Improving the quality of stabilization pond effluents using hybrid constructed wetlands

2021 ◽  
pp. 149615
Author(s):  
Tayebeh Omidinia-Anarkoli ◽  
Mohammad Shayannejad
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Stabilization Pond

scholarly journals Reuse of Treated Municipal Wastewater from Constructed Wetlands for Cut Flowers Irrigation in Aeroponic Cultivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismael Leonardo Vera-Puerto ◽  
Jorge Leonardo Olave-Vera ◽  
Sussy Tapia ◽  
Wladimir Antonio Chávez ◽  
Carlos Arias
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Treated Municipal Wastewater

The aim of this work is to evaluate the reuse of municipal wastewaters treated through subsurface constructed wetlands (SS-CWs) as irrigation water in cut flower aeroponic cultivation under arid conditions. For this purpose, two experimental aeroponic cultivation systems were installed with the cut flower Lilium ‘Tresor’ planted and irrigated with SS-CWs treated water. The results showed that the quality of the SS-CWs wastewater has to be improved to be used in irrigation. Despite that, Lilium ‘Tresor’ grew under arid conditions with normal stem diameters and number of flowers but with heights under 0.65 m, which would restrict their commercialization to local markets. Water electrical conductivity (> 2300 µs/cm) and luminosity (> 120 klux) were factors that affected plant height. When compared to other cultivation systems, the aeroponic cultivation system used between 10 % and 20 % of the amount of water needed to produce Lilium ‘Tresor.’ Thus, this work showed the feasibility to produce cut flowers using an aeroponic cultivation system under arid conditions and irrigated with SS-CWs effluents. Likewise, it was detected that improvements to water quality and luminosity must be made for industrial scaling.

scholarly journals Principles of constructed wetlands designing

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-263
Author(s):  
Kseniia Y. Rybka ◽  
Nataliia M. Shchegolkova
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Agricultural Wastewater ◽  
Universal Principles ◽  
The World ◽  
Individual Type

Constructed wetlands (CW) - shallow surfaces or subsurface water bodies, planted with higher aquatic plants and designed to treat wastewater - have been actively used in world practice for the last decades. There are no universal principles for designing such systems, so for each combination of landscape (in which a CW is located) and the quality of wastewater, an individual type of CW is selected. The article provides an overview of the principles adopted in the world for calculating the main technological parameters of CWs (choice of the type of CW, calculation of the area of CW, the residence time of the water in the system, the choice of filtering medium, etc.) developed on the basis of numerous functioning objects. The recommendations given in the article are applicable for small and mediumsized CWs intended for the treatment of domestic, storm and agricultural wastewater.

The Effect of Baffle Installation on the Performance of a Single-Cell Stabilization Pond

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pedahzur ◽  
A. M. Nasser ◽  
I. Dor ◽  
B. Fattal ◽  
H. I. Shuval
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Thermal Stratification ◽  
Optical Observations ◽  
Tracer Study ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Long Tail ◽  
Stabilization Pond ◽  
Indicator Microorganism ◽  
Influent Flow

The effect of baffles on the performance of an ineffective, single-celled stabilization pond with theoretical retention time of 5-10 days, was investigated. The efficiency of the pond was evaluated by comparing the microbiological and chemical quality of pond's influent and effluent, as well as by hydraulic tests. Removal of indicator microorganism (1 log) and BOD5 (55%) remained unchanged, regardless of the number of baffles. Tracer study findings were characterized by the appearance of a peak of tracer within 15-20 hours after injection of the tracer, followed by a long “tail” of lower concentration. These findings, along with optical observations, indicated that the baffles succeeded in channeling influent flow to the planned routes (resulting in increased traveling distance of the wastewater). However, the actual retention time of the influent, particularly a small but important fraction of it, remained short regardless of baffle installation. The lack of mixing caused by thermal stratification of the water column resulted in rapid bottom flow in the cool hypolimnion. These findings may explain, in part, the lack of success in improving treatment efficiency.

Purification by a natural waste stabilization pond: influence of weather and ageing on treatment quality and sediment thickness

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Schetrite ◽  
Y. Racault
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Quality ◽  
Sediment Thickness ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Stabilization Pond ◽  
Waste Stabilization Pond ◽  
The North ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Waste Stabilization

The natural waste stabilization pond of Vauciennes, located in the north of France, underwent regular monitoring from October 1981 to July 1991, within the framework of a programme studying the evolution of operation parameters related to the ageing of plants. This study enabled us to assess the variations in the quality of the discharge depending on the season, in particular concerning the nitrogen and phosphorus parameters. The input/output reports made it possible to make specifications concerning the variations of the loads to be treated and the overloads caused by rainy episodes, and the real performances of the plants in relation to rainfall, evaporation, hydraulic exchanges with the soil and interannual seasonal variations. The evolution of the treatment, characterised by the parameters of the treated effluent, was observed, on the basis of equivalent climate conditions. Lastly, the growth of the deposits and their location in the first pond observed based on the systematic establishment of a cartography of the bottom of the pond.

Constructed wetlands for the treatment of raw wastewater: the French experience

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Troesch ◽  
F. Salma ◽  
D. Esser
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Small Communities ◽  
Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands ◽  
French Experience ◽  
Raw Wastewater

Vertical flow constructed wetlands for small communities (<5,000 population equivalent) have been successfully developed in France since the 1990s (currently about 3'000 plants are in operation). This paper summarizes the results and efficiencies of 70 plants designed and built by Epur Nature or SINT. The results show clearly that the design performs well for organic matter removal and nitrification and makes sludge management easy. Therefore if well designed, such systems can achieve an outlet quality of BOD5 < 20 mg/L, chemical oxygen demand <90 mg/L, suspended solids <30 mg/L and TKN < 15 mg/L. In addition, some new configurations involving a French vertical first stage fed with raw sewage, patented by Epur Nature, are presented as an aid to reduce the global footprint.

The bacterial quality of salad crops drip and furrow irrigated with waste stabilization pond effluent: an evaluation of the who guidelines

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 425-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. X. Bastos ◽  
D. D. Mara
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
World Health ◽  
Stabilization Pond ◽  
Waste Stabilization Pond ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Health Organization

Field- and glasshouse-grown lettuces and radishes were drip- and furrow-irrigated with waste stabilization pond effluent and with trickling filter effluent diluted with clean water. Crop contamination levels varied considerably. Under dry weather conditions they were at worst of the orders of 103 and 104E. coli per 100 g (fresh weight) for radishes and lettuces, respectively; salmonellae were always absent. The bacterial quality of experimental lettuces was similar to those of lettuces on sale in local markets. When rainfall occurred E. coli numbers increased and salmonellae were isolated from lettuce surfaces. These results are interpreted as partially, substantiating the current World Health Organization bacteriological guideline for unrestricted wastewater reuse, but suggest the need for further assessment on the variation in crop contamination caused by climatic conditions.

Removal of fecal coliforms, somatic coliphages and F-specific bacteriophages in a stabilization pond and reservoir system in arid regions

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Alcalde ◽  
G. Oron ◽  
L. Gillerman ◽  
M. Salgot ◽  
Y. Manor
Keyword(s):  
Treatment System ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Somatic Coliphages ◽  
Stabilization Pond ◽  
Reservoir System ◽  
Viral Indicators ◽  
One Year ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The City

The contents of FC, somatic coliphages and F-specific bacteriophages were measured in the stabilization pond and stabilization reservoir system of the City of Arad (Israel) in order to determine the efficiency of the treatment process regarding the microorganisms removal. Monitoring was conducted close to one year. Physical and chemical parameters (temperature, pH, BOD5, COD, SS) were also analyzed with the aim of finding factors that affect the microorganisms removal. The field results prove a very good performance of this treatment system. FC, somatic coliphages and F-specific bacteriophages were removed between 4.16 and 5.76 log units, during winter and in between 6.02 and 6.47 log units during summer. The microbial quality of the final effluent complies with the WHO guidelines for unrestricted irrigation. The results also indicate that retention time and temperature seem to be the most important factors for microorganisms removal. F-specific bacteriophages were removed at higher rates than FC and somatic coliphages. Consequently, it is suggested that F-specific bacteriophages might be less adequate viral indicators for this treatment system.

Water quality and occurrences of protozoa and metazoa in two constructed wetlands treating different wastewaters in Thailand

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thongchai Panswad ◽  
Orathai Chavalparit
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Industrial Estate ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Chemical Water

Two constructed wetlands were evaluated regarding their performance in treating different wastewaters under the tropical conditions of Thailand. The first one was for treating the domestic sewage from a governmental institute, whereas the latter was used to improve the quality of the effluent from a central aerated lagoon, for which the influent had been already pretreated by about 100 factories in an industrial estate. The hydraulic loading rate and the hydraulic retention time were 0.015 m3/m2.d and 28 days and 0.3 m3/m2.d and 3 days for the two wetland systems, respectively. The physical and chemical water quality and the occurrences of protozoa and metazoa were monitored for three seasons, each of which had samples taken twice a week for two months. The temperature was quite constant throughout the whole year, ie., 26 to 31°C and 25 to 34°C for the two wetlands, respectively. The water quality of the wetland effluents was rather good; the BOD and TKN were only 4.5 and 3.3 mg/l and 2.7 and 6.8 mg/l for the two cases. A relationship between the filtered BOD and the zoological characteristics was established. As a result, a simple glance at the occurrence of certain metazoa and protozoa can rapidly but approximately predict the water quality of the system.

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