Decentralization of health care systems and health outcomes: Evidence from a natural experiment

2017 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 69-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolores Jiménez-Rubio ◽  
Pilar García-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Care Systems

scholarly journals Potential long term adverse health outcomes of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
Dibanur Rashid Siddiqua ◽  
Md Shahadat Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Post Infectious

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic poses an extraordinary challenges to patients, communities and overall health care systems. It has resulted in millions of people infected worldwide and has indirectly devastated even more individuals with prolonged post-infectious symptoms. The burden of survivors having post-COVID symptoms is likely to be huge. Multidisciplinary post-COVID-19 clinics are now playing a pivotal role addressing both persistent symptoms and potential long term sequelae. In this review, we tried to summarize the adverse health outcomes based on current evidences, assess the potential risk of long-term complications and make certain recommendations. Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2021; 9(1): 38-40

scholarly journals A review on oral health care in four different health care systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Brondani ◽  
Kavita Mathu-Muju ◽  
Pia Skott ◽  
Gunilla Sandborgh-Englund ◽  
Fernando N Hugo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Service Utilization ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Oral Health Outcomes

Abstract Background : A universal approach to oral health is said to improve oral health outcomes, but research has shown mixed results. This study aimed at critically reviewing the literature available on the oral health care systems of four countries in terms of structure, scope, and delivery, along with their impact on oral health outcomes. Methods : A comparative literature review of the oral health care systems in Brazil, New Zealand, Canada, and Sweden was performed between August 2017 and January 2018 using PubMed/MEDLINE and the key words ‘universal’ OR ‘publicly funded’ AND ‘dental OR oral’ AND ‘care OR access’ AND ‘outcome’. This is a critical essay based on evidence available in the literature that was enriched by accounts from 12 key informants from these four countries. Results : All four countries provide some form of universal health care, but the administration, funding, and delivery of oral health care varied. Approximately 6% of oral health care expenditure in Canada is publicly funded. Brazil provides full publicly-funded oral health care at the point of use via salaried dental professionals, while Sweden offers a high-cost protection plan favouring those with greater needs, and New Zealand delivers publicly-funded oral health care to children up to their eighteenth birthday. With service utilization varying, 61% percent of Canadian children, 67% of Swedish children, 50% of Brazilian children, and 45% of New Zealand children are caries-free at age 12, while 6.4%, 0.8%, 6.5%, and 9.6% of adults between the ages of 20 and 79 years are edentulous, respectively. Conclusions : All countries have some form of publicly-funded oral health care, but vary in the way that the services are delivered, from salary-based providers to private-practice models. Service utilization and oral health outcomes differ in each country.

Hints for Reforming Primary and Community Care in Australia

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Hal Swerissen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Systems

Considerable interest in reform for primary health care and health more generally has emerged recently. There are concerns that primary and community services are fragmented, inequitable and inefficient, particularly for people with chronic and complex conditions. The evidence suggests there will be a significant increase in demand for these services and that stronger primary health care systems lead to better health outcomes. This paper makes a number of suggestions about the development of funding, payment, governance and organisational arrangements that could be part of a National Primary Health Care Strategy for Australia.

scholarly journals Making governance work in the health care sector: evidence from a ‘natural experiment’ in Italy

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Nuti ◽  
Federico Vola ◽  
Anna Bonini ◽  
Milena Vainieri
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Universal Coverage ◽  
Regional Governance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Governance Models ◽  
Regional Governments

AbstractThe Italian Health care System provides universal coverage for comprehensive health services and is mainly financed through general taxation. Since the early 1990s, a strong decentralization policy has been adopted in Italy and the state has gradually ceded its jurisdiction to regional governments, of which there are twenty. These regions now have political, administrative, fiscal and organizational responsibility for the provision of health care. This paper examines the different governance models that the regions have adopted and investigates the performance evaluation systems (PESs) associated with them, focusing on the experience of a network of ten regional governments that share the same PES. The article draws on the wide range of governance models and PESs in order to design a natural experiment. Through an analysis of 14 indicators measured in 2007 and in 2012 for all the regions, the study examines how different performance evaluation models are associated with different health care performances and whether the network-shared PES has made any difference to the results achieved by the regions involved. The initial results support the idea that systematic benchmarking and public disclosure of data are powerful tools to guarantee the balanced and sustained improvement of the health care systems, but only if they are integrated with the regional governance mechanisms.

The Mortality Crisis

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-85
Author(s):  
Kristen Ghodsee ◽  
Mitchell A. Orenstein
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Alcohol Dependency ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Care Systems

Chapter 6 considers the roots of the mortality crisis that many postsocialist countries faced in the 1990s and the declining life expectancies that some countries continue to face, while others have increased dramatically. It shows how privatization dismantled socialist health care systems leading to significant deteriorations in health outcomes in some countries and how the privatization of previously state-run breweries and distilleries and deregulation of sales led to increased alcohol consumption. The chapter also evaluates rampant alcohol dependency and abuse as a significant factor in declining life expectancy and increasing mortality rates, and points to the psychosocial stress of transition as a major root cause for alcoholism, cardiovascular disease, and suicide.

scholarly journals A review on oral health care oral health outcomes of four different health care systems

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Brondani ◽  
Kavita Mathu-Muju ◽  
Pia Skott ◽  
Gunilla Sandborgh-Englund ◽  
Fernando N Hugo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Service Utilization ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Oral Health Outcomes

Abstract Background : A universal approach to oral health is said to improve oral health outcomes and lessen inequity, but research has shown mixed results. This study aimed at critically reviewing the oral health care systems of four countries in terms of structure, scope, and delivery, along with their impact on oral health outcomes. Methods : A comparative literature review of the oral health care systems in Brazil, New Zealand, Canada, and Sweden was performed between August 2017 and January 2018 using PubMed/MEDLINE and the key words ‘universal’ AND ‘dental OR oral’ AND ‘care OR access’ AND ‘outcome’. This is a critical essay based on evidence available in the literature and interactive conversations with 12 key informants from these countries. Results : All four countries provide some form of universal health care, but the administration, funding, and delivery of oral health care varied. Approximately 6% of oral health care expenditure in Canada is publicly funded. Brazil provides full publicly-funded oral health care at the point of use via salaried dental professionals, while Sweden offers a high-cost protection plan favouring those with greater needs, and New Zealand delivers publicly-funded oral health care to children–up to their eighteenth birthday. With service utilization varying, 61% of Canadian children, 67% of Swedish children, 50% of Brazilian children, and 45% of New Zealand children are caries-free at age 12, while 6.4%, 0.8%, 6.5%, and 9.6% of adults between the ages of 20 and 79 years are edentulous, respectively. Conclusions : All countries have some form of publicly-funded oral health care, but vary in the way that the services are delivered, from salary-based providers to private-practice models. Service utilization and oral health outcomes differ in each country.

scholarly journals Universally funded oral health care and oral health outcomes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Brondani ◽  
Kavita Mathu-Muju ◽  
Pia Skott ◽  
Gunilla Sandborgh Englund ◽  
Fernando N Hugo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Oral Health Outcomes

Abstract Objectives To critically review the oral health care systems of four countries with a universal public health care system in terms of structure, scope and delivery and their impact on oral health outcomes. Methods A comparative review on the oral health care systems from Brazil, New Zealand, Canada and Sweden was performed between August 2017 and January 2018 using PubMed/MEDLINE and the key words ‘universal’ AND ‘dental OR oral’ AND ‘care OR access’ AND ‘outcome’. This is a critical essay based on evidence available in the literature and interactive conversations with key informants in all four countries. Results Although all four countries provide universal health care, the administration, funding and delivery of oral health care varied. About 6% of oral health care expenditure in Canada are publicly-funded. Brazil provides free oral health care at the point of use via salaried dental professionals, while Sweden offers a high-cost protection plan favouring those with greater needs, and New Zealand delivers free oral health care to children only up to their 18th birthday. With service utilization varying from 44% to more than 80%, sixty-one percent of Canadian children, 67% of Swedish children, 50% of Brazilian children and 45% of New Zealand children are caries-free at age 12 while 6.4%, 0.8%, 6.5%, and 9.6% of adults between the ages of 20 and 79 years are edentulous, respectively. Conclusions All countries have some form of publicly-funded oral health care, but a wide spectrum of salary-based and private-practice delivery models exists. Services utilization and oral health outcomes differ in each country.

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