A410 A dose-dependent effect of aqueous leaf extract of Annona squamosal (L.) leaves on body weight gain, food intake and insulin sensitivity in high-fat diet-induced obesity.

Nitraria retusais an edible halophyte, used in Tunisia for several traditional medicine purposes. The present study investigated the antiobesity effects ofNitraria retusaethanol extract (NRE) in 3T3-L1 cells using different doses and in high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice. Male C57B6J/L mice were separately fed a normal diet (ND) or a high-fat diet (HFD) and daily administrated with NRE (50, 100 mg/kg) or one for 2 days with Naringenin (10 mg/kg). NRE administration significantly decreased body weight gain, fat pad weight, serum glucose, and lipid levels in HFD-induced obese mice. To elucidate the mechanism of action of NRE, the expression of genes involved in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism were measured in liver. Results showed that mice treated with NRE demonstrated a significant decrease in cumulative body weight and fat pad weight, a significant lowering in glucose and triglycerides serum levels, and an increase in the HDL-cholesterol serum level. Moreover mRNA expression results showed an enhancement of the expression of genes related to liver metabolism. Our findings suggest that NRE treatment had a protective or controlling effect against a high fat diet-induced obesity in C57B6J/L mice through the regulation of expression of genes involved in lipolysis and lipogenesis and thus the enhancement of the lipid metabolism in liver.

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Differential sensitivity of chronic high-fat-diet-induced obesity in Sprague-Dawley rats

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1515/jbcpp-2017-0030 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 553-563 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shakthi R.K. Devan ◽

Surendar Arumugam ◽

Ganesh Shankar ◽

Suresh Poosala

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Differential Sensitivity ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

High Fat ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

High Fat Diets ◽

Fat Diets

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of obesity is reported to be increasing owing to the high intake of dietary fat and is a predisposing risk factor with associated complex metabolic syndromes in the human population. Preclinical rodent models play a pivotal role in understanding the pathogenesis of obesity and development of new treatment strategies for humans. High-fat-diet (HFD)-induced rodents are used for chronic obesity models owing to their quick adaptation to high-fat diets and rapid body weight gain and different rats (Wistar Sprague-Dawley and Lewis) have been used by various researchers. However, the selection of appropriate stock contributes to the translation of clinically linked disease phenotypes to preclinical animal models.MethodsThe study was conducted using two commonly used rat stocks Hsd:Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Crl:Charles River (CD) to develop a chronic high-fat-diet-induced obesity model (DIO) to explore the underlying mechanisms of obesity and its utilization in drug discovery and development during preclinical stages. In addition two high-fat diets of different composition were evaluated (D12327; 40% kcal fat and D12492; 60% kcal fat) for their potential to induce obesity using these two stocks.ResultsA differential sensitivity to HFD was observed in body weight gain fat mass composition and obesity-linked symptoms such as impaired glucose tolerance insulin and leptin levels. The comparative research findings of Hsd:SD and Crl:CD rat stocks suggested that Crl:CD rats are more prone to diet-induced obesity and its associated complications.ConclusionsCrl:CD rats were found to be a suitable model for obesity over Hsd:SD when considering the important hallmarks of metabolic disorders that may be utilized for obesity-related research.

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Protective Effects of Saponin-Rich Aqueous Leaf Extract of Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. against Cafeteria and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Oxidative Stress in Rats

Pharmacologia ◽

10.5567/pharmacologia.2015.97.105 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 97-105

Author(s):

Tartte Vijaya ◽

Indireddy Rama Manoh Reddy ◽

Pasupuleti Visweswar Rao ◽

Bobbu Pushpa Latha

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Gymnema Sylvestre ◽

Protective Effects ◽

High Fat ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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Abstract 75: Chronic Treatment With At2 Receptor Agonist Rescues High Fat Diet-induced Obesity in Female Mice.

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.60.suppl_1.a75 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 60 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Mohammed A Khan ◽

Preethi Samuel ◽

Sourashish Nag ◽

Tahir Hussain

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

The Body ◽

Calorie Intake ◽

Adipocyte Size ◽

High Fat ◽

Female Mice ◽

Diet Induced Obesity

Obesity in itself is a disease condition and a major risk factor in the development of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia. Therefore, successful strategies for improving obesity and related metabolic risk factors are needed. Role of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been implicated in obesity and metabolic dysfunction. Recently, we have shown that AT2R knock-out in female mice caused a greater body weight gain and hyperinsulimia in response to high fat diet (HFD). In the present study, we hypothesize that AT2R activation rescues diet-induced obesity in females. To test this hypothesis, we injected AT2R non-peptide agonist C21 (0.3mg/kg/day i.p) in C57BL6 female mice on HFD for 12 weeks. C21-treatment did not affect the HFD calorie intake (HFD: 937±18 Kcal; C21HFD: 886±37 Kcal) but caused lesser body weight gain compared to control (HFD: 4.4± 0.4g; C21HFD: 3.06± 0.4g). Similar to the body weight gain pattern, gonadal fat weight and adipocyte size were decreased significantly in C21-treated mice on HFD compared to control HFD group (HFD: 4.4± 0.4 g; C21 HFD: 3.06± 0.4g) and (HFD: 6404±161.6μm2 ; C21HFD: 3874±103.2μm2 ) respectively. Moreover, the C21-treated females on HFD had lower levels of plasma insulin, improved glucose tolerance, and decreased plasma free fatty acids and hepatic triglycerides. Western blot revealed that phospho-Ser79-acetyl CoA carboxylase (p-Ser79-ACC-1) was reduced, an index of increased lipogenic activity and decreased β-oxidation process, in both adipose (Adi) and hepatic (Hep) tissues of HFD fed groups (Adi: 86% and Hep: 73% of 100% controls); C21-treatment revered the decrease in p-ser79-ACC-1 in Adi (104% of control) and caused an increase in Hep (122% of control) respectively. The HFD feeding lowered the estradiol level (ND: 38.8±2.6 vs HFD:11.3±1.2ng), which was modestly reversed by C21 treatment (C21HFD:17.4± 1.5ng) in HFD mice. Our results strongly suggest that stimulation of AT2R in female mice positively contribute, predominantly independent of estrogen, to rescue body weight gain and adipocyte size increase in response to HFD. We propose reduced lipogenesis and enhanced lipid β-oxidation as potential mechanisms linked to AT2R action in reducing obesity and its related metabolic disorders in females.

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Adiponectin promoter activator NP-1 reduces body weight and hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-fed animals

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00468.2011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 302 (7) ◽

pp. E817-E830 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Antonia Serrano ◽

Francisco J. Pavón ◽

Juan Suarez ◽

Patricia Rivera ◽

Margarita Vida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Liver Steatosis ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Acute Administration ◽

High Fat ◽

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Diet Induced Obesity

Enhancement of adiponectin level has been shown to have beneficial effects, including antiobesity, antidiabetic, and hepatoprotective effects. This evidence supports the therapeutic utility of adiponectin in complicated obesity. The present study characterized the in vivo effects of sustained adiponectin release by NP-1, a new class of thiazol derivative that increases adiponectin levels. Acute administration of NP-1 reduced feeding, increased plasma adiponectin, and improved insulin sensitivity without inducing malaise, as revealed by conditioned taste aversion studies. Short-term (7 days) treatment with NP-1 also reduced feeding and body weight gain and increased phosphorylation of AMPK in muscle, a main intracellular effector of adiponectin. NP-1 was also evaluated in diet-induced obesity, and adult male Wistar rats were fed two different types of diet: a standard high-carbohydrate/low-fat diet (SD) and a high-fat diet (HFD). Once obesity was established, animals were treated daily with NP-1 (5 mg/kg) for 14 consecutive days. Chronic NP-1 induced body weight loss and reduction of food intake and resulted in both a marked decrease in liver steatosis and an improvement of biochemical indexes of liver damage in HFD-fed rats. However, a marked induction of tolerance in adiponectin gene transcription and release was observed after chronic NP-1 with respect to the acute actions of this drug. The present results support the role of adiponectin signaling in diet-induced obesity and set in place a potential use of compounds able to induce adiponectin release for the treatment of obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver, with the limits imposed by the induction of pharmacological tolerance.

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The Saponin-Rich Fraction of a Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. Aqueous Leaf Extract Reduces Cafeteria and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2012-1-206 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 67 (1-2) ◽

pp. 39-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rama Manohar I. Reddy ◽

Pushpa B. Latha ◽

Tartte Vijaya ◽

Dattatreya S. Rao

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Low Density Lipoproteins ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

High Density Lipoproteins ◽

Gymnema Sylvestre ◽

Low Density ◽

High Fat ◽

Aqueous Leaf Extract

We examined the antiobesity effect of a saponin-rich fraction of a Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. aqueous leaf extract (SGE) using cafeteria and high-fat diet-induced obese rats for a period of eight weeks. SGE was orally administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight once a day to the treatment group. It significantly decreased the body weight, food consumption, visceral organs weight, and the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, very low-density lipoproteins, atherogenic index, glucose, and increased the levels of high-density lipoproteins. There was no significant difference with respect to all parameters of the study in case of normal (N) diet and N diet + SGE rats. In vitro, SGE inhibited the pancreatic lipase activity. The present study gave clear evidence that the SGE has a significant antiobese action, supporting its use in traditional medicine, and can be used as a substitute for synthetic drugs.

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Oral Supplements of Combined Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® and Xylooligosaccharides Improve High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Modulate the Gut Microbiota in Rats

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/9067821 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Yuyuan Li ◽

Man Liu ◽

He Liu ◽

Xiaoqing Wei ◽

Xianying Su ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Bacillus Licheniformis ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Low Grade ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

High Fat ◽

Diet Induced Obesity

Gut dysbiosis induced by high-fat diet (HFD) may result in low-grade inflammation leading to diverse inflammatory diseases. The beneficial effects of probiotics and prebiotics on obesity have been reported previously. However, their benefits in promoting human health and the underlying mechanisms still need to be further characterized. This study is aimed at understanding how probiotic Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® (BL) and prebiotic xylooligosaccharides (XOS) influence the health of a rat model with HF (60 kcal %) diet-induced obesity. Five groups of male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were fed a normal fat diet (CON) or an HFD with or without BL and XOS supplementation for 3 weeks. Lipid profiles, inflammatory biomarkers, and microbiota composition were analyzed at the end of the experiment. Rats fed an HFD exhibited increased body weight and disordered lipid metabolism. In contrast, combined BL and XOS supplementation inhibited body weight gain and returned lipid metabolism to normal. Furthermore, BL and XOS administration changed the gut microbiota composition and modulated specific bacteria such as Prevotellaceae, Desulfovibrionaceae, and Ruminococcaceae. In addition, supplements of combined BL and XOS obviously reduced the serum LPS level, which was significantly related to microbial variations. Our findings suggest that modulation of the gut microbiota as a result of probiotic BL and prebiotic XOS supplementation has a positive effect on HFD-induced obesity in rats.

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