The Mortality Crisis

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-85
Author(s):  
Kristen Ghodsee ◽  
Mitchell A. Orenstein
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Alcohol Dependency ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Care Systems

Chapter 6 considers the roots of the mortality crisis that many postsocialist countries faced in the 1990s and the declining life expectancies that some countries continue to face, while others have increased dramatically. It shows how privatization dismantled socialist health care systems leading to significant deteriorations in health outcomes in some countries and how the privatization of previously state-run breweries and distilleries and deregulation of sales led to increased alcohol consumption. The chapter also evaluates rampant alcohol dependency and abuse as a significant factor in declining life expectancy and increasing mortality rates, and points to the psychosocial stress of transition as a major root cause for alcoholism, cardiovascular disease, and suicide.

scholarly journals Potential long term adverse health outcomes of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
Dibanur Rashid Siddiqua ◽  
Md Shahadat Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Post Infectious

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic poses an extraordinary challenges to patients, communities and overall health care systems. It has resulted in millions of people infected worldwide and has indirectly devastated even more individuals with prolonged post-infectious symptoms. The burden of survivors having post-COVID symptoms is likely to be huge. Multidisciplinary post-COVID-19 clinics are now playing a pivotal role addressing both persistent symptoms and potential long term sequelae. In this review, we tried to summarize the adverse health outcomes based on current evidences, assess the potential risk of long-term complications and make certain recommendations. Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2021; 9(1): 38-40

scholarly journals Health Risk Factors And Health Care Systems In Latin America And The Caribbean: A Cross-Sectional Multiple Regression And ANOVA Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-128
Author(s):  
Rina Samant ◽  
Sonia Samant
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Health Risk Factors ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Per Capita

The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of health risk factors and health care systems on child mortality and life expectancy in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Cross-sectional multiple regression and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) are used to study the association between health risk factors such as incidence of tuberculosis and diabetes, and health care systems such as number of hospital beds per capita, and number of physicians per capita on life expectancy and child mortality. Data are obtained from the World Bank. For the purpose of this study, the LAC region is defined as the area from Mexico to the southern end of South America, as well as islands in the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. The conclusions of the study are that higher life expectancy is associated with higher per capita incomes and health expenditures. On the other hand, higher child mortality is associated with greater prevalence of communicable diseases and poor maternal pre-natal conditions. The macro policy implication is to focus on economic development and health care expenditure. The micro policy implication is to allocate more resources for maternal care, preventive care and eradication of communicable diseases. 

scholarly journals A review on oral health care in four different health care systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Brondani ◽  
Kavita Mathu-Muju ◽  
Pia Skott ◽  
Gunilla Sandborgh-Englund ◽  
Fernando N Hugo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Service Utilization ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Oral Health Outcomes

Abstract Background : A universal approach to oral health is said to improve oral health outcomes, but research has shown mixed results. This study aimed at critically reviewing the literature available on the oral health care systems of four countries in terms of structure, scope, and delivery, along with their impact on oral health outcomes. Methods : A comparative literature review of the oral health care systems in Brazil, New Zealand, Canada, and Sweden was performed between August 2017 and January 2018 using PubMed/MEDLINE and the key words ‘universal’ OR ‘publicly funded’ AND ‘dental OR oral’ AND ‘care OR access’ AND ‘outcome’. This is a critical essay based on evidence available in the literature that was enriched by accounts from 12 key informants from these four countries. Results : All four countries provide some form of universal health care, but the administration, funding, and delivery of oral health care varied. Approximately 6% of oral health care expenditure in Canada is publicly funded. Brazil provides full publicly-funded oral health care at the point of use via salaried dental professionals, while Sweden offers a high-cost protection plan favouring those with greater needs, and New Zealand delivers publicly-funded oral health care to children up to their eighteenth birthday. With service utilization varying, 61% percent of Canadian children, 67% of Swedish children, 50% of Brazilian children, and 45% of New Zealand children are caries-free at age 12, while 6.4%, 0.8%, 6.5%, and 9.6% of adults between the ages of 20 and 79 years are edentulous, respectively. Conclusions : All countries have some form of publicly-funded oral health care, but vary in the way that the services are delivered, from salary-based providers to private-practice models. Service utilization and oral health outcomes differ in each country.

Hints for Reforming Primary and Community Care in Australia

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Hal Swerissen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Systems

Considerable interest in reform for primary health care and health more generally has emerged recently. There are concerns that primary and community services are fragmented, inequitable and inefficient, particularly for people with chronic and complex conditions. The evidence suggests there will be a significant increase in demand for these services and that stronger primary health care systems lead to better health outcomes. This paper makes a number of suggestions about the development of funding, payment, governance and organisational arrangements that could be part of a National Primary Health Care Strategy for Australia.

scholarly journals Clinical philosophy in the context of pediatric care

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Ehrich ◽  
L Hirn ◽  
J Manemann
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Family Therapist ◽  
Pediatric Care ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Rich Countries

Abstract Medical care may be better in many countries than it currently is. Developing countries are in the need to catch up with affluent countries, and rich countries have a need for answering the question of how quality of health care can be improved for their total population despite increasing high-technology-induced cost through comprehensive cost-benefit analyzes. Health is about 85% dependent on general health care and 15% on medical care. The current quality differences of health care not only have their roots in economic crises, but in the lack of application of the thought model of ‘root-cause-effect long-term consequences. The questions arise as to whether this lack of integration of philosophical perspectives and activities contributes to deficiencies in the health care system and how philosophy could lead to new pathways of thinking. Obviously, the health systems of many European countries are having major problems translating the necessary changes in care from the theory level to the policy executive at the practical level. Furthermore, in many health care systems, adequate socio-philosophical concepts for adapting to constantly changing social conditions are missing with regard to adequate, accessible and affordable health care. This presentation discusses the pros and cons of greater involvement of spiritual welfare, clinical philosophy and philosophical practices in medical care for adolescents in order to improve 1. adherence to therapy, 2. resilience and 3. resonance in the treatment triangle of ‘patient-family-therapist’.

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