Methane production from acetate, formate and H2/CO2 under high ammonia level: Modified ADM1 simulation and microbial characterization

The effect of ammonia loading and operating temperature on the treatment of high ammonia, methanogenic, landfill leachate was investigated. Two single-sludge, nitrification–predenitrification systems were operated in parallel: one with a 10-day aerobic solids retention time, and the other with a 20-day aerobic solids retention time. The study consisted of two phases: an ammonia loading phase and a cold temperature phase. From the first phase, it was found that, at an influent leachate ammonia level of up to 1500 mg N/L, both systems produced an effluent of < 1 mg NH4-N/L and approximately 170 mg NOx−-N/L. Aerobic nitrite and anoxic "free" ammonia were both observed to increase as the ammonia loading was increased. When the influent ammonia was raised from 1500 to 2000 mg N/L, nitrification in both systems failed. During the second phase, the temperature was decreased from 20 to 10 °C while maintaining the leachate ammonia level at 1500 mg N/L. Aerobic nitrite accumulation and rising aerobic BOD5 were observed to begin at 14 °C. When the temperature was dropped from 12 to 10 °C, nitrification failed in both systems. In both cases, nitrification was re-established at 10 °C, by ceasing to waste solids and by stopping methanol addition. Key words: ammonia, biological, denitrification, landfill, leachate, nitrification, temperature, treatment.

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Metagenome Sequences of a Thermophilic Anaerobic Digester Adapted to a Low C/N Ratio, High-Ammonia Feedstock (Poultry Litter)

Genome Announcements ◽

10.1128/genomea.00598-18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (25) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

David H. Huber ◽

Jesus E. Chavarria-Palma ◽

Sridhar A. Malkaram ◽

Natalia A. Montenegro-Garcia ◽

Vadesse Lhilhi Noundou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Poultry Litter ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Ammonia Level ◽

Anaerobic Digester ◽

Content Type ◽

High Ammonia ◽

Stable Performance

We sequenced the metagenome of a pilot-scale thermophilic digester with long-term, stable performance on poultry litter feedstock which has a very low C/N ratio, a high ammonia level, and high lignocellulose content. Firmicutes were the dominant phylum (68.9%).

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Methane production from formate, acetate and H2/CO2; focusing on kinetics and microbial characterization

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.032 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 218 ◽

pp. 796-806 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Xiaofang Pan ◽

Irini Angelidaki ◽

Merlin Alvarado-Morales ◽

Houguang Liu ◽

Yuhong Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methane Production ◽

Microbial Characterization

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Valproic Acid Induced Hyperammonemia in a Long Time Treated Patient

Case Reports in Psychiatry ◽

10.1155/2016/6242314 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rohit Aiyer ◽

Margaret Seide ◽

Robert G. Stern

Keyword(s):

Valproic Acid ◽

Affective Disorder ◽

Treated Patient ◽

Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽

Dual Therapy ◽

Ammonia Level ◽

High Ammonia ◽

Long Time ◽

Very High

We report a case of a patient who had been on long time valproic acid for treatment of bipolar affective disorder. While being an inpatient, serology ammonia level testing revealed a very high ammonia level despite being asymptomatic. Dual therapy of carnitine and lactulose was provided to the patient for treatment of the hyperammonemia. It should also be noted that, during this treatment, valproic acid was not stopped. Consequently, this case illustrates that patients can present asymptomatically despite very high ammonia levels and hyperammonemia can occur in chronic valproic acid despite not increasing the dose of the medication and psychiatrists do not need to discontinue valproic acid in the presence of elevated levels of ammonia if the patient shows no signs of encephalopathy or delirium.

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Rumen fermentation pattern, postruminal protein flow and wool growth rate of sheep on a high-barley diet

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9850451 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 451 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

PI Hynd ◽

WG Allden

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Ammonia Level ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Barley Grain ◽

Wool Growth ◽

High Ammonia ◽

Fermentation Pattern ◽

Pelleted Diet ◽

Growth Differences ◽

Urinary Nitrogen

Variations in the wool growth rate of sheep fed diets containing cereal grains were investigated. In experiment 1, eight sheep consuming similar quantities of a pelleted diet of barley grain and lucerne chaff (60:40 by weight) were selected for high (n = 4) or low (n = 4) wool growth rate. These wool growth differences were eliminated by feeding a high-protein, predominantly roughage diet. Subsequent reintroduction of the high-grain diet regenerated wide between-sheep variance, but there was little evidence of repeatability of performance on this ration. These variations in wool growth were examined in experiment 2 in terms of rumen fermentation pattern and postruminal protein flow. Ten sheep with simple cannulae in the rumen and abomasum were given a pelleted lucerne chaff diet for 14 weeks and the high-grain diet of experiment 1 for a further 16 weeks. The variance of all measured characters was low on the lucerne diet, but the high-barley diet generated wide variance in rumen fermentation pattern, protein flow from the rumen and wool growth rate. Fermentations characterized by high ammonia level, high minimum fluid pH and high butyrate molar proportion were associated with high urinary nitrogen output, high diet digestibility and low postruminal protein flow. Wool growth rate was closely related to protein flow on the high-grain diet alone (r2 = 0.77, P < 0.01) and for the high-grain and lucerne diets considered together (r2= 0.86, P < 0.001).

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Penyisihan Kadar Amoniak dalam Limbah Cair Industri Pupuk Menggunakan Sequencing Batch Reactor

FLUIDA ◽

10.35313/fluida.v13i2.2264 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 65-72

Author(s):

Robby Sudarman ◽

Herawati Budiastuti ◽

Nancy Siti Djenar ◽

Efniarsi S. Panggalo ◽

Ajie Nurhasyim

Keyword(s):

Retention Time ◽

Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽

Hydraulic Retention Time ◽

Batch Reactor ◽

Liquid Waste ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Ammonia Level ◽

Fertilizer Industry ◽

High Ammonia ◽

Better Than

ABSTRAK Sifat toksik nitrogen amoniak dalam limbah cair berbahaya bagi kehidupan sehingga perlu untuk dihilangkan. Pada penelitian ini penyisihan kadar amoniak yang tinggi dalam limbah cair industri pupuk dilakukan melalui proses nitrifikasi dan denitrifikasi menggunakan Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR). Dua reaktor SBR digunakan dimana pada reaktor pertama (R1) dilakukan pengadukan dan pada reaktor kedua (R2) dilakukan aerasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pembebanan 0,787 mg amoniak/L/hari dan Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) 20 hari, efisiensi penyisihan kadar amoniak mampu dicapai pada kisaran 71,26%-90,91% (R1) dan 62,32% -92,21% (R2). Pengukuran pH pada HRT 20 hari berada pada rentang 8,25-8,65 pada R1 dan pH 8,34-8,73 pada R2. Pada HRT 15 hari, efisiensi penyisihan kadar amoniak efluen pada R1 menurun yaitu dari 90,89 % menjadi 86,81% dan pada R2 menurun dari 90,59% menjadi 40,99 %. Pada HRT 15 hari, efisiensi penyisihan kadar amoniak pada R1 lebih baik dibandingkan pada R2 yang disebabkan adanya penambahan aerasi pada R1 di akhir penelitian. Kata kunci: amoniak, limbah cair, industri pupuk, sequencing batch reactor ABSTRACT The toxic nature of ammonia nitrogen in liquid waste is dangerous for life, so it needs to be eliminated. In this study, the removal of high ammonia levels in the fertilizer industry wastewater was carried out through a process of nitrification and denitrification using the Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR). Two SBR reactors were used where the first reactor (R1) was stirred and the second reactor (R2) was aerated. The results showed that at a load of 0.787 mg of ammonia/L/day and 20 days of Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT), the efficiencies of removal of ammonia levels were achieved in the range of 71.26%-90.91% (R1) and 62.32%- 92.21% (R2). The pH measurements at 20 days of HRT were in the range of 8.25-8.65 at R1 and pH 8.34-8.73 at R2. At 15 days of HRT, the effluent ammonia level removal efficiency at R1 decreased from 90.89% to 86.81% and at R2 decreased from 90.59% to 40.99%. At 15 days of HRT, the efficiency of ammonia level removal at R1 was better than that in R2 due to the addition of aeration to R1 at the end of the study. Keywords: ammonia, liquid waste, fertilizer industry, sequencing batch reactor

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In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Methane Production of PUFA-Containing Rations as Treated by Flavonoid and Essential Oil from Piper betle L.

10.20944/preprints201904.0156.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Rayudika Aprilia Patindra Purba ◽

Pramote Paengkoum ◽

Chalermpon Yuangklang

Keyword(s):

Sunflower Oil ◽

Methane Production ◽

Ammonia Level ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Gas Production ◽

Piper Betle ◽

Ruminal Fermentation ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Secondary Function

This study had the objective to evaluate the effect of Piper betle L. powder (PP) at 5 different doses in substrate incubated by sunflower oil as secondary function of PUFA using in vitro gas production technique. The treatments of this study were run as a 2X5 factorial arrangement in a completely randomised design using the PROC GLM procedure of SAS 9.4: (1) control (S1) without supplementation of PP; (2) 15 mg PP (S2); (3) 30 mg PP (S3); (4) 45 mg PP (S4); and (5) 60 mg PP (S5), while sunflower oil was supplemented in all treatments: low 15 mg/incubation and high 30 mg/incubation. A 500 mg of TMR (hay: concentrate, 50:50) was assigned to basal substrate. The PP containing 1.84 mg/g DM quercetin and 1.00 mg/g DM eugenol altered rumen fermentation without change pH (p < 0.001) and methane production was lesser (p < 0.001) about -30% and -25% for DM and OM measurement, respectively. Gas kinetic, degradability, and ammonia level was significantly affected by supplementing PP (p < 0.01). Overall, this study suggested quercetin and eugenol deriving from PP acted three major accelerations: assembled carbon dioxide, behaved antimicrobial role and performed the balance water molecules in the rumen kinetic. This study suggests that PP promotes changing in vitro rumen fermentation and diminishing methane production within recommended doses, 0.1-15 mg/incubation in DM.

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