Management of winter cover crop residues under different tillage conditions affects nitrogen utilization efficiency and yield of eggplant (Solanum melanogena L.) in Mediterranean environment

2016 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 329-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Radicetti ◽  
Roberto Mancinelli ◽  
Roberto Moscetti ◽  
Enio Campiglia
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Nitrogen Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Mediterranean Environment ◽  
Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Winter Cover Crop ◽  
Winter Cover

scholarly journals Effect of Winter Cover Crop Residue on No-till Pumpkin Yield

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1568-1574 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ryan Harrelson ◽  
Greg D. Hoyt ◽  
John L. Havlin ◽  
David W. Monks
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Surface Residue ◽  
No Till ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Winter Cover Crop ◽  
Winter Cover

Throughout the southeastern United States, vegetable growers have successfully cultivated pumpkins (Cucurbita pepo) using conventional tillage. No-till pumpkin production has not been pursued by many growers as a result of the lack of herbicides, no-till planting equipment, and knowledge in conservation tillage methods. All of these conservation production aids are now present for successful no-till vegetable production. The primary reasons to use no-till technologies for pumpkins include reduced erosion, improved soil moisture conservation, long-term improvement in soil chemical and microbial properties, and better fruit appearance while maintaining similar yields compared with conventionally produced pumpkins. Cover crop utilization varies in no-till production, whereas residue from different cover crops can affect yields. The objective of these experiments was to evaluate the influence of surface residue type on no-till pumpkin yield and fruit quality. Results from these experiments showed all cover crop residues produced acceptable no-till pumpkin yields and fruit size. Field location, weather conditions, soil type, and other factors probably affected pumpkin yields more than surface residue. Vegetable growers should expect to successfully grow no-till pumpkins using any of the winter cover crop residues tested over a wide range in residue biomass rates.

scholarly journals Effect of Winter Cover Crop Biomass on Summer Weed Emergence and Biomass Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique von Hertwig Bittencourt ◽  
Paulo Emílio Lovato ◽  
Jucinei José Comin ◽  
Marcos Alberto Lana ◽  
Miguel Angel Altieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Morning Glory ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Winter Cover Crop ◽  
Winter Cover ◽  
Fodder Radish

Abstract A greenhouse assay was carried out to evaluate the effect of winter cover crop residues on spontaneous plants that commonly occur on summer annual fields in Southern Brazil. Dry shoot residues of rye (Secale cereale), vetch (Vicia villosa), fodder radish (Raphanus sativus), and a mix of the three species, were applied over pots that had been seeded with alexandergrass (Brachiaria plantaginea), hairy beggarticks (Bidens pilosa), wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla), and morning glory (Ipomoea grandifolia) at four different depths (0, 1, 2, or 4 cm). Plant emergence and biomass production were measured. Residues of rye reduced the emergence of B. plantaginea, while vetch diminished I. grandifolia and B. plantaginea emergence. Fodder radish reduced emergence of I. grandifolia. The mix of cover crops reduced emergence of I. grandifolia, B. plantaginea, and B. pilosa. None of the cover crops differed from the control on E. heterophylla emergence. The lowest yields in spontaneous plant shoot biomass were obtained from the cover with rye + vetch + fodder radish. The lowest values of root biomass occurred under cover with rye, fodder radish or the mix. Use of vetch residues decreased emergence of B. plantaginea and I. grandifolia, but enhanced biomass accumulation by the latter

scholarly journals Do Fallow Season Cover Crops Increase N2O or CH4 Emission from Paddy Soils in the Mono-Rice Cropping System?

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Jie Li ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Yuanliang Shi ◽  
Lili Zhang ◽  
Zhijie Wu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Winter Cover Crop ◽  
Winter Cover ◽  
Ch4 And N2o ◽  
Chinese Milk Vetch ◽  
Winter Fallow

Cover crop management during the fallow season may play a relevant role in improving crop productivity and soil quality, by increasing nitrogen (N) and soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation, but has the possibility of increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the soil. A year-long consistency experiment was conducted to examine the effects of various winter covering crops on annual nitrous oxide (N2O) together with methane (CH4) emissions in the mono-rice planting system, including direct emissions in the cover crop period and the effects of incorporating these crops on gaseous emissions during the forthcoming rice (Oryza Sativa L.) growing period, to improve the development of winter fallow paddy field with covering crops and to assess rice cultivation patterns. The experiment included three treatments: Chinese milk vetch-rice (Astragalus sinicus L.) with cover crop residue returned (T1), ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.)-rice with cover crop residue returned (T2), and rice with winter fallow (CK). Compared with CK, the two winter cover crop treatments significantly increased rice yield, soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) by 6.9–14.5%, 0.8–2.1% and 3.4–5.4%, respectively. In all cases, the fluxes of CH4 and N2O could increase with the incorporation of N fertilizer application and cover crop residues. Short-term peaks of these two gas fluxes were monitored after all crop residues were incorporated in the soil preparation period, the early vegetative growth period and the midseason drainage period. The winter cover crop residue application greatly enhanced CH4 and N2O cumulative emissions compared with CK (by 193.6–226.5% and 37.5–43.7%, respectively) during rice growing season and intercropping period. Meanwhile, the mean values of global warming potentials (GWPs) from paddy fields with different cropping crops were T2 > T1 > CK. Considering the advantages of crop productivity together with environmental safety and soil quality, Chinese milk vetch-rice with cover crop residue returned would be the most practicable and sustainable cultivation pattern for the mono-rice cropping systems.

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