The relationship between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and fasting plasma glucose levels in Chinese children and adolescents aged 6–17 years: A national cross-sectional study

ObjectivesAbout 11%–30% of individuals with impaired fasting plasma glucose (IFG) have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), diagnosed by the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (75 g OGTT). This study investigated (1) the prevalence and cut-off levels for fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in IFG individuals that most effectively predict the presence of T2DM diagnosed by a 75 g OGTT; (2) the predictors associated with T2DM; and (3) the pathophysiological characteristics of patients with IFG.Materials and methodsA single-centre, cross-sectional study was conducted in a primary care setting. A standard 75 g OGTT was performed on 123 subjects with IFG. Their beta-cell function and insulin resistance were calculated through plasma glucose and insulin levels monitored during the 75 g OGTT.ResultsIn the IFG subjects, the prevalence of T2DM using the 2-hour postload plasma glucose (2hPG) criterion was 28.5%. Pre-diabetes and normal glucose metabolism were found in 48.7% and 22.8%, respectively, by 75 g OGTT. An HbA1c level ≥6.0% or FPG ≥5.9 mmol/L were the optimal cut-off thresholds for the prediction of the presence of T2DM. HbA1c had a sensitivity of 76.7% and specificity of 55.7% (95% CI 57.7% to 90.1% and 95% CI 43.3% to 67.6%, respectively), while FPG had a sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 23.9% (95% CI 69.7% to 95.2% and 95% CI 15.4% to 34.1%, respectively). The presence of metabolic syndrome, a higher HbA1c and higher FPG levels were associated with the risk of T2DM in the Thai IFG population.ConclusionsAlmost one-third of the people with IFG had T2DM diagnosed by the 2hPG criterion. HbA1c was more effective than FPG in predicting the presence of T2DM in the IFG subjects. IFG individuals with HbA1c≥6.0% or FPG≥5.9 mmol/L should be advised to undergo a 75 g OGTT to detect T2DM earlier than otherwise.

Download Full-text

Association Between Hemoglobin and Growth Hormone Peak in Chinese Children and Adolescents with Short Stature: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of General Medicine ◽

10.2147/ijgm.s292920 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol Volume 14 ◽

pp. 497-504

Author(s):

Tian Zhang ◽

Bo Ban ◽

Mei Zhang ◽

Baolan Ji ◽

Hailing Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Short Stature ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chinese Children ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Growth Hormone Peak ◽

Chinese Children And Adolescents

Download Full-text

Does underweight amplify the relationship between short-term particulate matter exposure and blood pressure in children and adolescents: a large cross-sectional study in a metropolis of China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-020-10215-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (34) ◽

pp. 42449-42459

Author(s):

Jia Hu ◽

Han Fu ◽

Hui Shen ◽

Chen-gang Teng ◽

Wei Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Short Term ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Particulate Matter Exposure ◽

The Relationship

Download Full-text

Association of asthma with osteopenia, osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and fractures

Allergy and Asthma Proceedings ◽

10.2500/aap.2020.41.190035 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 112-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mohammed S. Shaheen ◽

Jonathan I. Silverberg

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

The United States ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pathologic Fractures ◽

Ed Visits ◽

National Emergency ◽

The Relationship

Background: Previous studies that examined the relationship between asthma, osteoporosis, and pathologic fractures found conflicting results. Objective: To determine whether asthma is associated with osteopenia, osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and fractures in U.S. adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 198,102,435 children and adults, including 10,129,307 with asthma, from the 2006‐2012 National Emergency Department Sample, which includes a representative 20% sample of emergency department (ED) visits throughout the United States. Results: ED visits of patients with versus without asthma were associated with higher odds of osteopenia (7 of 7 years: multivariable logistic regression of all years pooled; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.45 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.41‐1.50]), osteoporosis (7 of 7 years: aOR 1.85 [95% CI, 1.82‐1.88]), osteomalacia (7 of 7 years: aOR 2.00 [95% CI, 1.61‐2.49]), and pathologic fractures (7 of 7 years: OR 1.24 [95% CI, 1.20‐1.27]). Patients with asthma and with long-term glucocorticoid use had higher odds of osteoporosis, osteopenia, osteomalacia, and fractures compared with patients with asthma and without long-term glucocorticoid use. Patients with asthma and with fractures incurred significantly more inpatient admissions, and higher costs of ED and inpatient care. Conclusion: ED visits with asthma were associated with osteopenia, osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and pathologic fractures.

Download Full-text