid with storage, which is destined to supply the load of an economic activity zone (EAZ) in Sidi Bouzid, Tunisia. To solve this problem, a genetic algorithm is established and programmed into MATLAB. The objective functions are considered by providing three minimums, namely Greenhouse Gas emissions (GHG), Life Cycle Cost (LCC) and Embodied Energy (EE), for three values of loss of power supply probability (LPSP) previously fixed. The sizing and optimization results are found and evaluated using a time series exchange of energy during a year to determine the optimal component size of a photovoltaic/wind/battery system (PV/WT/Bat). The simulation results show that the lowest ratio of LPSP values corresponds to the higher GHG, EE, LCC, photovoltaic panels area (APV), battery storage capacity (Cn), wind turbines area (AWT) and vice versa. This means that demanding higher energy reliability leads to higher energy cost and pollution. A comparative analysis was made, showing the cons and pros of each LPSP value in order to allow the owner of the plant to choose the most suitable PV/WT/Bat configuration.

Characterization of virgin olive oils obtained from minor Tunisian varieties for their valorization

Several compositional parameters (fatty acids, tocopherols, polar phenols and volatiles) in virgin olive oils from varieties located at the center of Tunisia, namely Baldi, Chemchali, Neb Jmel, Tounsi and Besbessi from Gafsa and Chemchali and Sehli cultivated in Sidi Bouzid, were studied. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study focusing on the chemical composition of virgin olive oils (VOO) from Sidi Bouzid. Significant differences were found between varieties from Sidi Bouzid and Gafsa in monounsaturated saturated fatty acid levels, some volatile compounds and γ-tocopherol amounts. Notably, Tounsi and Baldi VOOs showed the highest six carbon atoms alcohol contents, whereas Neb Jmel VOO revealed the highest aldehyde six carbon atoms content. Fatty acid composition, as well as tocopherol content, showed differences among different VOO. Principal component analysis and hierarchical component analysis on polar phenols, fatty acids, tocopherols and volatiles data evidenced a good discrimination among oils from the different investigated varieties.

Discrimination of Tunisian Honey by Mineral and Trace Element Chemometrics Profiling

The concentrations of 19 chemical elements have been determined in 36 honey samples of different botanical (wildflower, eucalyptus, eucalyptus red flowers, prickly pears, lemon blossom, thyme, almond, rosemary and jujube) honeys from the three geographical areas of Tunisia (Sidi Bouzid, Nabeul and Sfax) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The aim of this work was to use the multielement analysis together with chemometric tools to verify the botanical and the geographical origin of honeys. The correlation on the basis of mineral element content between the honey samples and their botanical and/or geographical origins was in some measure achieved. The data collected on the samples were also used to evaluate the nutritional quality and the potential health risks associated with elements via consumption of the Tunisian honey. According to the results obtained, the intake of essential elements was small, and the potential health risks associated with toxic or potentially toxic elements via consumption of this food were overall insignificant.

Application of Tourist Function Indicators in Tourism Development. Case Study of Tunisia

<p>W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki oceny stopnia rozwoju funkcji turystycznej w gubernatorstwach Tunezji. Ocenę przeprowadzono metodą wskaźnikową z wykorzystaniem dwóch grup indykatorów funkcji: intensywności ruchu turystycznego i zagospodarowania turystycznego. Funkcję turystyczną przeanalizowano także w kontekście wskaźnika średniej długości pobytu turystów. Uzyskane rezultaty wskazują, że stopień rozwoju funkcji turystycznej w gubernatorstwach jest zróżnicowany: od wysoko rozwiniętej w gubernatorstwach nadmorskich (Sousse, Nabeul, Monastir), po początkowe stadium w gubernatorstwach górskich (Sidi Bouzid, Siliana, Zaghouan). Pod względem średniej długości pobytów – wbrew ogólnym skojarzeniom – Tunezja okazuje się destynacją krótkoterminową. W 13 spośród 24 gubernatorstw przeważają tzw. pobyty weekendowe. Pobyty średnioterminowe charakterystyczne są w północnej części kraju (w gubernatorstwach Nabeul, Bizerte, Manouba), a długoterminowe – tylko na wschodnim wybrzeżu (Ben Arous, Susa, Monastir, Mahdia, Medenine).</p>

ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF SEVEN BROWN ALGAE HARVESTED FROM THE COAST OF SIDI BOUZID (EL JADIDA-MOROCCO)

Objective: This work aims at the screening of the antimicrobial activity of the seven brown marine algae of theCoast of Sidi Bouzid (El Jadida-Morocco). Methods: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of seven brown marine algae against three Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes). Three Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia) and two fungi (Aspergillus Niger and Candida tropicalis). Thus, 35 algal extracts were prepared with five organic solvents methanol/water, methanol, dichloromethane/methanol, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate. The antibacterial activity was evaluated through the disk diffusion method. Results: Data revealed that the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was the most sensitive pathogen by showing the highest zone of inhibitions of 20 mm with the lowest Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 2 μgmL⁻¹ methanol/water extract of Cystoseira tamariscifolia. Whereas, antifungal activity, the highest zone of inhibitions of 21 mm and 22 mm with the lowest Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 5 μgmL-¹ was respectively shown in the methanol/water extract of Laminaria ochroleuca against Candida tropicalis and in the dichloromethanolic extract of Sargassum vulgare against Aspergillus niger. Conclusion: The results indicate that these algal extracts can further be analyzed and purified for relevant antibacterial and antifungal compounds which can be used in therapeutics and other applications.

Identification of Suitable Sites for Groundwater Recharge Using the Boolean Model: Case Study: Sidi Bouzid Acquifers

The scarcity of water can have harmful effects on human life. In addition, one noticeable issue humanity is faced with is managing water resources. This study aims at selecting the most suitable areas for groundwater artificial recharge using multi-criteria analysis. The fundamental element of this multi-criteria analysis is the choice of criteria that are the most sensitive part of the multi-criteria formulation of a decision problem. Such Criteria included: Slope, Soil Permeability, Soil Salinity, Depth of the Water table, Proximity to road networks, Proximity to the forest, proximity to wetlands, proximity to irrigation areas, proximity to urban areas, proximity to hydrographic networks, proximity to piezometer and borehole. Using Boolean Model, and in the GIS environment, the layers were produced and classified. The results suggested that the area’s most suitable are equal to 12.1%. Also, use of the land had an impact on the removal of restrictions of artificial recharge areas. It could be claimed that 5.5% of the studied area were considered suitable for artificial recharge in Boolean logic using land-use filtering.