scholarly journals Extracellular single-unit recordings from peripheral nerve axons in vitro by a novel multichannel microelectrode array

2020 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 128111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiantian Guo ◽  
Longtu Chen ◽  
Khanh Tran ◽  
Pejman Ghelich ◽  
Yi-Syuan Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Microelectrode Array ◽  
Single Unit Recordings

Single-unit recordings of arterial chemoreceptors from mouse petrosal ganglia in vitro

2000 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 1489-1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F. Donnelly ◽  
Ricardo Rigual
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Carotid Body ◽  
Unit Activity ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Gene Deletions ◽  
Suction Electrode ◽  
Single Unit Recordings ◽  
Unit Action

A preparation was developed that allows for the recording of single-unit chemoreceptor activity from mouse carotid body in vitro. An anesthetized mouse was decapitated, and each carotid body was harvested, along with the sinus nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve, and petrosal ganglia. After exposure to collagenase/trypsin, the cleaned complex was transferred to a recording chamber where it was superfused with oxygenated saline. The ganglia was searched for evoked or spontaneous unit activity by using a glass suction electrode. Single-unit action potentials were 57 ± 10 (SE) ( n = 16) standard deviations above the recording noise, and spontaneous spikes were generated as a random process. Decreasing superfusate[Formula: see text] to near 20 Torr caused an increase in spiking activity from 1.3 ± 0.4 to 14.1 ± 1.9 Hz ( n = 16). The use of mice for chemoreceptor studies may be advantageous because targeted gene deletions are well developed in the mouse model and may be useful in addressing unresolved questions regarding the mechanism of chemotransduction.

Galvanic Redox Potentiometry Based Microelectrode Array for Synchronous Ascorbate and Single-Unit Recordings in Rat Brain

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (14) ◽  
pp. 10177-10182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Wei ◽  
Lijuan Li ◽  
Jing Jin ◽  
Fei Wu ◽  
Ping Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Microelectrode Array ◽  
Redox Potentiometry ◽  
Single Unit Recordings

scholarly journals Liquid Crystal Elastomer-Based Microelectrode Array for In Vitro Neuronal Recordings

Micromachines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashed Rihani ◽  
Hyun Kim ◽  
Bryan Black ◽  
Rahul Atmaramani ◽  
Mohand Saed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Microelectrode Array ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Microelectrode Arrays ◽  
Neuronal Cultures

Polymer-based biomedical electronics provide a tunable platform to interact with nervous tissue both in vitro and in vivo. Ultimately, the ability to control functional properties of neural interfaces may provide important advantages to study the nervous system or to restore function in patients with neurodegenerative disorders. Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are a class of smart materials that reversibly change shape when exposed to a variety of stimuli. Our interest in LCEs is based on leveraging this shape change to deploy electrode sites beyond the tissue regions exhibiting inflammation associated with chronic implantation. As a first step, we demonstrate that LCEs are cellular compatible materials that can be used as substrates for fabricating microelectrode arrays (MEAs) capable of recording single unit activity in vitro. Extracts from LCEs are non-cytotoxic (>70% normalized percent viability), as determined in accordance to ISO protocol 10993-5 using fibroblasts and primary murine cortical neurons. LCEs are also not functionally neurotoxic as determined by exposing cortical neurons cultured on conventional microelectrode arrays to LCE extract for 48 h. Microelectrode arrays fabricated on LCEs are stable, as determined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Examination of the impedance and phase at 1 kHz, a frequency associated with single unit recording, showed results well within range of electrophysiological recordings over 30 days of monitoring in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Moreover, the LCE arrays are shown to support viable cortical neuronal cultures over 27 days in vitro and to enable recording of prominent extracellular biopotentials comparable to those achieved with conventional commercially-available microelectrode arrays.

Sources of the Scalp-Recorded Amplitude-Modulation Following Response

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 188-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeyuki Kuwada ◽  
Julia S. Anderson ◽  
Ranjan Batra ◽  
Douglas C. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Natacha Teissier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Amplitude Modulation ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Modulation Frequency ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
High Modulation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Single Unit Recordings ◽  
Composite Response ◽  
The Brain

The scalp-recorded amplitude-modulation following response (AMFR)” is gaining recognition as an objective audiometric tool, but little is known about the neural sources that underlie this potential. We hypothesized, based on our human studies and single-unit recordings in animals, that the scalp-recorded AMFR reflects the interaction of multiple sources. We tested this hypothesis using an animal model, the unanesthetized rabbit. We compared AMFRs recorded from the surface of the brain at different locations and before and after the administration of agents likely to enhance or suppress neural generators. We also recorded AMFRs locally at several stations along the auditory neuraxis. We conclude that the surface-recorded AMFR is indeed a composite response from multiple brain generators. Although the response at any modulation frequency can reflect the activity of more than one generator, the AMFRs to low and high modulation frequencies appear to reflect a strong contribution from cortical and subcortical sources, respectively.

scholarly journals Duplicate Detection of Spike Events: A Relevant Problem in Human Single-Unit Recordings

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 761
Author(s):  
Gert Dehnen ◽  
Marcel S. Kehl ◽  
Alana Darcher ◽  
Tamara T. Müller ◽  
Jakob H. Macke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
External Noise ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Recording Channels ◽  
Waveform Similarity ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
Single Unit Recordings

Single-unit recordings in the brain of behaving human subjects provide a unique opportunity to advance our understanding of neural mechanisms of cognition. These recordings are exclusively performed in medical centers during diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. The presence of medical instruments along with other aspects of the hospital environment limit the control of electrical noise compared to animal laboratory environments. Here, we highlight the problem of an increased occurrence of simultaneous spike events on different recording channels in human single-unit recordings. Most of these simultaneous events were detected in clusters previously labeled as artifacts and showed similar waveforms. These events may result from common external noise sources or from different micro-electrodes recording activity from the same neuron. To address the problem of duplicate recorded events, we introduce an open-source algorithm to identify these artificial spike events based on their synchronicity and waveform similarity. Applying our method to a comprehensive dataset of human single-unit recordings, we demonstrate that our algorithm can substantially increase the data quality of these recordings. Given our findings, we argue that future studies of single-unit activity recorded under noisy conditions should employ algorithms of this kind to improve data quality.

scholarly journals Time Efficiency of Digitally and Conventionally Produced Single-Unit Restorations

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Sofia Stromeyer ◽  
Daniel Wiedemeier ◽  
Albert Mehl ◽  
Andreas Ender
Keyword(s):  
Single Unit ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Scan Design ◽  
Time Efficiency ◽  
Dental Professional

The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the time efficiency of digital chairside and labside workflows with a conventional workflow for single-unit restorations. The time efficiency in this specific sense was defined as the time, which has to be spent in a dental office by a dental professional performing the relevant steps. A model with interchangeable teeth on position 36 was created. These teeth were differently prepared, responding to several clinical situations to perform single-unit restorations. Different manufacturing techniques were used: For the digital workflows, CEREC Omnicam (CER) and Trios 3 (TN/TI) were used. The conventional workflow, using a dual-arch tray impression technique, served as the control group. For the labside workflow (_L) and the conventional impression procedure (CO), the time necessary for the impressions and temporary restorations was recorded and served as operating time. The chairside workflow time was divided by the time for the entire workflow (_C) including scan, design, milling and finishing the milled restoration, and in the actual working time (_CW) leaving out the chairside milling of the restoration. Labside workflow time ranged from 9 min 27 s (CER_L) to 12 min 41 s (TI_L). Entire chairside time ranged from 43 min 35 s (CER_C) to 58 min 43 s (TI_C). Pure chairside working time ranged from 15 min 21 s (CER_CW) to 23 min 17 s (TI_CW). Conventional workflow time was 10 min 39 s (CO) on average. The digital labside workflow and the conventional workflow require a similar amount of time. The digital chairside workflow is more time consuming.

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